So w’asaabo reyɛ adwuma yiye? Momma yɛnhwehwɛ eGFR sɔhwɛ no ho asɛm pɛpɛɛpɛ! (Glomerular Filtration Rate a Wɔabu akontaa) .

So woahu bo bi a wɔfrɛ no eGFR pɛn bere a wohwɛ mogya ho amanneɛbɔ bi no? Ebia wo duruyɛfo aka ho asɛm akyerɛ wo. Ɛwom sɛ ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ den kakra ma nnipa pii de, nanso nokwarem no, ɛyɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia yiye a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea yɛn asaabo reyɛ adwuma yiye. Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka nea eGFR yi yɛ, nea ɛkyerɛ, ne nea saa gyinapɛn ahorow no kyerɛ ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan tiawa ne nidi so.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne eGFR?

Nea eGFR kyerɛ nyinaa ne Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate . Nsuro, nsɛm no yɛ akɛse, nanso asɛm no yɛ mmerɛw yiye.

Fa no sɛ w’asaabo no wɔ nneɛma nketenkete ɔpepem pii a wɔde yiyi mu. Wɔte sɛ tii a wɔde yiyi mu. Saa mfiri yi yiyi nwura a yɛmpɛ a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu no, tew ho, na afei fa nsu mu pam saa nwura no fi yɛn nipadua mu. Wɔ nnuruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ saa nneɛma nketenkete a wɔde yiyi mu yi glomeruli .

Enti, eGFR yɛ bo a ɛkyerɛ mogya dodow a wɔde simma biako tew denam saa nneɛma a wɔde yiyi mu a wɔfrɛ no glomeruli yi so. Wɔnsusuw eyi tẽẽ, nanso wobu saa bo yi (wɔabu akontaa) denam creatinine a wɔsusuw wɔ wo mogya nhwɛsode bi mu na wɔde gu nnuru a wɔde yɛ aduan mu a nneɛma te sɛ wo mfe, wo bɔbeasu, ne nea ɛkeka ho wom no so Ɛno nti na wɔfrɛ no "Estimated" GFR.

Saa sɔhwɛ yi ma nnuruyɛfo tumi hu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edi kan a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔhaw ahorow wɔ w’asaabo dwumadi mu, titiriw asaabo mu yare a enni sabea (CKD) .

Dɛn nti na oduruyɛfo bisa sɛ ɔnhwɛ eGFR bo?

Mpɛn pii no, woma wɔhwɛ wo eGFR sɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa no fã, a mpɛn pii no wɔyɛ no afe biara. Bio nso, sɛ wowɔ asiane ahorow a wɔabobɔ din wɔ ase ha no bi a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ eGFR nhwehwɛmu mfa nhwɛ w’asaabo akwahosan.

• Sɛ wowɔ asikreyare a .
• Sɛ wowɔ mogya mmoroso (Hypertension) a .
• Sɛ wowɔ komayare a .
• Sɛ obi wɔ abusua no mu (ɛna, agya, anuanom) wɔ abakɔsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔwɔ asaabo mu yare a .
• Sɛ nipadua mu duru (BMI) boro 25 (mu duru boro so).
• Sɛ wotaa nya ɔyare mmoawa a ɛma wo ho yɛ wo hyew (UTIs) anaasɛ wo ho siw wo nsu mu a.
• Sɛ wowɔ awo mu tebea horow a ɛka asaabo no a.
• Sɛ wɔayɛ wo asaabo foforo a .

Wɔ nsɛm a ɛtete saa mu no, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ asaabo bɛsɛe no yɛ kɛse. Enti, oduruyɛfo no botae ne sɛ ɔbɛhwɛ eGFR bo daa na wakyere ɔhaw biara ntɛm.

Dɛn ne Creatinine ne Cystatin C?

Yɛkaa sɛnea wobu eGFR ho asɛm. Ade titiriw a wɔde yɛ saa ne creatinine.

• Creatinine: Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi yɛ ade fĩ a ɛba bere a yɛn ntini yɛ adwuma no. Sɛ yɛnantew, yetu mmirika, anaa yɛyɛ adwuma biara a, yɛde ntini mu ahoɔden di dwuma. Nneɛma fĩ a wɔfrɛ no creatinine a ɛba wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no boaboa ano wɔ mogya no mu. Asaabo a ɛte apɔw yiyi fi mogya no mu na ɛyi gu nsu mu. Nanso , sɛ asaabo no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye a, saa creatinine yi fi ase boaboa ano wɔ mogya no mu sen sɛ wobeyi afi mu. Creatinine dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ mogya no mu no kyerɛ sɛ sɛnea asaabo no yiyi mu no yɛ mmerɛw.

