So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wuhu sɛ nneɛma mu ayɛ kusuu kakra, emu nna hɔ, anaasɛ ɛtrɛw kakra mpo? Titiriw sɛ woreka kar anadwo a, so wuhu halo bi atwa kar a ɛwɔ w’anim no kanea ho ahyia? So wo ti yɛ wo yaw bere tiaa bi akyi bere a worekenkan nhoma anaa atesɛm krataa, worehwɛ TV, anaa woreyɛ adwuma wɔ kɔmputa so? So w’ani te nka sɛ wabrɛ? Sɛ woanya eyinom mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa mu osuahu a, asɛm yi bɛyɛ nea ɛho hia wo paa. Ɛnnɛ yɛreka tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ‘Astigmatism’ ho asɛm, a nnipa pii wɔ, nanso sɛ wɔte din no a, wosuro sɛ ɛyɛ yare a emu yɛ den, nanso nokwarem no ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye sɛ wobesiesie.
Dɛn ankasa ne astigmatism?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, astigmatism yɛ tebea a ɛma w’aniwa, titiriw fã a ɛda adi wɔ w’ani anim, ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no, nyɛ kurukuruwa pɛpɛɛpɛ te sɛ bɔɔl. Yɛn nyinaa wɔ saa tebea yi kodu baabi.
Fa w’adwene bu aniwa a ɛte apɔw a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa pɛpɛɛpɛ, te sɛ volleyball. Afei hann a ɛhyɛn aniwa no mu no kotow ɔkwan koro no ara so, pɛpɛɛpɛ, na ɛde n’adwene si beae koro no ara wɔ retina no so. Afei yetumi hu biribiara yiye.
Nanso sɛ w’ani yɛ te sɛ rugby bɔɔl a, dɛn na ɛba? Hann a ɛhyɛn w’aniwa mu no kotow kɔ ɔfã biako ne ɔfã foforo. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ade bi fã biako pɛ na wɔde wɔn adwene si so, bere a ɔfã foforo no nni adwene a wɔde si biribi so. Ne saa nti, nneɛma te sɛ nea ɛyɛ kusuu na ɛtrɛw.
Mpɛn pii no, astigmatism ne myopia anaa akyirikyiri a obi hu ade anaasɛ hyperopia anaa akyirikyiri a ohu no bom ba. Yɛfrɛ saa tebea abiɛsa yi nyinaa sɛ refractive errors. Eyi te saa efisɛ ne abiɛsa no nyinaa hwehwɛ sɛ nsakrae ba ɔkwan a hann a ɛkɔ aniwa no mu no kotow (refracted).
Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, eyi yɛ biribi a ɛnyɛ den sɛ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo betumi de ahwehwɛ, ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade, anaa oprehyɛn asiesie.
Dɛn ne astigmatism ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?
Ebia wubenya saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa:
- Nneɛma te sɛ nea ɛyɛ kurukuruwa anaasɛ ɛyɛ nea wɔakyinkyim (e.g., kurukuruwa bi da adi sɛ ɛyɛ kurukuruwa) .
- Aniwa a ɛyɛ den
- Ti a ɛtaa yɛ no yaw
- Ɔhaw a ɛma wohu ade anadwo
Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi sɔre nkakrankakra. Worenhu nsonsonoe kɛse bi ntɛm ara. Tiyɛ no fi mmɔden a ɛsɛ sɛ w’ani bɔ de si nneɛma so. Abenfo nso gye di sɛ tebea yi kɔ so wɔ mmusua mu . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ wo maame, wo papa, anaa obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu bi wɔ bi a, ɛda adi sɛ wubenya bi.
Dɛn na ɛde tebea yi ba?
Wɔ nnipa pii fam no, saa tebea yi yɛ biribi a wɔde woo wɔn. Nanso abenfo da so ara nnim nea ɛde ba ankasa. Sɛ ɛno da nkyɛn a, nneɛma afoforo nso nti astigmatism betumi aba.
- Bere a wapira aniwa akyi
- Esiane aniwa tebea bi nti
- Bere a wɔayɛ aniwa oprehyɛn akyi
Ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no keratoconus nso betumi de astigmatism aba. Eyi ne bere a aniwa no ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ te sɛ kɔne. Wɔ eyi mu no, ɛho hia sɛ wɔde ahwehwɛ a ɛma wohu ade yiye.
