Sɛ wowɔ asikreyare a, ebia wunim sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ w’ani so titiriw. Nanso dɛn nti na woka saa? Ɔkwan bɛn so na asikreyare betumi asɛe w’ani? Ɛno ne nea yɛreka ho asɛm nnɛ. Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no asikreyare retinopathy . Eyi yɛ nsɛnnennen atitiriw a asikreyare de ba no mu biako. Enti ɛho hia yiye sɛ wohu eyi.
Dɛn ne Asikreyare Retinopathy?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi yɛ tebea a ɛka aniwa esiane asikreyare nti. Wɔ yɛn aniwa akyi no, ntini bi a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye na ɛho hia a wɔfrɛ no retina . Ɛte sɛ sini a ɛwɔ mfoninitwa afiri mu no. Ɛyɛ baabi a hann a efi nneɛma a yehu mu no dan mfonini. Enti sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a saa retina yi bɛkɔ so ayɛ apɔwmuden no, ɛwɔ mogya ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye a ɛma no mogya.
Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ asikreyare asikre dodow a ɛkɔ soro a ontumi nhyɛ so bere tenten a, mogya ntini nketenkete yi sɛe. Wɔhohoro, nsu anaa mogya tu, anaasɛ wɔsiw koraa. Eyi yɛ tebea a yɛfrɛ no asikreyare retinopathy.
Eyi taa ka aniwa abien no nyinaa. Sɛ wɔansa no yiye a, retina no betumi ayɛ akuru, nkakrankakra ahwere aniwa, na awiei koraa no, ama anifurae koraa . Saa tebea yi ne ade titiriw a ɛma nnipa a wɔwɔ asikreyare no nhu ade yiye.
Dɛn ne yare yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw?
Yebetumi aka yare yi ho asɛm wɔ akwan titiriw abien so: nea edi kan ne nea ɛyɛ den a ɛba bere a yare no mu yɛ den no.
Mfiase (Asikreyare a ɛnyɛ nea ɛdɔɔso - NPDR) .
Eyi ne yare no fã a edi kan. Nea ɛkɔ so wɔ eyi mu ne sɛ nsu anaa mogya kakra fi mogya ntini nketenkete a ɛwɔ retina a madi kan aka ho asɛm no mu. Eyi betumi ama retina no ahonhon. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, mogya ntini yi hohoro na ɛyɛ akuru nketenkete a ɛte sɛ balloon (microaneurysms).
Saa bere yi de, ebia worenhu nsonsonoe kɛse biara wɔ w’anisoadehu mu. Ebia w’aniso ayɛ mmerɛw kakra. Nanso mpɛn pii no, w’ani ho oduruyɛfo na odi kan hu nsakrae yi bere a woreyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu afe biara no.
Asɛm a emu yɛ den anaasɛ ɛyɛ den (Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy - PDR) .
Eyi ne yare no fã a asiane wom sen biara. Nea ɛkɔ so wɔ ha ne sɛ, sɛ mogya ntini dedaw no siw a, mogya ntini foforo, nanso ɛnyɛ ne kwan so, na ɛyɛ mmerɛw fi ase hyehyɛ aniwa no mu. Esiane sɛ wɔanhyehyɛ mogya ntini foforo yi yiye nti, ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye na ɛnyɛ den sɛ ɛbɛpae.
Sɛ eyinom mu paapae a, mogya tu kɔ ade a ɛte sɛ jelly a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no mu (vitreous humor). Sɛ mogya no sua a, ebia wubehu nsensanee tuntum nketewa anaa nneɛma a ɛte sɛ asaawa a ɛrehuruhuruw wɔ w’ani anim (floaters).Wubetumi ahu. Nanso sɛ mogya no mu yɛ den a, ebia mpofirim ara w’ani bɛyera koraa.
Ntini a ɛyɛ akuru no twa mogya ntini foforo yi ho hyia. Sɛ saa akuru yi twetwe a, ebetumi ama retina no afi aniwa no akyi (retina detachment) . Saa mogya ntini a ɛnteɛ yi nso betumi ama nhyɛso a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu akɔ soro, na ɛde tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no glaucoma aba .
So wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi nso?
Ebia nnipa pii renhu sɛnkyerɛnne biara wɔ yare no mfiase. Ɛno nti na ɛyɛ hu saa no. Nanso bere a tebea no mu yɛ den kɛse no, ebia wubehyia nneɛma te sɛ:
- Anisoadehu a ɛyɛ kusuu.
- Anisoadehu dan kɔ anim ne akyi te sɛ nea ɛda adi pefee, afei ɛyɛ kusuu bio.
- Floaters yɛ nsensanee tuntum anaa nhama a ɛrehuruhuruw wɔ aniwa anim.
- Sɛ wuhu nsonsonoe anaa nsensanee tuntum wɔ w’anisoadehu no mfinimfini.
