So yɛbɛka Birdshot Chorioretinopathy ho asɛm nnɛ?

So woate nka pɛn sɛ worehu nneɛma nketenkete tuntum a ɛrehuruhuruw wɔ w’ani anim? Anaasɛ ebia w’aniso yɛ mmerɛw kakra? Eyinom betumi ayɛ nea ɛfata, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi ayɛ ɔhaw bi a ɛwɔ w’ani mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka aniwa mu yare biako a ɛntaa nsi a sɛ wɔsa no yiye a wobetumi adi so ho asɛm.

Dɛn ne eyi (Birdshot Chorioretinopathy)?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Birdshot Chorioretinopathy, anaa BSCR tiawa no yɛ yare a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛntaa nsi a ɛba aniwa no mu. Ɛnyɛ tebea a enni sabea , a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛnyɛ yiye wɔ bere tiaa bi mu, na mmom ɛyɛ tebea a ɛkɔ so daa. Sɛ wɔansa no yiye a, ebetumi ama n’ani ayɛ nsakrae daa anaasɛ mpo n’ani so ayera koraa .

(BSCR) yɛ tebea a emu yɛ den a ɛka nyarewa kuw bi a wɔfrɛ no ``Uveitis'' ho, a ɛsɛe ntini a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu. Ɛfa:

• Retina : Eyi ne ntini a ɛte hann nka wɔ yɛn aniwa akyi. Ɛte sɛ sini a ɛwɔ mfoninitwa afiri mu no. Wɔakyerɛw mfonini ahorow a yehu no wɔ ha.
• Choroid : Eyi wɔ retina no ase. Eyi ne ntini a ɛka retina no bom aniwa no fã fitaa no, na ɛde mogya kɔ retina no mu, kyerɛ sɛ, ɛma no aduan.

Ade a ɛda nsow kɛse wɔ yare yi ho ne nsensanee nketenkete a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa a ɛyɛ krim a ɛda adi wɔ retina no fã a emu dɔ ne choroid no atifi fam no. Mpɛn pii no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edi kan no bi ne nneɛma tuntum a ɛsensɛn aniwa anim (floaters) , aniwa a ɛyɛ kusuu , anaa n’abien nyinaa. Saa tebea yi taa ka aniwa abien no nyinaa .

Bere kɔ so no, saa ɔsɛe yi betumi de tebea horow te sɛ cystoid macular edema anaa glaucoma aba . Ɛwom sɛ wonni aduru biara de, nanso Birdshot Chorioretinopathy yɛ yare a wotumi sa . Ɛho hia sɛ wohu ntɛm na ama wɔatumi ayɛ ayaresa.

Hena na wonya Birdshot Chorioretinopathy?

Nokwarem no, saa yare yi betumi aba obiara so. Nanso ɛtaa ba wɔ mpanyimfo a wɔadi mfe mfinimfini, aborɔfo a wɔadi fi mfe 40 kosi 60. Ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ mmofra benya saa yare yi.

So nyarewa afoforo bi wɔ hɔ a ɛte sɛ eyi (Birdshot Chorioretinopathy)?

Yiw, nyarewa afoforo pii, a nyarewa afoforo a ɛwɔ Uveitis kuw no mu ka ho, betumi anya sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛte sɛ Birdshot Chorioretinopathy. Enti, ɛho hia paa sɛ wubehu yare no pɛpɛɛpɛ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubetumi anya ayaresa a ɛfata. Nyarewa a ebetumi ayɛ sɛ BSCR no bi ne:

• Lymphoma (kokoram bi) .
• Sarcoidosis (yare bi a ɛma nipadua no afã horow hohoro nketenkete) .
• `(Sympathetic ophthalmia)` (Uveitis a ɛntaa nsi a efi aniwa mu opira mu ba) .
• Syphilis (yare a wonya fi nna mu) .
• `(Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS))` (Tebea a ɛka aniwa a fungal yare mmoawa de ba)
• `(Nsanyare)` (Nsamanwaw) .
• `(Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome)` (yare a ɛka ntini ahorow, ɛka anisoadehu ne aso)

Afei nso, nyarewa a ɛma obi ho hyehye no kuw bi wɔ hɔ a wɔfrɛ no ``White dot syndromes'', a ɛno nso betumi ada BSCR ho sɛnkyerɛnne adi. Eyinom de ``akuru'' ba retina ne choroid no so. Nhwɛso ahorow bi ne:

• `(Acute akyi multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE))`
• `(Multifocal choroiditis ne panuveitis (MCP))`
• `(Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS))`
• `(Punctate mu ntini mu yare (PIC))`

Dɛn nti na wɔfrɛ eyi (Birdshot Chorioretinopathy)?