Nanso kae ade biako. Nhoma a wɔkenkan wɔ hann a ano nyɛ den mu anaasɛ TV a wobɛhwɛ no bɛn dodo no mma obi nnya astigmatism. Ɛno yɛ adwene a ɛnteɛ a ɛwɔ ɔmanfo mu ara kwa.
Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu eyi, Oduruyɛfo?
Sɛ wuhu nsakrae biara wɔ w’ani so a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔyɛ w’ani mu nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ. Oduruyɛfo no bɛma woakenkan aniwa ho nhyehyɛe bi ahwɛ sɛnea w’aniwa yɛ nnam. Nea ɛka ho no, wɔde nnwinnade ahorow di dwuma de susuw tebea yi pɛpɛɛpɛ.
- Phoropter: Wokae, afiri a ɛsesa lenses mmiako mmiako na ɛbisa sɛ, "So eyi mu da hɔ, so ɛda adi pefee?" Saa na wunya ahwehwɛ a ɛma wuhu ade pefee sen biara no.
- Keratometer: Saa afiri yi susuw sɛnea w’aniwa no yɛ kurukuruwa. Eyi ma oduruyɛfo no nya adwene pa wɔ sɛnea ani a ɛwɔ anim no te ne sɛnea etumi de hann si baabiara no so.
- Autorefractor: Saa afiri yi ma hann kɔ w’ani so na ɛsusuw sɛnea ɛsan kɔ akyi. Eyi betumi ama woanya ahwehwɛ a wuhia ho adwene a ɛyɛ den.
- Corneal topographer: Eyi ne ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri sen biara a wobɛfa so anya nsɛm a ɛfa sɛnea anim no te ho. Eyi ma wonya 3D kɔla map a ɛkyerɛ w’aniwa ani hwɛbea. Saa sɔhwɛ yi ho hia yiye sɛ woreyɛ laser oprehyɛn (te sɛ `LASIK`).
So yebetumi ate wo nnuru a wɔakyerɛw ama wo no ase?
Sɛ wuhu nkyerɛwde ne nɔma ahorow a ɛwɔ nnuru a wo duruyɛfo de ama wo no so a, ebia woresusuw nea eyinom yɛ ho. Momma yɛnkyerɛkyerɛ mu tiawa.
| Ahyɛnsode / Ɔfã | Kyerɛ |
|---|---|
| OD ne OS | OD gyina hɔ ma aniwa nifa (Oculus Dexter), OS gyina hɔ ma aniwa benkum (Oculus Sinister), na OU gyina hɔ ma aniwa abien no nyinaa (Oculus Uterque). |
| Nnɔmba a edi kan (Spherical) . | Eyi ma wohu sɛ ebia wowɔ ɔhaw bi wɔ akyirikyiri anaa baabi a ɛbɛn wo a wohu ade ho. Sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ minus (-) wɔ nɔma no anim a, ɛnde na woahu baabi a ɛbɛn. Sɛ plus (+) sɛnkyerɛnne bi wɔ hɔ a, ɛnde na wohwɛ akyirikyiri. Dodow a dodow no kɔ soro no, dodow no ara na w’ani so yɛ kusuu. |
| Nea ɛto so abien (Cylindrical) . | Eyi ne sɛnea wowɔ astigmatism kɛse. Dodow a dodow yi dɔɔso no, dodow no ara na wowɔ astigmatism. |
| Nnɔmba a ɛto so abiɛsa (Axis) . | Eyi ma wuhu baabi a astigmatism a ɛwɔ w’aniwa mu no wɔ. |
Sɛ nhwɛsoɔ no, sɛ aduru bi a wɔakyerɛw ama wo ka sɛ "OD -1.00 x -2.00 x 155" a, ɛno kyerɛ sɛ w'ani nifa (OD) wɔ diopter 1 a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wotumi hu ade yiye ne diopter 2 a ɛyɛ astigmatism, wɔ gyinabea a ɛyɛ digrii 155.
Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa eyi?
Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wobetumi de ahwehwɛ anaa ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade asiesie nsɛm a ɛfa astigmatism ho nyinaa. Nanso, sɛ wunni astigmatism kakraa bi pɛ na wunni aniwa mu haw foforo biara a, ebia wunhia ahwehwɛ.