- Kɔla ahorow a wontumi nhu yiye.
- Anisoadehu a enye anadwo.
- Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛkenkan nhoma na woahu wɔ akyirikyiri.
- Ebia ɛyaw anaa nhyɛso a wɔte nka wɔ aniwa mu.
Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi bi a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a ɛnkyɛ.
Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse sɛ obenya saa yare yi?
Ade titiriw ne sɛ sɛ wowɔ asikreyare biara, sɛ́ ɛyɛ Asikreyare a Ɛto so 1, Ɔkwan a Ɛto so 2, anaa nyinsɛn mu asikreyare , a, wowɔ asiane mu sɛ wubenya saa tebea yi. Bere tenten a wowɔ asikreyare no, dodow no ara na asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no yɛ kɛse.
Nea ɛka ho no, nneɛma yi nso ma asiane no yɛ kɛse:
- Mogya mmoroso
- Cholesterol a ɛdɔɔso
- Tawa a wɔde di dwuma
- Nyinsɛn a wɔde di dwuma
- Obolo
- Asaabo mu yare
- Awosu mu nneɛma
| Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛe | Ayaresa |
|---|---|
| W’ani duruyɛfo betumi ahu saa tebea yi bere a woreyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu daa no. Ɔbɛtrɛw aniwa no mu na wahwɛ aniwa no mu. | Ɛsono ɔkwan a wɔfa so sa yare no gyina faako a yare no kɔ so. Akwan atitiriw pii wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so sa yare. |
| Sɔhwɛ titiriw bi a wɔfrɛ no Fluorescein Angiogram betumi akyerɛ baabi pɔtee a mogya ntini mu nsu a ɛretu no wɔ. | Anti-VEGF injections: Wɔde injection soronko bi gu aniwa no mu. Eyi ma mogya ntini a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so a ɛba no gyae. (Sɛ nhwɛso no: Aflibercept, Bevacizumab, Ranibizumab) |
| Scan bi a wɔfrɛ no Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) hwɛ sɛnea retina no mu duru te ne sɛ ebia nsu no ayɛ kɛse anaa. | Laser Oprehyɛn: Wɔde laser hann di dwuma de "kata" mogya ntini a ɛretu no ano. |
| Vitrectomy oprehyɛn: Sɛ mogya kɔ aniwa no mu na ɛma obi nhu ade yiye a, wɔyɛ oprehyɛn yi de yi mogya no. |
Yɛbɛyɛ dɛn atumi abɔ yɛn ho ban afi tebea a asiane wom yi ho?
Eyi ne ɔfã a ɛho hia sen biara. Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ de abɔ wo ho ban afi yare yi ho.
- Ade a ɛho hia sen biara: Ma asikre a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu ne wo mogya mmoroso nni hɔ. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nyɛ adwuma na yɛ eyi. Fa wo nnuru sɛnea wɔakyerɛw ama wo no.
- Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ: Kɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ma ɔnyɛ w’ani mu nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ anyɛ yiye koraa no pɛnkoro afe biara. Ntwɛn mma sɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne bɛda adi. Sɛ wohu ntɛm a, ayaresa betumi aboa ma woakora w’ani so.
- Sɛ woyɛ ɛna a onyinsɛn a: Sɛ woyɛ ɛna a onyinsɛn a wowɔ asikreyare a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛyɛ w’ani mu nhwehwɛmu wɔ asram abiɛsa a edi kan wɔ nyinsɛn no mu.
- Kwati sigaretnom: Sigaretnom ma tebea yi mu yɛ den.
- Cholesterol a wosiw ano: Hwɛ mogya mu srade dodow so.
- Asetra a ahoɔden wom: Di aduan a ɛkari pɛ na teɛteɛ w’apɔw mu.
Kae sɛ ebia yare yi rentumi nsa koraa. Nanso, sɛ wuhu ntɛm na wosa no yiye a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wubetumi asiw yare no ano na ansɛe na woakora w’anisoadehu a ɛsom bo no so .
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Asikreyare yɛ yare a ɛka aniwa tẽẽ, enti hwɛ w’ani so bere nyinaa.
- Ahobammɔ a eye sen biara a wubetumi de adi dwuma ne sɛ wobɛma asikre a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu ne wo mogya mmoroso so.
- Sɛ wunni sɛnkyerɛnne biara mpo a, ɛho hia sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, aniwa ho oduruyɛfo hwehwɛ w’ani mu pɛnkoro afe biara.
- Sɛ wuhu nsakrae biara wɔ w’ani so (e.g. ani a ɛyɛ kusuu, nsensanee tuntum) a, mmu w’ani ngu so. Kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a wonntwentwɛn wo nan ase.
- Ayaresa a wɔde ma ntɛm no betumi abɔ w’anisoadehu a ɛsom bo no ho ban nkwa nna nyinaa.
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