So wunim ‘anigye hormone’ yi, dopamine? Momma yɛnka ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri!

So woate biribi a wɔfrɛ no ‘anigye hormone’ ho asɛm pɛn? Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wote anigye ne anigye nka kɛkɛ, ɛnte saa? Nea ɛne saa nkate horow no wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse no, wɔfrɛ no Dopamine. Ɛboa ma yɛyɛ dwumadi ahorow pii a ɛho hia wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Enti, ɛnnɛ, momma yensua Dopamine ho ade pii.

Dɛn ankasa ne dopamine?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dopamine yɛ nnuru a efi awosu mu a wɔyɛ wɔ yɛn amemene mu. Ɛka neurotransmitters kuw bi a wɔfrɛ no ``Monoamine neurotransmitters.'' Ɛyɛ ``Neurotransmitter'', a ɛkyerɛ sɛ neurotransmitter . Fa no sɛ, ntini a ɛwɔ yɛn amemene mu no de nkrasɛm kɔma wɔn ho wɔn ho. Dopamine yɛ ‘nnuru sobɔfo’ a ɛboa ma wɔsesa saa nkrasɛm no. Ɛboa ma yɛde saa nkrasɛm yi fi amemene no mu kɔ yɛn nipadua no fã a aka no.

Afei nso, dopamine yɛ hormone . Dopamine, epinephrine, ne norepinephrine ne catecholamine atitiriw. Adrenal glands a ɛwɔ yɛn asaabo atifi no na ɛyɛ saa hormone ahorow yi. Nea ɛka ho no, hypothalamus a ɛwɔ yɛn amemene mu no nso ma dopamine, neurohormone bi fi adi.

Dɛn na dopamine yɛ yɛn nipadua?

Dopamine yɛ nnuru a ɛka nneɛma a ɛho hia pii ho wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Ma yɛnhwɛ nea ɛyɛ.

Dopamine sɛ ade a ɛma ntini mu nkwaadɔm kɔ nipadua no mu

Sɛ́ neurotransmitter no, dopamine boa ma nea edidi so yi ba:

• Kankyee: Ɛboa ma yɛhwɛ yɛn nipadua no kankyee so.
• Nkae: Eyi ho hia na ama yɛakae nneɛma.
• Akatua a ɛyɛ anigye ne nea ɛkanyan yɛn: Sɛ yenya anigye fi biribi mu a, yɛte nka sɛ yɛbɛyɛ bio, na ɛno fi dopamine.
• Suban ne nhumu: Ɛsan nso ka yɛn nneyɛe ne sɛnea yetumi te biribi ase.
• Ahwɛyiye: Ɛboa wo ma wode w’adwene si biribi so.
• Dae ne nea ɛkanyan yɛn: Ɛboa nso ma yɛhwɛ sɛnea yɛda ne sɛnea yɛda no so.
• Adwene: Eyi nso ka yɛn adwene tebea, sɛ́ ebia yɛn ani gye anaasɛ yɛn werɛ ahow.
• Adesua: Dopamine nso ho hia bere a woresua nneɛma foforo no.
• Nufu a wɔde ma: Ɛfa ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ nufusu ma ɛnanom a wɔma wɔn nufu nso ho.

Dopamine sɛ Nnuru a Ɛma Nkwammoaa

Dopamine yɛ hormone bi a ɛkɔ yɛn mogya mu. Ɛsan nso di dwuma ketewaa bi wɔ nipadua no "ako anaa-guan" mmuae mu bere a yehyia ahunahuna bi, te sɛ asiane bi no. Ɛne sɛ, sɛ wuhu biribi a ɛyɛ hu mpofirim a, ɛka sɛnea wo nipadua yɛ n’ade wɔ ho.

