Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome? So wote nka mpofirim sɛ wo moma so ayɛ wo den na wufi ase fefe bere a wode wo nsa ka mfutuma anaa afieboa ti nhwi kakra no? Eyi nyɛ ayamtu kɛkɛ sɛnea ebia wubesusuw no. Ebetumi ayɛ ayamtu tebea a ɛne yɛn nipadua mu akisikuru wɔ abusuabɔ. Ɛnnɛ yɛreka ayamtu a abu so yiye, nanso nnipa pii nnim ho asɛm.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne ayamtu a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew?
Fa no sɛ yɛn nipadua yɛ abankɛse a ɛwɔ ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe a emu yɛ den. Saa abankɛse yi hwɛ biribiara a ɛba mu. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe yi (immune system) di mfomso. Sɛ ohu biribi a asiane biara nni ho, sɛ nhwɛso no, mfutuma ketewaa bi, nhwiren a ɛyɛ den, anaa aboa nhoma bi a, esusuw sɛ ɛyɛ ɔtamfo kɛse na efi ɔko kɛse ase.
Wɔ saa ɔko yi mu no, yɛn nipadua no yi nnuru ahorow fi mu. Saa nnuru yi ma yɛn mframa kwan no hohoro na ɛyɛ den fi mu. Te sɛ sɛ obi piapia nsu paipu a, ɛbɛyɛ den sɛ nsu no bɛsen fa mu no, ɛbɛyɛ den sɛ mframa bɛkɔ yɛn ahurututu mu. Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no allergic asthma . Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wo ayamtu tebea no ba bere a wohome biribi a wo ho nyɛ wo den no.
Nokwarem no, nnipa dodow no ara a wɔwɔ ayamtu, bɛyɛ 10 biara mu 6, wɔ ayamtu a saa nneɛma a wɔn ho yɛ no hyew yi de ba . Enti eyi nyɛ biribi a ɛto wo nkutoo, ɛyɛ tebea a abu so yiye.
Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no? Yɛyɛ dɛn hu eyi?
Obi a ɔwɔ ayamtu a ɛma ne ho yɛ no yaw betumi anya ayamtu ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛfata ne akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne nyinaa. Sɛ yɛbɛte eyi ase yiye a, momma yɛnkyekyɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu abien.
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a efi ayamtu mu ba | Nsɛnkyerɛnne a efi akisikuru mu ba |
|---|---|
| Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den ne ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa. | Anom a ɛyɛ den anaasɛ hwene a ɛtaa tɔ. |
| Ɔfefe a ɛtaa ba, titiriw anadwo. | Aniwa a ɛyɛ yaw ne nusu a ɛretetew. |
| Sɛ wote nnyigyei a ɛyɛ abɛn te sɛ ‘C... C...’ bere a worehome (Wheezing). | Wora a ɛyɛ hyew, ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, anaasɛ ɛyɛ wo yaw (Rash anaa hives). |
| Koko a ɛyɛ den. | Menewa ne hwene a ɛyɛ wo yaw. |
Sɛ wohyia biribi a ɛma wo ho yɛ wo hyew a, saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa betumi ada adi bere koro mu.
Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew a ɛkanyan ayamtu yi?
Yebetumi ahu saa nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw yi wɔ baabiara wɔ baabiara a atwa yɛn ho ahyia. Ade a ɛho hia wo sen biara ne sɛ wubehu nea ɛkanyan wo ayamtu no ankasa. Afei wubetumi atwe wo ho afi wɔn ho sɛnea wubetumi biara.
| Allergen a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew | Ɛhe na wɔwɔ? |
|---|---|
| Ayɛmma a wɔyɛ afieboa | Pet dander yɛ nneɛma nketenkete a ɛtɔ fi mmoa te sɛ akraman ne mpataa aboa nhoma, nnompe, nsu, ne wɔn were mu. |
| Pollen a wɔfrɛ no pollen | Ɛte sɛ mfutuma a ɛboaboa ano wɔ mframa mu fi nnua, nhwiren, ne sare so. Eyinom pii wɔ wim wɔ mmere bi mu. |
| Hyehyɛ | Enyin wɔ mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ nwini, sɛ nhwɛso no, aguaree afasu, sink ase, ne nhoma dedaw so. Nkwammoaa a ɛboaboa ano wɔ mframa mu fi eyinom mu no betumi ama obi anya ayamtu bere a wɔhome no. |
| Mfutuma a ɛyɛ nwansena | Wɔyɛ abɔde nketenkete a wɔyɛ nketewa dodo sɛ obi betumi de aniwa ahu. Wɔte yɛn mattress, pillows, mpa so ntama, sofa, ne kapet mu. Wodi nnipa honam ani nkwammoaa a awuwu. |
| Akɔre a wɔfrɛ no Cockroaches | Mmoa yi nsu, nnompe, ne wɔn nipadua akwaa betumi ayɛ nneɛma a ɛma wɔn ho yɛ den. |
Ebia nnipa binom nso benya wɔn ayamtu no mu ayɛ den esiane nnuan bi nti (aduan ho akisikuru), nanso eyi ho yɛ na kakra.
