Sɛ oduruyɛfo no de sɔhwɛ ho amanneɛbɔ ma wo na ɔka sɛ, “Wo biopsy amanneɛbɔ ni” a, ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu nka kakra, wopɛ sɛ wuhu nneɛma pii, na wobisabisa wo nsɛm pii mpo. Sɛ yehu aduruyɛ mu nsɛmfua ne akontaahyɛde ahorow a ɛwɔ mu a, yentumi nte ase yiye. Esiane eyi nti, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ehu ka yɛn a ɛho nhia. Enti, ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka sɛnea wobɛte amanneɛbɔ a ɛho hia sen biara a wunya a ɛfa kokoram ho yi ase, Pathology Report, a wunsuro.
Nea edi kan koraa no, dɛn ne Pathology Report?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wɔfa oprehyɛn anaa nipadua mu ntini ketewaa bi fi wo nipadua no fã bi a wosusuw sɛ ɛwɔ hɔ na wɔde kɔ aduruyɛdan mu ma wɔyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu. Oduruyɛfo bi wɔ hɔ a ne ho akokwaw wɔ saa ntini yi mu. Yɛfrɛ no Ɔyare Ho Ɔbenfo . Ɔhwɛ saa ntini yi wɔ afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete mu, yɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo, na osiesie krataa bi a wɔfrɛ no Pathology Report a nsɛm a ɛho hia yiye te sɛ sɛ ebia kokoram nkwammoaa wɔ mu, sɛ ɛte saa a, nea ɛyɛ, ne sɛ ebia atrɛw ka ho.
Oduruyɛfo a ɔsa wo yare no begyina nsɛm a ɛwɔ amanneɛbɔ yi mu titiriw so asi ayaresa a eye sen biara ma wo ho gyinae. Ɛno nti na ɛho hia paa no.
Dɛn na ɛwɔ amanneɛbɔ no mu?
Amanneɛbɔ ahorow yi betumi ayɛ soronko kakra a egyina kokoram ko a obi wɔ so. Nanso nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a ɛtaa ba a wɔtaa hu wɔ amanneɛbɔ ahorow nyinaa mu. Momma yɛnka wɔn ho asɛm mmiako mmiako.
1. W’ankasa ne nhwɛsode ho nsɛm (Identifying Information) .
Nea ɛka eyi ho ne wo din, da a wɔwoo wo, ayaresabea nɔma, ne wo duruyɛfo, ɔyare ho ɔbenfo a ɔyɛɛ ntini mu nhwehwɛmu no, ne aduruyɛdan no ho nsɛm. Ɛsan nso ka baabi a wɔfaa nhwɛsode no wɔ nipadua no mu ne sɛ ebia wɔnam oprehyɛn anaasɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu so nyaa no.
2. Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a Ɛyɛ Den
Eyi yɛ mmerɛw yiye. Ansa na ɔbenfo no de afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete bɛhwɛ ntini asinasin no, ɔkyerɛw ntini a wotumi de aniwa hu no ho nsɛm. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ne kɛse (mpɛn pii no wɔde sɛntimita), ne mu duru, ne kɔla, ne ne nsusuwii . Nanso kae sɛ kokoram akisikuru kɛse yɛ asɛm no fã bi kɛkɛ. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, akisikuru akɛse tumi nyin brɛoo sen akisikuru nketewa.
3. Microscopic Nkyerɛkyerɛmu
Ɛha na amanneɛbɔ no mu nsɛm a ɛho hia na ɛyɛ den sen biara no wɔ. Eyi ne baabi a ɔyare ho ɔbenfo no kyerɛw nea ohu bere a watwitwa ntini no mu ayɛ no asinasin a ɛyɛ tratraa yiye , de aduru soronko bi apete so, na ɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete a ano yɛ den ahwɛ awie no to hɔ. Nsɛm pii ka ɔfã yi ho, te sɛ sɛnea kokoram nkwammoaa no te, sɛnea wɔde toto nkwammoaa a ɛteɛ ho, ne sɛ ebia wɔatrɛw akɔ ntini a atwa ho ahyia mu anaa.
Nsɛmfua bi wɔ hɔ a ɛho hia yiye wɔ ɔfã yi mu a ɛbɛkyerɛ wo kwan wɔ wo yare no a wobehu ne ayaresa mu. Momma yɛnte wɔn ase yiye.
| Asɛmfua a wɔaka ho asɛm wɔ amanneɛbɔ no mu no | Nkyerɛase a ɛyɛ mmerɛw |
|---|---|
| Aba | Eyi kyerɛ sɛnea kokoram nkwammoaa no yɛ soronko (ɛnyɛ ne kwan so) wɔ nkwammoaa a wɔwɔ apɔwmuden ho. Dodow a abasobɔde no kɔ soro no, dodow no ara na kokoram no betumi anyin na atrɛw.