Eyi yɛ yare foforo koraa ankasa, wodii kan kaa ho asɛm wɔ afe 1949. Ɛyɛ afe 1980 mu ansa na aniwa ho animdefo baanu too din "(Birdshot Chorioretinopathy)". Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ nsensanee a ɛyɛ krim ne borɔdɔma a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa a apete retina no nyinaa mu. Edin no fi nokwasɛm a ɛyɛ sɛ sɛnea saa nsensanee yi te no te sɛ atuo nketewa (nnomaa a wɔtow) a wɔde tow nnomaa tuo no. Fa no sɛ, nsensanee bi wɔ aniwa no mu, te sɛ atuo a ɛpete bere a wɔtow tuo no.

So edin afoforo wɔ hɔ a wɔde frɛ eyi?

Yiw, edin afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a wɔde frɛ yare no (Birdshot Chorioretinopathy):

• `(Nnomaa a wɔde wɔn ayɛ chorioretinitis)`
• `(Nnomaa a wɔde wɔn ayɛ retinochoroiditis)`
• `(Nnomaa a wɔde wɔn yɛ retinochoroidopathy)`
• `(Nnomaa a wɔde wɔn ayɛ uveitis)`
• `(BSCR)` (edin tiawa) .
• `(Posterior uveitis)` (uveitis a ɛba aniwa akyi) .
• `(Vitiliginous choroiditis)`

Birdshot Chorioretinopathy abu so dɛn?

Eyi yɛ yare a ɛntaa nsi koraa . Nhwehwɛmufo gye di sɛ ɛka nnipa a ennu mpem ɔha biara mu biako. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wɔ Sri Lanka mpo no, ebia nnipa a wɔwɔ saa yare yi wɔ hɔ, nanso dodow no sua koraa.

Dɛn na ɛde Birdshot Chorioretinopathy ba?

Nhwehwɛmufo da so ara nnim nea ɛde yare no ba ankasa , nanso wosusuw sɛ ɛyɛ yare a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa . Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, yɛn nipadua no ankasa ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe, nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no di mfomso tow hyɛ yɛn ankasa ntini a ɛte apɔw so.

Nnipa bɛboro 90% a wɔahu sɛ wɔwɔ (BSCR) no wɔ antibody gene (molecules a ɛkanyan nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa) a wɔfrɛ no `(HLA-A29)` wɔ wɔn nipadua mu. Eyi yɛ biribi a wonya fi awofo hɔ. Nanso, `(HLA-A29)` ho nhia na ama obi anya (Birdshot Chorioretinopathy). Afei nso, ebetumi aba sɛ obi benya saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm a ɛko tia nyarewa yi nanso ɔrennya yare no.

Dɛn ne Birdshot Chorioretinopathy ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Saa yare yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho. WeiYare a ɛkɔ so yɛ den yɛ yare a emu yɛ den nkakrankakra wɔ asram kosi mfe bi mu.

Birdshot Chorioretinopathy ho sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan no taa yɛ:

• Nneɛma tuntum a ɛsensɛn aniwa anim a wuhu (floaters) .
• Anisoadehu a ɛyɛ kusuu

Mpɛn pii no, tebea yi mma aniwa nyɛ no yaw anaasɛ ɛnyɛ kɔkɔɔ . Nanso, ebia wubehyia nea edidi so yi:

• Anisoadehu sesa anaasɛ anisoadehu so tew.
• Anisoadehu a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri a ɛso tew anaasɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobebu akyirikyiri atɛn.
• Nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro wɔ aniwa mu (ocular hypertension).
• Anadwo anifurae (nyctalopia) (anadwo a wonhu ade yiye).
• Kɔla a wohu ho haw (`(kɔla anifurae)`), ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛkyerɛ nsonsonoe a ɛda kɔla ahorow bi ntam (`(dyschromatopsia)`.
• Hann a ɛhyerɛn anaasɛ hann a ɛhyerɛn (photophobia).