So tebea yi betumi ayɛ aniberesɛm?
Aane. Akisikuru a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew betumi aka wo da biara da asetra sɛ wɔanni so yiye a.
- Dae a ɛyɛ basaa: Ɔfe ne ahome a ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome anadwo betumi ama ayɛ den sɛ ɔbɛda yiye.
- Sukuu anaa adwuma a wobɛpa: Sɛ ayamtu mu yɛ den a, ebia wuntumi nkɔ sukuu anaa adwuma.
- Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wuntumi: Ɛsɛ sɛ wokwati apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ efisɛ wote nka sɛ wo home yɛ den bere a wutu mmirika anaa wuhuruw no.
- Ayaresabea a wɔtaa de wɔn kɔ: Nsɛm pii wɔ hɔ a wɔde kɔ ayaresabea bere a ayamtu bi asi no.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo hu eyi?
Wo duruyɛfo bebisa wo wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne na wahwɛ wo. Afei, ebia wɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi de ahu sɛ ebia ɛyɛ ayamtu anaasɛ akisikuru.
- Spirometry: Eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔde susuw sɛnea wohome. Wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ home denneennen kɔ afiri bi mu na afei bɔ denneennen. Saa sɔhwɛ yi susuw mframa a w’ahurututu betumi akɔ mu na afi mu ntɛmntɛm ne dodow a ɛwɔ mu. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde afiri a wɔde home di dwuma, na wɔsan yɛ sɔhwɛ no wɔ ɛno akyi de hwɛ sɛ nsonsonoe bi wɔ wo home mu anaa.
- Bronchoprovocation sɔhwɛ: Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ home aduru titiriw bi (methacholine) na wɔde spirometry sɔhwɛ koro no ara susuw sɛnea wo mframa kwan no te nka ne sɛnea ɛyɛ den no.
- Nhwehwɛmu a Wɔyɛ wɔ Allergy: Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ ayamtu wie a, wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi de hu sɛ ebia allergy na ɛde ba anaa.
- Wo honam ani nhwehwɛmu: Wɔde nneɛma ahorow a ɛma wo ho yɛ wo hyew kakraa bi gu wo nsa anaa w’akyi na wɔde ade ketewaa bi na ɛyɛ hwene ketewaa bi wɔ soro paa. Sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo den wɔ saa ade no ho a, wɔ simma kakraa bi mu no, beae no bɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ kakra na ahonhon te sɛ nea nwansena aka no.
- Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Wɔfa mogya bi na wɔsɔ hwɛ sɛ protein (antibody) a nipadua no yɛ de ko tia nneɛma ahorow a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew wɔ hɔ anaa.
Yɛbɛyɛ dɛn adi tebea yi so?
Wɔ eyi mu no, wo duruyɛfo no bɛyɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe bi a ɛbɛyɛ adwuma ama wo akisikuru ne wo ayamtu no nyinaa. Eyi yɛ afã abien.
1. Kwati nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew
Eyi ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara. Sɛ wuhu nea wo ho yɛ wo hyew wie a, twe wo ho fi wɔn ho sɛnea wubetumi biara.
- Ma wo fie ho ntew: Bere nyinaa popa wo fie, popa, na mfutuma gu wo fie.
- Mpa so ntama ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ: Anyɛ yiye koraa no, hohoro eyinom pɛnkoro dapɛn biara wɔ nsu a ɛyɛ hyew mu. Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wode nkataso soronko (akataso a ɛnyɛ allergen) bedi dwuma de abɔ wo ho ban afi mfutuma a ɛyɛ nwansena ho.
