So woate nka sɛ sukɔm de wo a wuntumi nnyina ano nnansa yi ? So ɛsɛ sɛ wotaa kɔ aguaree? So wo mu duru so retew mpofirim? Anaasɛ wo nsa ne wo nan ho yɛ wo yaw? Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛpɛ sɛ wɔyɛ wo nhwehwɛmu hwɛ sɛ wowɔ asikreyare anaa. Nokwarem no, nnipa binom betumi anya asikreyare a wonhu sɛnkyerɛnne biara. Enti ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ de hu asikreyare no ho asɛm.
Dɛn ne Mogya mu Asikre?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Mogya Asikre anaa Mogya mu Glucose ne pɛtro titiriw a ɛma yɛn nipadua no nya ahoɔden. Ɛte sɛ pɛtro a wɔde yɛ kar. Yɛn nipadua no dan carbohydrates a ɛwɔ aduan a yedi mu no ma ɛbɛyɛ glucose (asikre), na ɛno na ɛma nipadua no mu nkwammoaa biara nya ahoɔden. Yɛn mmerɛbo nso yɛ saa glucose yi na ɛkora so. Sɛ yɛkɔ a yennnidi kakra a, nipadua no bɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛma asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu no akɔ so ayɛ nea ɛfata denam glucose a wɔde asie mmerɛbo no mu a ɛde bedi dwuma no so.
Afei, ɛha no, insulin hormone no di dwuma titiriw bi. Fa no sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no te sɛ afie, na glucose te sɛ aduan bi a saa afie no hia. Insulin te sɛ safe a ebue ɔpon no ma saa aduan a wɔde ahyɛ mu no kɔ fie hɔ.
Enti, sɛ wo nipadua no ntumi nyɛ insulin a ɛdɔɔso, anaasɛ insulin a wowɔ no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye (apon no ntumi mmue) a, dɛn na ɛba? Saa nnuan a wɔde ahyɛ mu (glucose) no ntumi nkɔ nkwammoaa no mu, na ɛboaboa ano wɔ mogya ntini no mu. Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no asikre a ɛkɔ soro wɔ mogya mu (Hyperglycemia) .
Sɛ asikre dodow kɔ so yɛ kɛse wɔ mogya mu bere tenten a yɛannya ayaresa a, ebetumi asɛe yɛn ntini, mogya ntini, aniwa, asaabo, ne koma. Ɛno nti na ɛho hia sɛ wuhu no ntɛm no.
Dɛn ne mogya mu nhwehwɛmu atitiriw a wɔde hu asikreyare?
Nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a nnuruyɛfo de hu sɛ wowɔ asikreyare anaa. Ebinom hwehwɛ sɛ wudi mmuada anadwo a edi kan no, na ebinom nso nhwehwɛ. Wo duruyɛfo no begyina wo sɛnkyerɛnne ne wo tebea so apaw nhwehwɛmu a ɛfata sen biara.
1. Mmuadadi Plasma Glucose (FPG) sɔhwɛ
Eyi ne sɔhwɛ a wɔtaa yɛ sen biara.
- Sɛnea wɔyɛ: Ɛnsɛ sɛ wudi anaa wonom biribiara anyɛ yiye koraa no nnɔnhwerew 8 ansa na wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ no (nsu kakra ye). Enti wɔtaa yɛ sɔhwɛ yi anɔpa. Wogye mogya ketewaa bi fi ntini bi a ɛwɔ wo nsa mu mu na wɔsɔ hwɛ wɔ aduruyɛdan mu.
- Momma yɛnte nea afi mu aba no ase:
- 99 mg/dL anaa nea ennu saa: Ne dodow a ɛfata
- Sɛ ɛyɛ 100 mg/dL kosi 125 mg/dL a:Asikreyare a edi kan. Ɛno kyerɛ tebea a asiane wom.
- Sɛ 126 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa (wɔ nna ahorow abien mu): Wohu sɛ ɛyɛ Asikreyare.
2. Plasma Glucose Test a Wɔyɛ no Bere Biara anaasɛ Wɔnyɛ no kwa
Eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔyɛ no ntɛm wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu anaasɛ obi a ɔwɔ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den.
- Sɛnea wɔyɛ: Ɛho nhia sɛ wudi mmuada ma eyi. Wɔfa mogya bere biara wɔ da no mu na wɔsɔ hwɛ.
- Momma yɛnte nea ebefi mu aba no ase: Sɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu yɛ 200 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa , na wowɔ asikreyare ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a, ɛda adi kɛse sɛ wowɔ asikreyare. Wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo de asi so dua.
3. Glucose a Wɔde Ma Wɔ Anom (OGTT) .
Saa sɔhwɛ yi kyerɛ sɛnea wo nipadua no tumi di asikre a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no so yiye. Wɔde di dwuma nso de hu asikreyare a ɛwɔ nyinsɛn mu bere a wɔyem no.
- Sɛnea wɔyɛ: Nea edi kan no, wɔfa mmuadadi mogya. Afei wɔma wo anonne a asikre wom. Afei wɔfa mogya foforo dɔnhwerew biako ne nnɔnhwerew abien akyi.
- Momma yɛnte nea efi mu ba no ase: Sɛ asikre dodow yɛ 200 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa wɔ nnɔnhwerew abien akyi a, wohu sɛ ɛyɛ asikreyare.
4. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) nhwehwɛmu
Eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia yiye.
- Sɛnea wɔyɛ: Eyi nhwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu da koro pɛ. Ɛhwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu wɔ asram 2-3 a atwam no mu . Ɛho nhia sɛ wudi mmuada ma eyi.
- Momma yɛnte nea afi mu aba no ase:
- Sɛ ennu 5.7% a: Normal level
- Sɛ ɛwɔ 5.7% kosi 6.4% a: Prediabetes
- Sɛ 6.5% anaa nea ɛboro saa (wɔ nna ahorow abien mu): Asikreyare
Nsεmfua a εwɔ ase ha no ma yεte saa sɔhwɛ ahodoɔ yi ase yie.
| Sɔhwɛ no din | Daa daa | Asikreyare a edi kan | Asikyireyareɛ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mmuadadi mu Glucose (FPG) . | 99 mg/dL anaa nea ennu saa | 100 – 125 mg/dL na ɛyɛ adwuma | 126 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa |
| Anom Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) - Nnɔnhwerew 2 akyi | 139 mg/dL anaa nea ennu saa | 140 – 199 mg/dL na ɛyɛ adwuma | 200 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa |
| Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) a ɛma mogya tu . | Ennu 5.7% . | 5.7% – 6.4% na ɛwɔ hɔ. | 6.5% anaa nea ɛboro saa |
So mmofra nso nya asikreyare?
Yiw, mmofra nso betumi anya asikreyare. Nneɛma atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ.
- Asikreyare a Ɛto so 1: Eyi ne bere a nipadua no gyae insulin yɛ koraa. Ebetumi anya nkɔso wɔ mfe biara mu, nanso ɛtaa ba mmofra ne mpanyimfo nkumaa so. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔnom insulin a wɔde twitwiw wɔn da biara na ama wɔatumi atra ase. Nsɛnkyerɛnne no ba mpofirim (te sɛ sukɔm dodo, nsu a ɔtaa tow, ne mu duru a ɛso tew, ne ɔbrɛ a ɛtra so).
- Asikreyare a Ɛto so Abien: Eyi ne bere a nipadua no yɛ insulin, nanso entumi mfa nni dwuma yiye. Mpɛn pii no wɔde tebea yi bata kɛseyɛ mmoroso anaa kɛseyɛ mmoroso ho . Mmofra binom betumi anya bi a enni sɛnkyerɛnne biara. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wohu no wɔ akwanhyia mu bere a wɔreyɛ mogya anaa nsu mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ esiane biribi foforo nti no.
Sɛ wususuw sɛ wo ba no wɔ asiane mu sɛ obenya asikreyare a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka ho asɛm. Sɛ wohu asikreyare ntɛm a, wobetumi asiw asikreyare ano denam nsakrae a wɔbɛyɛ wɔ w’aduan ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ nhyehyɛe mu no so.
Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ bere a wɔahu sɛ wowɔ asikreyare akyi? So ɛsɛ sɛ wusuro?
Mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu. Asikreyare yɛ tebea a wubetumi adi ho dwuma yiye na woabɔ bra pa. Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ wobɛhwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no so. Nneɛma bi a ebetumi aboa ni:
1. Adidi: Di aduan a ɛkari pɛ. Kwati anonne a asikre wom (gye sɛ woredi aduan a carb kakraa bi na ɛwom). Sua sɛnea wobɛkan carbohydrates na di sɛnea ɛsɛ.
2. Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ:Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wobɛyɛ no daa ma ɔkwan a wo nipadua fa so de insulin di dwuma no tu mpɔn. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ nhyehyɛe bi a ɛfata wo ho asɛm.
3. Nnuru: Nom nnuru a oduruyɛfo no akyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ na fa bere ano. Sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ hɔ a, ka ho asɛm kyerɛ oduruyɛfo no.
4. Adwennwen: Adwennwen nso betumi ama asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu no akɔ soro. Enti ma w’adwene nyɛ komm na fa wo ho hyɛ anigyede bi a w’ani gye ho mu.
5. Hwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu daa: Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo sɛnea wobɛhwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu wɔ fie. Wubetumi de glucose mita ayɛ mogya ketewaa bi afi wo nsateaa mu na woahwɛ asikre a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu. Eyi bɛboa wo ma woahu sɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no dɔɔso (hyperglycemia) anaasɛ ɛba fam (hypoglycemia) na aboa wo ma woadi w’aduan ne nnuru ho dwuma sɛnea ɛfata.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Hu asikreyare ho sɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw (sukɔm dodo, nsu a wɔtaa tow, mu duru a ɛso tew).
- Nsuro mogya mu nhwehwɛmu. Sɔhwɛ ahorow te sɛ FPG, OGTT, ne HbA1c betumi ama woanya wo tebea no ho ntease a emu da hɔ.
- Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ asikreyare a, ɛnyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wusuro, na mmom ɛyɛ tebea a wobetumi adi ho dwuma yiye.
- Wubetumi abɔ bra pa denam w’aduan, w’apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, nnuru a wobɛnom, ne w’adwene mu yiyedi a wobɛhwɛ so.
- Sɛ ɔhaw anaa adwenem naayɛ biara ba a, yɛsrɛ sɛ kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn .
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