Nea ɛka ho no, dopamine, sɛ́ hormone no, nso yɛ nea edidi so yi:

• Ɛboa ma mogya ntini trɛw (wɔ dodow a ɛba fam mu - `(Vasodilator)`) anaasɛ ɛyɛ ketewaa (wɔ dodow a ɛkɔ soro mu - `(Vasoconstrictor)`).
• Ɛma sodium (nkyene) ne nsu a ɛba nipadua no mu no yɛ kɛse.
• Ɛtew insulin dodow a yɛn dwensɔtwaa no yɛ so.
• Ɛma aduan a ɛfa yafunu (GI) nhyehyɛe no mu no brɛ ase na ɛbɔ saa nhyehyɛe no mu nneɛma ho ban.
• Ɛtew lymphocytes, nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no dwumadi so.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na dopamine ma yɛn ani gye?

Wɔsan frɛ dopamine "feel-good hormone" efisɛ ɛma yɛte anigye ne abotɔyam nka. Afei nso, sɛ yɛn ani gye biribi ho a, ɛyɛ saa dopamine yi na ɛkanyan yɛn ma yɛsan yɛ bio.

Susuw ho saa kwan yi so: Dopamine yɛ yɛn "akatua nhyehyɛe" no fã. Wɔayɛ nhyehyɛe yi sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛma yɛanya akatua, anigye nka, bere a yɛyɛ nneɛma a yehia na ama yɛatumi atra ase (te sɛ adidi, anom, akansi, ne awo). Enti, sɛ́ nnipa no, wɔde nhama ahyɛ yɛn amemene no mu ma ahwehwɛ nneyɛe a ɛma dopamine fi akatua nhyehyɛe yi mu. Sɛ woyɛ biribi a ɛyɛ anigye a, w’amemene no ma dopamine pii fi adi. Afei wo ho tɔ wo, na wokɔ so hwehwɛ saa atenka no.

Eyi nti na nnuan bi, titiriw nnuan a ɛho nhia ne asikre, agye yɛn adwene kɛse no. Sɛ yedi wɔn a, yɛn amemene no ma dopamine pii fi adi. Afei yɛte anigye nka, te sɛ nea yɛwɔ wiase no atifi, na yɛpɛ saa osuahu no bio.

Sɛ obi nya dopamine dodow a ɛfata a, ɛte nka dɛn?

Sɛ wo dopamine dodow kari pɛ a, wubenya nkate te sɛ eyinom:

• Ɛte sɛ nea w’ani agye.
• Ɛte sɛ nea w’ani gye ho na ɛkanyan wo.
• Ɛte sɛ nea w’ani da hɔ, wɔ adwene pa mu.
• Ɛte sɛ nea wubetumi de w’adwene asi biribi so yiye.

Sɛ dopamine dodow so tew a, dɛn na ɛba?

Sɛ dopamine dodow so tew a, ebia wubehyia nneɛma te sɛ:

• Ɛte sɛ nea woabrɛ paa.
• Ɛte sɛ nea biribiara ho anigye biara nni hɔ.
• Ɛte sɛ nea anigye biara nni hɔ.

Nea ɛka ho no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edidi so yi betumi aba:

• Nkae a ɛyera.
• Nsakrae a ɛba mpofirim wɔ adwene mu (adwene mu nsakrae).
• Dae ho haw ahorow.
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wode w’adwene besi biribi so.
• Ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna ho akɔnnɔ a ɛso tew.

Na sɛ dopamine dodow kɔ soro nso ɛ?

Sɛ dopamine dodow kɔ soro dodo a, ebia wobɛte nka te sɛ:

• Anigye a ɛtra so, anigye (Euphoric).
• Ahoɔden kɛse a wɔte nka.
• Ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna ho akɔnnɔ a ɛboro so.

Nanso, ɔhaw ahorow nso wɔ dopamine dodow a ɛkɔ soro no so. Eyinom ne:

• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛda.
• Gyinaesi a wɔyɛ no ntɛmntɛm, a wɔyɛ no ntɛmntɛm (Poor impulse control).
• Ɔbɛyɛ obi a ɔyɛ basabasa kɛse.

Nyarewa bɛn na ɛne dopamine dodow a ɛba fam/ɛdɔɔso wɔ abusuabɔ?

