So w’akyi berɛmo mu ntini ahorow na ɛde wo ho to wo ho na wote yaw? Momma yensua dermatomes ho ade!

So woate nka pɛn sɛ wo nsa anaa wo nan fã biako yɛ mmerɛw bere nyinaa, anaasɛ ɛyɛ wo yaw kɛkɛ? Ɛtɔ da bi a, yesusuw sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ saa abasa anaa nan no ho. Nanso nea ɛde ba no betumi ayɛ akyirikyiri koraa ankasa, wɔ ntini bi a efi w’akyi berɛmo mu ba mu. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka yɛn nipadua ho ‘ntini ho mfonini’ a ɛyɛ nwonwa yi ho asɛm. Wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ eyi dermatome. Eyi yɛ asɛmti a ɛyɛ anigye yiye, momma yɛnhwɛ nea ɛyɛ.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne dermatome?

Dermatome yɛ din a wɔde frɛ yɛn nipadua no honam ani fã pɔtee bi. Nanso ɛnyɛ honam ani fã bi kɛkɛ. Wɔhwɛ mmeae yi mu biara so, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ntini pɔtee bi a ɛwɔ yɛn akyi berɛmo (akyi berɛmo) mu na ɛde saa beae no nkate (nkate) kɔ amemene no mu.

Susuw ho saa kwan yi so. W’akyi berɛmo te sɛ ɔkwan kɛse bi. Nsɛm (ntini mu nsɛnkyerɛnne) tu kwan kɔ soro ne fam wɔ ɔkwan kɛse yi so, kɔ amemene no mu ne nipadua no afã afoforo. Akwan nketenkete bi wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so kɔ ɔkwan kɛse yi so na wofi mu ba. Saa akwan a ɛkɔ akyiri no ne akyi berɛmo mu ntini a efi yɛn akyi berɛmo mu ba. Wɔde ɔkwan biara a ɛkɔ akyiri no bata nipadua no fã pɔtee bi ho. Wɔfrɛ saa honam ani fã pɔtee no dermatome.

Saa abusuabɔ yi yɛ adwuma wɔ akwan abien no nyinaa so.

1. Efi amemene mu kɔ nipadua mu: Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wode wo nsa tu a, sɛnkyerɛnne a efi w’amemene mu no fa w’akyi berɛmo mu na ɛfa ntini a ɛfata no mu kɔ ntini a ɛwɔ wo basa mu no mu.

2. Efi nipadua no mu kɔ amemene no mu: Sɛ woto nsu a ɛyɛ hyew gu wo nsa so a, nkate no fi honam ani fa ntini a ɛfa ho no mu kɔ akyi berɛmo no mu na efi hɔ kɔ amemene no mu, na ɛma wote nka sɛ "wo nsa rehyew." Saa na biribiara te nka, a nea ɛka ho ne nsa a wɔde ka, awɔw, ɔhyew, ne ɛyaw.

Enti, ɔkwan bɛn so na saa dermatome map yi ho hia oduruyɛfo?

Eyi ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara. Sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo hyew, wote ɛyaw, anaasɛ wo ho nyɛ wo den wɔ wo nipadua no baabiara a, wo duruyɛfo betumi de saa dermatome map yi adi dwuma de ahu baabi a ɔhaw no wɔ.

Fa no sɛ wo nsateaa kɔ so yɛ mmerɛw. Sɛ wo duruyɛfo hwɛ dermatome map no a, onim sɛ ntini a ɛma wo nsateaa te nka no ne awotwaa mu akyi berɛmo a ɛto so asia (C6). Afei ebia obesusuw sɛ ɔhaw no nni wo nsam, na mmom wo kɔn mu. Ebia diski bi a ɛda w’awotwaa mu akyi berɛmo biako ntam no ahwe ase na ɛrepiapia ntini no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na saa dermatomes yi wɔ yɛn nipadua mu?

Gye yɛn anim nkutoo a, dermatomes akata yɛn nipadua nyinaa so. (Anim ntini no ne amemene no wɔ abusuabɔ tẽẽ, enti ɛnfa akyi berɛmo no mu.) Eyinom te sɛ abɔso a atwa yɛn nipadua ho ahyia.

Nea ɛbɛyɛ na yɛate eyi ase no, momma yenni kan nsua yɛn akyi berɛmo no afã horow no ho ade.

• Cervical Spine: Eyi wɔ kɔn mu. Ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo 7 ne ntini abien abien 8 (C1 kosi C8).
• Thoracic Spine: Eyi wɔ akyi fã a ɛwɔ soro ne mfinimfini. Ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo 12 ne ntini abien abien 12 (T1 kosi T12).
• Lumbar Spine: Eyi wɔ w’akyi akyi. Ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo 5 ne ntini abien abien 5 (L1 kosi L5).
• Sacral Spine: Eyi ne baabi a akyi berɛmo no ne asen dompe no di nkitaho. Ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo 5 (a ɛka bom wɔ mpanyin afe so) ne ntini abien abien 5 (S1 kosi S5).
• Coccygeal Spine: Eyi ne yɛn dua dompe. Ɛyɛ akyi berɛmo bɛyɛ 4 a wɔaka abom. Ɛwɔ ntini abien biako.

Afei ma yɛnhwɛ nipadua no afã horow a saa ntini ahorow yi mu biara ne no di nkitaho.