Abobɔdeɛ
Wɔayɛ ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ahwehwɛ no sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛtew w’aniwa a ɛyɛ kusuu a ɛnam w’aniwa a ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ so no so. Wɔyɛ adwuma yiye bere a worehwɛ w’anim tẽẽ no. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ astigmatism kɛse a, nneɛma te sɛ fam ne afasu betumi ayɛ te sɛ nea wɔatrɛw kakra bere a edi kan a wode bɛhyɛ mu no. Mma ɛnhaw wo wɔ saa asɛm no ho. W’ani bɛsakra no wɔ nna anaa adapɛn kakraa bi mu. Bɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛhyɛ nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi anɔpa na nkakrankakra woasua. Nanso, sɛ w’ani anhu ade yiye a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn bio na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ nnuru a wɔakyerɛw ama wo no teɛ.
Ahwehwɛ a Wɔde Di Dwuma
Contact lenses nso betumi asiesie tebea yi. Nanso wuhia ahwehwɛ soronko bi a wɔayɛ ama saa atirimpɔw no. Wɔfrɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wɔde yɛ astigmatism toric ahwehwɛ. Wɔayɛ eyinom sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a aniwa no bɛsan akɔ baabi a ɛfata bere mpo a ɛdannan aniwa no.
Sɛ w’aniwa a ɛyɛ den no mu yɛ den a, ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ den a mframa tumi fa mu no ye sen biara. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a nnuruyɛfo de saa ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ den yi di dwuma wɔ ayaresa bi a wɔfrɛ no orthokeratology mu. Wɔ eyi mu no, wohyɛ saa ahwehwɛ yi bere a woda anadwo no. Ahwehwɛ no siesie w’aniwa no nsusuwii bere tiaa bi. Wubetumi ahu ade yiye da mũ no nyinaa. Nanso ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ so hyɛ saa ahwehwɛ yi na ama woakura saa nsusuwii no mu.
Laser Aniwa Oprehyɛn a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma
Laser oprehyɛn, te sɛ `LASIK` anaa `PRK`, sesa w'aniwa no nsusuwii daa ma hann no twe adwene si yiye. Eyinom betumi de aba pa ara aba. Wubetumi abisa w’ani ho oduruyɛfo no sɛ ɔmma no eyi ho nsɛm pii.
So eyi to mmofra nkumaa nso?
Aane. Wɔwo nkokoaa pii a astigmatism na wɔwɔ. Nanso ɛnyɛ biribiara a ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ ho. Mpɛn pii no, bere a wɔadi bɛyɛ afe biako no, ɛno nkutoo kɔ.
Nanso nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ, sɛ wɔannya abofra bi aniwa so haw no ho dwuma a, ebetumi aka ne sukuu dwumadi tẽẽ. Ebia abofra kumaa rente ase sɛ ɔwɔ ɔhaw bi wɔ n’anisoadehu ho. Enti, eyi nso betumi aka ne sukuu dwumadi. Ɛtɔ da bi a , wobetumi adi mfomso aka sɛ ‘abofra a ontumi nsua ade’. Enti, ɛho hia paa sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ abofra aniwa. Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wɔbɛyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu bere a abofra no adi bɛyɛ asram 6 no.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Astigmatism nyɛ yare, na mmom ɛyɛ aniwa mu sintɔ a ɛba esiane sɛ aniwa no ani hwɛbea no nsusuwii nyɛ kurukuruwa pɛpɛɛpɛ nti.
- Nsɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne sɛ obi nhu ade yiye, onhu ade yiye, ne ti yɛ no yaw, na ɛyɛ den sɛ obehu ade anadwo.
- Saa tebea yi taa fi awo mu na ɛnyɛ suban te sɛ akenkan wɔ hann a ano nyɛ den mu na ɛde ba.
- Ayaresa ahorow a etu mpɔn yiye wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa eyi te sɛ ahwehwɛ, ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade, ne oprehyɛn a wɔde laser yɛ.
- Sɛ wususuw sɛ wo anaa wo ba no wɔ aniwa mu haw a, kɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo a ɔfata nkyɛn ntɛm.
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