Ebia nnipa binom benya anisoadehu mu nsakrae a ɛyɛ soronko anaasɛ adwene mu haw ahorow. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Ceiling fan effect : Sɛ wokata w’ani a, ɛte sɛ nea ceiling fan anaa mframa afiri bi redi akɔneaba.
• Hann anaa hann a ɛhyerɛn a wuhu (photopsia) anaasɛ wuhu nsusuwii ahorow a wɔakyinkyim (metamorphopsia) .
• Anisoadehu a ɛyɛ kusuu na ɛhyerɛn, te sɛ nea ɔrehwɛ nsu anaa ahwehwɛ a ɛho agu fĩ mu .

Wɔ tebea horow a emu yɛ den mu no, tebea horow te sɛ atiridiinini anaa atiridiinini betumi aba. Eyinom betumi ama obi ani abere kɛse bere a wɔasa ɔfe no mpo awie no. Birdshot Chorioretinopathy nso betumi de ɔhaw ahorow aba retina no mfinimfini, te sɛ cystoid macular edema ne epiretinal membranes.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu sɛ obi anya Birdshot Chorioretinopathy?

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebetumi ayɛ den kakra sɛ wobehu saa yare yi efisɛ ɛyɛ yare a ɛntaa nsi na ebia nsensanee a ɛda nsow no renhu wɔ yare no mfiase.

Aniwa ho animdefo taa nam aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu so hu BSCR. Wɔsan nso yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu de hwɛ sɛ wowɔ HLA-A29 antibody no anaa.

Ebia nnuruyɛfo de nhwehwɛmu ahorow bedi dwuma de ahwɛ wo bere a bere kɔ so no. Ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo di nkitaho na ama woanya ɔhwɛ a wuhia.

So aduru bi wɔ hɔ a edi mũ a wɔde sa Birdshot Chorioretinopathy?

Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, wonni saa yare yi ano aduru a edi mũ . Nanso, sɛ wohu yare no na wɔsa no ntɛm a , wobetumi atew yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne so na wɔasiw yare no ano na ansɛe.

Kae: adeɛ a ɛho hia paa ne sɛ wobɛhunu yareɛ no ntɛm na woafi ayaresa ase!

Henanom na wobetumi aka m’ayaresa kuw no ho?

Wo hwɛ kuw no bɛkamfo ayaresa ahorow akyerɛ wo, ahwɛ wo so, na wɔayɛ nsakrae wɔ wo nnuru no mu a egyina wo tebea ne nea efi mu ba so. Ebia wo kuw no bi ne:

• Aniwa ho ɔyaresafo : Oduruyɛfo titiriw a ɔhwɛ aniwa so.
• Nephrologist : Efisɛ ayaresa ahorow bi ka asaabo no.
• Ocular immunologist: Oduruyɛfo a wanya ntetee titiriw wɔ ɔhaw ahorow a ɛfa aniwa no nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa ho.
• Rheumatologist: Oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw wɔ nyarewa a ɛfa ɔfe a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu ho, efisɛ eyi nso yɛ yare a ɛma ɔfe.
• Nnompe ho ɔyaresafo : Efisɛ ayaresa ahorow bi ka nnompe no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa Birdshot Chorioretinopathy?

Saa yare yi ayaresa gyina sɛnea wo tebea no mu yɛ den ne sɛnea ɛsakra bere kɔ so no so. Botae titiriw a ɛwɔ ayaresa mu ne sɛ ɛbɛtew w'ani a ɛho ahonhon so na asiw anisoadehu a ayera no bi ano anaasɛ ɛbɛsan de aba .

Mpɛn pii no, nnuruyɛfo di kan kyerɛw corticosteroids (aduru bi a wɔde yɛ steroid) dodow a ɛdɔɔso ma de siw aniwa a ɛho ahonhon ano. Afei, wɔtew dodow a wɔde ma no so nkakrankakra na ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ebefi mu aba no so atew. Wubetumi anya steroid wɔ akwan a edidi so yi so:

• Aniwa mu nsu a ɛtɔ
• Nnuru a wɔnom
• Mfiri ketewaa bi a wɔde oprehyɛn hyɛ aniwa no mu (intravitreal implant) .
• Injection a wɔde twitwiw nipadua no mu
• Wɔde ma kɔ ntini bi mu (IV - a wɔde fa ntini mu) .

Ɛsɛ sɛ nnipa pii nso nom nnuru a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa bere tenten . Saa nnuru yi mma wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ntumi ntow nhyɛ w’ani so. Wobetumi de nea edidi so yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa adi dwuma:

• `(Nneɛma a ɛma alkylating)`
• `(Nnuru a ɛko tia metabolite)`
• `(Nnuru a ɛma abɔde a nkwa wom)` (nnuru a ɛwɔ abɔde mu) .
• `(T-nkwaboaa a wɔde ma/calcineurin inhibitors)`

So Birdshot Chorioretinopathy (Birdshot Chorioretinopathy) ayaresa betumi de ɔhaw ahorow aba?