|
| Invasive / Nea ɛnyɛ nea wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu | Ɛnyɛ nea ɛkɔ nipadua no mu (in situ): Eyi kyerɛ sɛ kokoram no wɔ ntini a efii ase no nkutoo mu. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ɛntrɛw nkɔ mmeae a atwa ho ahyia no. Eyi yɛ tebea pa. Invasive: Eyi kyerɛ sɛ kokoram no atrɛw akɔ akyiri asen baabi a efii ase, akɔ ntini a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden a atwa ho ahyia no mu. |
| Tumor Margin (Akisikuru no Akyi). | Sɛ oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn no yi kokoram akisikuru no fi hɔ a, oyi ntini ketewaa bi a ahoɔden wom a atwa ho ahyia no fi hɔ. Wɔfrɛ saa ntini a ɛte apɔw no sɛ margin. Wɔhwɛ margin no mu hwɛ sɛ kokoram nkwammoaa wɔ hɔ anaa.
|
| Ntini a Ɛma Ntini Mu Ntini | Akisikuru yɛ yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no afã horow. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na yɛahu sɛ kokoram no atrɛw anaa no, yeyi akisikuru kakraa bi a ɛbɛn akisikuru no na yɛsɔ hwɛ.
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| Mitotic Rate a Ɛyɛ Fɛ | Eyi kyerɛ sɛnea kokoram nkwammoaa mu kyekyɛ ntɛmntɛm na enyin. Botae a ɛkorɔn kyerɛ sɛ kokoram no renya nkɔso ntɛmntɛm. |
4. Kokoram Fam
Eyi yɛ biribi a nnipa pii pɛ sɛ wohu. Kokoram fã no yɛ sɛnea kokoram no kɛse te ne baabi a atrɛw akodu no ho mfonini nyinaa. Wɔde nhyehyɛe bi a wɔfrɛ no TNM nhyehyɛe na ɛkyerɛ eyi .
- T (Tumor): Kokoram akisikuru a edi kan no kɛse ne ne su.
- N (Nodes): Sɛ́ ebia kokoram no atrɛw akɔ ntini a ɛbɛn hɔ mu anaasɛ ɛnte saa.
- M ( Metastasis ): Sɛ́ ebia kokoram no atrɛw akɔ akwaa afoforo (e.g. mmerɛbo , ahurututu , amemene) mu akyirikyiri wɔ baabi a efii ase no.
Wogyina saa TNM gyinapɛn ahorow yi so ma kokoram no fã a ɛyɛ ne nyinaa denam Romafo akontaahyɛde I, II, III, ne IV a wɔde di dwuma so. Stage I ne ɔfã a edi kan koraa. Ɔfã IV ne ɔfã a ɛkɔ akyiri sen biara, bere a kokoram no atrɛw kɛse no. Kokoram ahorow bi nso wɔ ɔfã bi a wɔfrɛ no Stage 0. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ kokoram no ntrɛwee na ɛwɔ ne mfiase.
5. Nhwehwɛmu a etwa to ne nsɛm foforo a wɔka
Wɔ amanneɛbɔ no awiei no, ɔyare ho ɔbenfo no bɛbɔ atifi hɔ nsɛm no nyinaa mua na ɔde n’asɛm a etwa to ama. Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ ɔyare no a wohu . Eyi bɛkyerɛ kokoram ko, ne grade, lymph node tebea, margin tebea, ne kokoram no gyinabea pefee.
Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛ yareɛ no a wɔahu no yɛ den kakra a, amanneɛbɔ no nso betumi de Comment ɔfã bi aka ho de akyerɛkyerɛ mu anaasɛ ahyɛ nyansa sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo.
Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ, mma w’ankasa nkenkan amanneɛbɔ yi kɛkɛ na wuhuruw nkɔ nsɛm a ɛba awiei. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛkyerɛ asɛmfua biara ne nsɛm biara a ɛwɔ mu mu akyerɛ wo. Bisa no nsɛmmisa, nsɛm a ɛhaw wo, anaa adwenem naayɛ biara a ebia wowɔ.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Wo kokoram yare ho amanneɛbɔ yɛ krataa a ɛho hia yiye a ɛboa wo ma wusi gyinae wɔ wo tebea no ne daakye ayaresa ho.
- Nsɛmfua te sɛ Grade, Stage, Margin, ne Lymph Node Status kyerɛkyerɛ kokoram no su, baabi a ɛkɔ, ne sɛnea emu yɛ den mu.
- Sɛ amanneɛbɔ no ka sɛ Negative Margin (kokoram nkwammoaa biara nni ɔhye no so) ne Negative Lymph Nodes (kokoram nkwammoaa biara nni ntini no mu) a, ɛno yɛ asɛmpa kɛse.
- Sɛ wowɔ adwenem naayɛ anaa nsɛmmisa bi wɔ biribiara a ɛwɔ amanneɛbɔ yi mu ho a, yɛsrɛ wo bisa wo duruyɛfo ma ɔmma wo nkyerɛkyerɛmu. Ɛho nhia sɛ yesuro anaa yɛn ani wu. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wɔbɛbɔ wo amanneɛ yiye.
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