• Cystatin C: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, titiriw wɔ nnipa a wɔn mfe akɔ anim anaa nnipa a wɔn ntini mu yɛ den pii mu no, ebia creatinine nkutoo rentumi mma wonhu mfonini a edi mu. Nneɛma te sɛ ntini mu duru, mfe a obi adi, ne aduan a odi nso nya creatinine dodow so nkɛntɛnso. Wɔ tebea horow a ɛtete saa mu no, nnuruyɛfo bɛhwɛ sɛnea protein bi a wɔfrɛ no Cystatin C wɔ mogya no mu. Nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no na ɛyɛ eyi, enti ntini mu duru nnya nkɛntɛnso titiriw biara.

So ɛsɛ sɛ misiesie me ho ansa na wɔayɛ eGFR sɔhwɛ no?

Aane. Eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛyɛ nkate kɛse. Enti sɛ wubenya akenkan a edi mu sen biara a, ɛsɛ sɛ wudi wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ. Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ:

• Di mmuada nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi (nsu nkutoo na wubetumi anom).
• Gyae nam a wudi da koro anaa nnanu ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no.
• Gyae nnuru bi a worenom no kakra (hwɛ hu sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa eyi ho).

Sɛ woanni akwankyerɛ yi akyi yiye a, ebia wo eGFR akenkan no nyɛ nokware. Enti, di wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ. Wɔtaa yɛ nhwehwɛmu no denam mogya kakraa bi a wogye fi ntini bi a ɛwɔ wo nsa mu no so. Ɛyɛ adeyɛ a ɛnyɛ den a egye simma kakraa bi pɛ.

Dɛn na eGFR gyinapɛn ahorow ka kyerɛ yɛn? Nsɛm a ɛfa asaabo mu yare ho

Okay, afei momma yɛnkɔ nneɛma a ɛho hia no so. Dɛn na eGFR bo a ɛwɔ w’amanneɛbɔ mu no kyerɛ?

Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, ɔpanyin a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden eGFR bɛyɛ 100. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ saa bo yi so tew nkakrankakra bere a yɛrenyin no, sɛ yare biara nni hɔ mpo a.

Wɔakyekyɛ asaabo mu yare a enni sabea (CKD) mu ayɛ no afã atitiriw 5 a egyina eGFR so. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ.

Sɛ eGFR bo no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, dɛn na ɛba akyi?

Sɛ wo eGFR sua a, wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ mma ɛnhaw wo na ɔbɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu kakraa bi bio na wɔahu nea ɛde ba ankasa.

• Nsu mu nhwehwɛmu: Saa nhwehwɛmu yi hwehwɛ protein (titiriw albumin) anaa mogya a ɛwɔ nsu mu. Eyinom betumi ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan a ɛkyerɛ sɛ asaabo asɛe.
• Kidney Ultrasound/CT Scan: Saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi boa ma wohu asaabo no kɛse ne ne nsɛso, ne sɛ ebia abo anaa akisikuru wɔ hɔ anaa.
• Asaabo mu Nhwehwɛmu: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, woyi ntini ketewaa bi fi asaabo no mu na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ mu. Eyi boa ma wohu nea yare no yɛ ankasa ne sɛnea emu yɛ den.

Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Mpɛn pii no, asaabo mu yare nkyerɛ sɛnkyerɛnne biara wɔ ne mfiase. Ɛno nti na sɔhwɛ te sɛ eGFR ho hia no. Nanso bere a yare no kɔ so no, ebia wubehu saa nneɛma yi. Sɛ wowɔ eyinom a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.

• Sɛ wote nka sɛ woretow wo ho asen sɛnea wotaa yɛ no.
• Wora a ɛyɛ nwunu na ɛyɛ wo yaw.
• Akisikuru ne ɔfe.
• Nsa, nan, ne nansoaa a ɛho ahonhon.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den.
• Ntini a ɛtwetwe.
• Wora a ɛyɛ tuntum.

Saa nsɛnkyerɛnne yi nso betumi ayɛ nyarewa afoforo ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Enti, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ woremmɔ hu na wohwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu na ama woahu nea ɛde ba ankasa.