Dermatomes a ɛbata awotwaa mu ntini ho (Cervical Nerves - C1-C8) .

Ntini a efi kɔn mu ba no ne ti, kɔn, mmati, abasa, ne nsateaa titiriw na ɛka bom.

Dermatomes a ɛne Thoracic Nerves (T1-T12) wɔ abusuabɔ .

Saa ntini ahorow yi ne koko, yafunu, ne akyi titiriw na ɛka bom. Wɔte sɛ abɔso a wɔde abɔ nipadua no ho.

Dermatomes a ɛbata Lumbar Nerves (L1-L5) ho .

Saa ntini ahorow yi a efi akyi ase no bata asen, anan, ne anan ho.

Ntini a Ɛma Akyi ne Asen (S1-S5) .

Saa ntini ahorow yi na ɛka asen, nan akyi, ne ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna ho.

Tebea bɛn na ɛka dermatomes?

Dermatome ho sɛnkyerɛnne fi ɔhaw bi a ɛwɔ ntini anaa akyi berɛmo a ɛne no wɔ abusuabɔ no mu. Nneɛma pii nti na ɔhaw a ɛtete saa betumi aba:

• Akwanhyia: Akyi berɛmo anaa ntini ntini a ɛsɛe esiane kar akwanhyia, asehwe, sekan a wɔde bɔ obi, ne nea ɛkeka ho nti.
• Akyi berɛmo mu akisikuru anaa kokoram: Akisikuru a ɛba akyi berɛmo mu no betumi ama ntini ahorow no ayɛ den.
• Nyarewa: Mmoawa anaa ɔyare mmoawa a ɛka akyi berɛmo anaa ntini ahorow no betumi ama ntini no ho ahon na ayɛ ntini no.
• Mogya a ɛso tew (Ischemia): Mogya ntini a ɛma akyi berɛmo ne ntini ahorow no siw.
• Tebea horow a wonya fi awo mu: Akyi berɛmo mu dɛmdi a ɛba bere a wɔawo no, te sɛ akyi berɛmo mu yare.
• Herniated Disk: Yɛn nyinaa nim tebea a wɔfrɛ no ‘herniated disk’ no. Wɔ eyi mu no, diski bi a ɛda akyi berɛmo no ntam no puw fi adi na ɛmia ntini bi.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ebetumi aba wɔ ɔhaw bi a ɛfa honam ani yare ho mu

Yebetumi akyekyɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu akuw atitiriw abiɛsa.

Sɔhwɛ bɛn na wɔyɛ de hu ɔhaw ahorow yi?

Bere a wo duruyɛfo atie wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne na wahwɛ wo akyi no, ebia ɔde wo bɛkɔ akɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu te sɛ eyinom na ama wɔahu nea ɛde ba ankasa.

• CT Scan (Computed Tomography): Eyi betumi aboa ma wɔahu sɛnea akyi berɛmo no nnompe te yiye.
• MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Ɛnyɛ akyi berɛmo no nnompe nko na eyi betumi ama yɛahu pefee, na mmom akyi berɛmo, ntini, ne ntini a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo no nso.
• EMG sɔhwɛ (Electromyogram): Eyi sɔ ntini ne ntini ahorow dwumadi hwɛ, kyerɛ sɛ, sɛnea anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne tu kwan. Eyi boa ma wohu sɛ ebia ntini bi asɛe anaa.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ de bɔ yɛn akyi berɛmo ne yɛn ntini ho ban?

Dermatome yɛ asɛm a ɛfa yɛn akyi berɛmo akwahosan ho. Enti, akyi berɛmo a wɔbɛma ayɛ apɔwmuden no ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara.

• Fa ahobammɔ ho nhyehyɛe di dwuma: Hyɛ ahobammɔ bɛlt yiye bere a wote kar mu no. Sɛ woreyɛ adwuma wɔ soro a, hyɛ ahobammɔ hama.
• Hwɛ yiye bere a worema nneɛma a emu yɛ duru so: Sɛ worema nneɛma a emu yɛ duru so a , kotow wo nkotodwe, na ɛnyɛ w’akyi . Ma w’akyi nyɛ tẽẽ. Kwati sɛ wobɛma nneɛma a emu yɛ duru so sɛ w’akyi haw a.
• Bɔ wo ho ban fi asehwe ho: Ma apon, titiriw wɔ aguaree ne antweri so, nsie a ɛnhwe ase. Fa nsateaa a wɔde hyɛ mu hyehyɛ mu sɛ ɛho hia a.
• Ma wo nnompe nyɛ den: Di nnuan a calcium ne vitamin D pii wom. Nyarewa a ɛma nnompe yɛ mmerɛw te sɛ nnompe mu yare betumi ama akyi berɛmo no abubu ntɛmntɛm.
• Kɔ so gyina hɔ yiye: Ma w’akyi nyɛ tẽẽ bere a wote hɔ na wugyina hɔ no. Mma ntra gyinabea koro no ara mu nkyɛ dodo. Sɔre na anyɛ yiye koraa no nantew pɛnkoro dɔnhwerew fã biara.

Saa adwene a ɛfa dermatomes ho yi yɛ sɛnea yɛn nipadua no yɛ den na wɔayɛ no nwonwaso no ho nhwɛso pa. Sɛ worehyia akisikuru anaa ɛyaw te sɛ eyi a, mmu w’ani ngu so, na akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn kɔhwehwɛ afotu.