Nyarewa pii wɔ hɔ a ɛne dopamine a ɛba fam anaasɛ ɛdɔɔso wɔ abusuabɔ. Nanso pii da so ara wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wohu wɔ eyi ho. Sɛ nhwɛso no, so yare bi fi dopamine dodow a ɛba fam/ɛdɔɔso, anaasɛ yare bi sesa dopamine dodow? Ebia ɛyɛ abien no nyinaa. Ade foforo ne sɛ wontumi nhu sɛnea ntini mu nkwaadɔm biako te sɛ dopamine yɛ adwuma wɔ baabi a ɛyɛ soronko. Efisɛ, neurotransmitters, hormones, ne nnuru afoforo pii a ɛwɔ yɛn amemene ne nipadua mu no bom yɛ adwuma. Enti eyi yɛ nea ɛyɛ den kakra.

Nanso, nyarewa pii wɔ hɔ a ɛne nsakrae a ɛba dopamine dodow mu wɔ abusuabɔ.

Nyarewa a ɛbata dopamine a enni nipadua mu ho:

• Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Wɔahu sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ saa tebea yi mu dopamine dodow sua.
• Parkinson yare: Eyi fi amemene mu nkwammoaa a ɛma dopamine no sɛe.
• Restless legs syndrome: Tebea a ɛda adi sɛ nan no ho nyɛ no dɛ na ɔpɛ sɛ otu.

Nyarewa a ɛbata dopamine a ɛkɔ soro ho:

• Mania: Adwene mu tebea a ɛma obi ani gye na ɔyɛ adwuma dodo.
• Kɛse mmoroso: Nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi ada abusuabɔ a ɛda dopamine ne kɛseyɛ mmoroso ntam adi.
• Nneɛma a ɛma obi yɛ ade tra so: Dopamine di dwuma titiriw wɔ nneɛma te sɛ nnubɔne ne kyakyatow a ɛma obi yɛ ade tra so no mu.

Nyarewa a ɛbata dopamine a ɛba fam ne nea ɛkɔ soro nyinaa ho:

Schizophrenia : Eyi yɛ adwenemyare a emu yɛ den. Ebia dopamine a ɛkɔ soro wɔ amemene no afã horow bi na ɛde sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi (te sɛ nsusuwii hunu, nsusuwii hunu) aba. Nsɛnkyerɛnne afoforo (te sɛ anibiannaso) betumi afi dopamine a ɛso tew wɔ amemene no afã afoforo no mu aba.

Nnuru bɛn na ɛne dopamine wɔ abusuabɔ?

Nnuru ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi ahyɛ dopamine dodow so anaasɛ ɛyɛ adwuma te sɛ dopamine. Momma yɛnhwɛ wɔn.

Dɛn ne Dopamine Agonists?

Dopamine agonists yɛ nnuru bi a ɛyɛ adwuma wɔ ɔkwan koro no ara so sɛnea abɔde mu dopamine yɛ adwuma no. Wɔkyekyere dopamine agyefo a ɛwɔ amemene no mu na ɛkanyan wɔn. Sɛnea ntini mu nkwammoaa yɛ wɔn ade wɔ abɔde mu dopamine ho no.

Wɔde nnuru yi sa Parkinson yare, adwenemhaw, nan a ɛnyɛ ahomegye, ADHD, nna ho akɔnnɔ a ɛba fam, ne hyperprolactinemia (hormone a ɛma nufusu a ɛkɔ soro).

Nhwɛso ahorow bi:

• Wɔ Parkinson yare no ho: `(Pramipexole (Mirapex®))`, `(Ropinirole (Requip®))`, `(Rotigotine (Neupro®))`, `(Apomorphine HCl (KYNMOBI®))`.
• Sɛ wopɛ adwenemhaw a: `(Pramipexole (Mirapex®))`.
• Wɔn a wɔn nna ho akɔnnɔ sua no: `(Pramipexole (Mirapex®))`.
• Wɔ prolactinemia a ɛboro so ho no: `(Bromocriptine (Parlodel®))`, `(Cabergoline (Dostinex®))`.