- Bɔ wo ho ban fi pollen ho: Ma wo mfɛnsere nto mu wɔ mmere a pollen dɔɔso no mu. Sɛ wokɔ abɔnten a, hyɛ akatawia.
- Mframa a wɔde tew nneɛma ho: Mframa hohoro afiri pa a wode bedi dwuma nso betumi aboa ma nneɛma te sɛ mfutuma ne nsu a ɛyɛ fĩ a ɛwɔ mframa mu wɔ fie no so atew.
- Yɛ Adeyɛ Ho Nhyehyɛe: Eyi ho hia paa. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa na kyerɛw aduru a wobɛnom sɛ wo ayamtu no mu yɛ den mpofirim a, nea wobɛyɛ sɛ ankɔ yiye a, ne wɔn a wo ne wɔn bɛkasa.
2. Aduruyɛ mu ayaresa
Ɛdenam wo tebea so no, wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru ahorow ama wo.
- Rescue inhalers: Eyinom yɛ inhalers a wɔde di dwuma bere a woanya ayamtu mpofirim no. Wɔtrɛw wo mframa kwan no mu ntɛmntɛm na ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobɛhome. Eyi yɛ aduru a ɛsɛ sɛ wode sie bere nyinaa.
- Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma: Eyinom yɛ nnuru a ɛsɛ sɛ wonom da biara da. Wɔtaa yɛ nnuru a wɔde home corticosteroids. Wɔyɛ adwuma denam wo mframa kwan a ɛho ahonhon a wɔtew so na wosiw ayamtu ntua ano no so.
- Leukotriene modifiers: Eyinom yɛ nnuru bi a ɛba wɔ aduruyɛ mu. Montelukast yɛ aduru a wɔtaa de di dwuma a ɛte sɛɛ. Ɛboa ma wodi ayamtu ne akisikuru nyinaa so.
- Nnuru a ekum akisikuru: Saa nnuru yi boa ma akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne so tew (aniwa a ɛyɛ yaw, hwene a ɛtwetwe).
- Allergy shots / Immunotherapy: Eyi yɛ ayaresa a ɛkyɛ. Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wode ade a wo ho yɛ wo hyew no kakraa bi pɛ bɛhyɛ wo nipadua mu. Bere kɔ so no, wo nipadua no sua na ɛnyɛ adwuma pii.
Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn? Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Nneɛma a Ɛho Hia Ntɛmntɛm (ETU)?
Sɛ wowɔ ayamtu anaa akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no bi a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn kɔhwehwɛ afotu. Mma nnyɛ wo ho aduru.
Putupuru!
Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome, woabrɛ dodo sɛ wobɛkasa, na wo rescue inhaler no mmoa a, kɔ ayaresabea dan a ɛbɛn wo a wɔhwɛ ntɛmpɛ so (ETU) anaa frɛ ambulance ntɛm ara . Wɔ tebea horow bi a emu yɛ den mu no, tebea bi a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu a wɔfrɛ no ``Anaphylaxis'' betumi aba. Enti ntwentwɛn wo nan ase.
Akisikuru a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw yɛ tebea a ɛkɔ so wɔ nkwa nna nyinaa mu. Nanso ɛho nhia sɛ yesuro. Sɛ wunim nea wo ho yɛ wo hyew ankasa, wotwe wo ho fi wɔn ho, na wonom nnuru a wo duruyɛfo kyerɛw ma wo no so no, wubetumi adi tebea yi so yiye na woatra ase a ahoɔden wom na anigye wom a ɔhaw biara nni ho.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Allergic asthma yɛ bere a biribi a wo ho yɛ wo hyew no ma wo ayamtu no mu yɛ den. Eyi yɛ tebea a abu so yiye.
- Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wuhu nea ɛkanyan wo ayamtu no ankasa (mfutuma, mmoa, nsu mu nsu) na wotwe wo ho fi ho.
- Nnyae nnuru a wo duruyɛfo akyerɛw ama wo no nom da, titiriw controller inhaler a wode di dwuma da biara no.
- Fa afiri a wɔde home a wɔde gye nkwa ka wo ho bere nyinaa wɔ tebea horow a egye ntɛmpɛ mu.
- Sɛ ɔhome mu haw yɛ den na ahotɔ biara mfi afiri a wɔde home no mu a, kɔ ayaresabea Dwumadibea a Ɛho Hia Ntɛmntɛm (ETU) ntɛm ara.
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