Yiw, steroid ne nnuru a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa a wɔde di dwuma bere tenten no betumi de ɔhaw ahorow a emu yɛ den aba . Sɛ nhwɛso no, yafunu mu haw (akuru, akuru) anaa nnompe mu haw (nnompe mu yare) betumi aba. Saa nnuru yi nso betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw anaa atiridiinini no ayɛ kɛse.

Wo duruyɛfo bɛhwɛ wo so sɛ ebia nneɛma bɔne biara nni wo so na sɛ ɛho hia a, ɔbɛkyerɛw wo nnuru afoforo. Sɛ worenom steroid a wɔnom a, wo duruyɛfo bɛhwɛ sɛ nnompe asɛe (nnompe mu yare) ne asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛbubu anaa.

Wo duruyɛfoEbia wɔbɛkamfo akyerɛ nso sɛ wɔnyɛ nnompe mu duru ho nhwehwɛmu. Wobetumi nso akyerɛw nnuru (bisphosphonates) ama obi de asiw nnompe a ɛbɛyera ano.

Bere tenten nhwehwɛmu bɛn na mihia ma (BSCR)?

Hu nsakrae anaa nsɛnnennen biara a ɛbɛba wo tebea no mu. Wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ mogya ne nsu mu nhwehwɛmu de ahwɛ sɛnea w’asaabo, mmerɛbo, ne nnompe mu ntini reyɛ adwuma yiye. Ɛda adi sɛ wubehia nso sɛ wɔyɛ w’ani mu nhwehwɛmu daa, wɔyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu, ne optical coherence tomography (OCT) scan.

So metumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ menya Birdshot Chorioretinopathy no so?

Mprempren wonnim ɔkwan biara a wɔbɛfa so asiw yare yi ano. Mpɛn pii no, wogye di sɛ efi awosu mu abɔde pɔtee bi a ɛko tia nyarewa (antigen) a wonya fi abusua no mufo hɔ.

Aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa betumi aboa ma woahu yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne ntɛm, enti sɛ ɛho hia a, wubetumi anya ayaresa wɔ bere a ɛsɛ mu. Sɛ obi wɔ w’abusua mu a ɔwɔ aniwa mu haw a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.

Dɛn ne Birdshot Chorioretinopathy ho anidaso?

Ɛsono sɛnea obi benya yare yi . Egyina sɛnea tebea no mu yɛ den ne sɛnea ayaresa no di yiye so. Wɔ tebea horow a emu nyɛ den mu no, ayaresa betumi aboa ma wɔakɔ so ahwɛ ade yiye anaasɛ ama atumi atu mpɔn mpo.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu ma (Birdshot Chorioretinopathy)?

Ɛho hia sɛ wɔhwehwɛ ntɛm ara hu yare no na wɔsa no yare fi aniwa ho oduruyɛfo hɔ ma Birdshot Chorioretinopathy. Sɛ ɛte sɛ nea w’ani da hɔ yiye mpo a, aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu betumi ahu sɛ wo ho ahonhon a ɛba fam.

Ka nsunsuanso bɔne biara, nsakrae a ɛba wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow mu, anaa anisoadehu a efi w’aduru no mu ho asɛm kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Ebia wɔbɛma wo aduru foforo sɛ ɛho hia a. Wo duruyɛfo no ne wo bɛkasa afa akwan horow a eye ma wo ho.

Nkrasɛm a Etwa To a Wɔde Kɔ Fie

(Birdshot Chorioretinopathy) yɛ yare a ɛntaa nsi nanso wotumi sa . Enti mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛhwɛ w’ani daa na woadi wo duruyɛfo nyansahyɛ ahorow akyi . Bere kɔ so no, wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo sɛnea wobɛbɔ w’ani so na woasiw nsɛnnennen ano. Afei wubetumi ahu wiase no yiye akyɛ koraa. Hwɛ w’ani, efisɛ ɛsom bo paa!

` Birdshot Chorioretinopathy, Aniwa Nyarewa, Anisoadehu a Ɛnyɛ Den, Uveitis, Retina, Autoimmune Nyarewa, Aniwa Ayaresa