Dɛn ne Nnuru a Ɛko Tia Dopamine?

Dopamine antagonists yɛ nnuru bi a ɛkyekyere dopamine agyefo a ɛwɔ amemene no mu na esiw ano. Ɛne sɛ, wɔma dopamine ntumi nkɔ ntini mu nkwammoaa a edi hɔ no mu. Nnuru pii a wɔde sa adwenemyare a wɔde sa adwenemyare no hyɛ saa kuw yi mu.

Wɔde eyinom sa adwenemhaw , adwenemhaw, ne akisikuru ne ɔfe.

Nhwɛso ahorow:

Wɔ adwenemhaw ho: `(Aripiprazole (Abilify®))`, `(Risperidone (Risperdal®))`, `(Ziprasidone (Geodon®))`.
• Wɔ adwenemhaw a ɛma obi yɛ ade tra so ho no: `(Risperidone)`, `(Olanzapine (Zyprexa®))`, `(Ziprasidone)`.
• Sɛ wopɛ akisikuru ne ɔfe a: `(Metoclopramide (Reglan®))`, `(Droperidol (Inapsine®))`.

Dɛn ne nnuru a esiw Dopamine a ɛsan kɔ mu?

Dopamine reuptake inhibitors yɛ nnuru bi a ɛmma ntini mu nkwammoaa a ɛmaa dopamine no nsan nnye bio. Eyi ma dopamine pii wɔ amemene no mu, na ntini mu nkwammoaa pii betumi de adi dwuma.

Saa aduru yi boa ma obi nya adwenemhaw, narcolepsy (nna dodo), ne nneɛma a ɛma obi yɛ ade tra so te sɛ sigaretnom ne adidi boro so.

Nhwɛso ahorow:

• Sɛ wopɛ adwenemhaw a: `(Bupropion (Wellbutrin®))`.
• Wɔ narclepsy ho no: `(Modafinil (Provigil))`.
• Wɔ cocaine a wɔde di dwuma ɔkwammɔne so ho no: `(Bupropion)`, `(Nomifensin)`, `(Benztropine (Cogentin))`, `(Mazindol)`.
• Sɛ wobɛgyae sigaretnom a: `(Bupropion)`.

Dɛn ne Levodopa?

Levodopa ne aduru titiriw a wɔde sa Parkinson yare no. Dopamine a wonni no na ɛde ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ Parkinson ayarefo mu no ba. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a Levodopa bɛkɔ amemene no mu tẽẽ (sen sɛ wɔde bɛkɔ nipadua no afã afoforo) no, wɔde ka aduru bi a wɔfrɛ no Carbidopa ho. Sɛ Levodopa kɔ amemene no mu pɛ a, ɛdan dopamine.

Dwuma bɛn na dopamine di wɔ nnubɔne a wɔde di dwuma ɔkwammɔne so mu?

Sɛ yɛde nnubɔne a yɛde gye yɛn ani di dwuma a, esiw ɔkwan a ntini mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ yɛn amemene mu no fa so de nkrasɛm mena na egye no kwan. Nnubɔne te sɛ wii ne heroin yɛ adwuma te sɛ abɔde mu ntini mu nkwaadɔm. Nnuru te sɛ amphetamines ne cocaine ma abɔde mu ntini mu nkwaadɔm (te sɛ dopamine) pii fi adi prɛko pɛ, anaasɛ egyae sɛ wɔsan twetwe.

Saa nnuru yi kanyan yɛn amemene no "akatua mfinimfini" no dodo. Sɛ yɛkɔ so de nnubɔne di dwuma bere tenten a, amemene no fã bi ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye, na yɛnte nka bio sɛnea yɛbɛte nka sɛ yɛn ho ye wɔ biribi foforo biara mu gye nnubɔne no nkutoo. Afei nso, sɛ yebenya anigye koro no ara a, ɛsɛ sɛ yɛnom aduru no pii. Bere koro no ara mu no, amemene no fã foforo nso te nka kɛse wɔ ɔhaw (te sɛ dadwen ne ahomegye) a ɛba bere a aduru no nkɛntɛnso sa no ho. Afei wɔsɔ yɛn hwɛ sɛ yɛbɛsan de aduru no adi dwuma bio na yɛayi saa ɔhaw no afi hɔ. Enti, ade a ɛma obi yɛ ade tra so yɛ kyinhyia bɔne a ɛnam akwan horow so na ɛba.

Mprempren nyansahufo susuw sɛ ɛnyɛ sɛ dopamine dwumadi ne sɛ ɛde anigye bɛba tẽẽ kɛkɛ, na mmom ɛkae osuahu ahorow a ɛyɛ anigye na ɛhyɛ mu den ma wɔde di dwuma mpɛn pii. Enti, sɛ dopamine kɔ soro mpofirim esiane nnubɔne nti a, ɛkyerɛkyerɛ amemene no ma ɛkae osuahu no. W’amemene no de nnubɔne a wode di dwuma no bata wo suban nyinaa ne nsɛnkyerɛnne afoforo a ɛka ho nyinaa ho. Eyi nti na wubetumi asan akɔ baabi a wode nnubɔne dii dwuma, bere tenten mpo a wugyaee nnubɔne no, na woda so ara te nka sɛ wuhia nnubɔne no bio.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na dopamine dodow kɔ soro wɔ awosu mu?

Wubetumi asɔ nneɛma a ebetumi aboa ma dopamine dodow akɔ soro wɔ awosu mu ahwɛ. Nanso, nhwehwɛmu pii ho hia wɔ nkɛntɛnso a aduan ne anonne nya wɔ ntini mu nkwaadɔm te sɛ dopamine so no ho.

• Di aduan a magnesium ne tyrosine pii wom. Eyinom ne nneɛma a ɛma wɔyɛ dopamine. Tyrosine yɛ amino acid a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu. Nipadua no twe no na ɛkɔ amemene no mu, na ɛdan no dopamine. Nnuan a wɔkyerɛ sɛ ɛma dopamine dɔɔso no bi ne: akokɔ, almond, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, avocado, banana, beet, chocolate (titiriw chocolate tuntum), nhabannuru a ɛyɛ ahabammono, tii ahabammono, lima bankye, oatmeal, borɔdɔma, macadamia nnuaba, sesame ne akutu aba, tomato, turmeric, akutu, ne awi bran.
• Fa wo ho hyɛ dwumadi ahorow a ɛma w’ani gye na wo ho adwo wo mu. Wosusuw nso sɛ eyi ma dopamine dodow kɔ soro. Nhwɛso ahorow bi ne: apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, adwennwen, yoga, aduru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua, ne afieboa di agoru, abɔde mu nantew, anaa nhoma akenkan.

Awiei koraa no, ade a ɛho hia sen biara (Take-Home Message) .

Dopamine yɛ ntini mu nkwaadɔm ne hormone. Ɛdi dwuma wɔ yɛn nipadua mu dwumadi ahorow pii a ɛho hia mu, titiriw kankyee, nkae, anigye, ne nkannyan. Wɔde dopamine a ɛba fam anaasɛ ɛkɔ soro no abata adwenemyare ne ntini mu nyarewa pii ho.

Dopamine yɛ ade a ɛyɛ den yiye. Wɔda so ara reyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii wɔ sɛnea ɛfa akwahosan tebea horow ho ne sɛnea ɛne ntini mu nkwaadɔm, nkwaadɔm, ne nnuru afoforo di nkitaho no ho.

Sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ dopamine dodow sua anaa ɛkɔ soro a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn. Obetumi asusuw wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho, ayɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛho hia, na waboa wo ma woayɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe a ɛfata sɛ wowɔ tebea bi a ɛhyɛ wo ase a. Kae sɛ nnyɛ wo ho aduru, titiriw wɔ biribi a ɛyɛ den te sɛ eyi ho.

` Dopamine, neurotransmitter, hormones, amemene, adwenemyare, Parkinson yare, ade a ɛma obi yɛ ade tra so