So wunim wo uACR bo a ɛsom wɔ wo nsu mu nhwehwɛmu mu? (Urine Albumin-Creatinine Ratio) – Eyi ho hia ma asaabo akwahosan!

So wɔayɛ wo nsu mu nhwehwɛmu pɛn? Ebia oduruyɛfo bi ka kyerɛɛ wo sɛ yɛ nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔfrɛ no `(Urine Albumin-Creatinine Ratio)` anaa `(uACR)`, na ebia wubesusuw nea ɛno yɛ ho. Mma ɛnhaw wo, eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛnyɛ den koraa, nanso ɛka wo asaabo akwahosan ho nsɛm a ɛsom bo pii kyerɛ wo. Momma yɛnka ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri, tiawa koraa.

Adɛn nti na saa `(uACR)` sɔhwɛ yi ho hia saa?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, sɔhwɛ yi susuw albumin ne creatinine dodow a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu. Saa dodow yi betumi ama wo duruyɛfo anya sɛnea w’asaabo reyɛ adwuma yiye no ho adwene pa.

Dɛn ne albumin yi?

Fa no sɛ albumin yɛ protein titiriw bi a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu. Yɛn mmerɛbo na ɛyɛ. N’adwuma titiriw ne sɛ ebesiw nsu a ɛretu afi mogya ntini no mu no ano. Ɛboa nso ma wɔde nneɛma te sɛ vitamin, enzyme, ne hormone kɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa. Ɛte sɛ obi a okura nneɛma a wɔde fa nneɛma.

Enti dɛn ne creatinine?

Creatinine yɛ nwura a ɛba bere a wode ade bi a wɔfrɛ no creatine di dwuma no . Wɔde creatine di dwuma de ma wo ntini ahoɔden na ɛboa ma ɛtwetwe. Enti, sɛ wode ntini mu ahoɔden di dwuma a, creatine sɛe na creatinine hyehyɛ na ɛboaboa ano wɔ wo mogya mu.

Afei hwɛ, sɛ w’asaabo yɛ apɔwmuden a, ɛyɛ eyinom:

• Wɔde albumin sie mogya no mu, wɔmma ɛnkɔ nsu mu.
• Woyi creatinine fi mogya no mu na woyi fi nipadua no mu bere a woretow nsu no.

Nanso, sɛ w’asaabo sɛe a, albumin kakraa bi (a wɔsan frɛ no microalbumin) betumi aboaboa ano wɔ wo nsu mu (tebea a wɔfrɛ no proteinuria) . Ebia creatinine nso bɛkɔ so atra wo nipadua mu. Eyi ne nea uACR sɔhwɛ no hwehwɛ.

Bere bɛn na wɔyɛ saa `(uACR)` sɔhwɛ yi?

Sɛ wowɔ asikreyare anaa asaabo mu yare a enni sabea (CKD) a, oduruyɛfo taa hyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi de hwɛ sɛnea w’asaabo te. Bio nso, wobetumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ yi nso wɔ tebea horow a edidi so yi mu:

• Sɛ wowɔ mogya mmoroso (Hypertension) a .
• Sɛ wowɔ komayare a
• Sɛ wowɔ tebea bi te sɛ mmerɛbo mu yare a ɛma mogya tu a

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, oduruyɛfo betumi akamfo nhwehwɛmu yi akyerɛ sɛ wo nipadua mu duru (BMI) boro 30 (a ɛkyerɛ sɛ woayɛ kɛse mmoroso), sɛ wonom sigaret, anaa sɛ woadi boro mfe 50 a. Eyinom nyinaa betumi aka w’asaabo.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ saa `(uACR)` sɔhwɛ yi?

Akwan pii wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so yɛ saa `(uACR)` sɔhwɛ yi:

• ``Spot`` pee sample: Eyi yɛ nsu a wɔde yɛ pɛnkoro. Wode saa nhwɛsode yi ma wɔ wo duruyɛfo adwumayɛbea anaasɛ wɔ lab. Ɛsusuw albumin ne creatinine dodow a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu no pɛpɛɛpɛ.
• Anɔpatutuutu/bere a wɔde tow nsuo nhwɛsoɔ: Eyi yɛ nhwɛsoɔ a woboaboa ano wɔ fie. Woboaboa wo nsu ano wɔ ade titiriw bi mu (`specimen cup`) bere a woasɔre anɔpa ara pɛ, anaasɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no woantow nsu nnɔnhwerew anan akyi.
• Nnɔnhwerew 24 a wɔde yi tow: Wo duruyɛfo bɛma wo toa kɛse bi. Ɛho behia sɛ woto wo ho gu saa toa no mu bere biara a wobɛtow wo ho nnɔnhwerew 24 no. Ɛho behia sɛ wode toa no sie frigye mu bere a worentow nsu no. Saa kwan yi ne ``uACR'' sɔhwɛ ahorow no mu nea ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ sen biara . Nanso, sɛ nea efi akwan afoforo (spot anaa anɔpa nhwɛsode) mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata nkutoo a nnuruyɛfo taa yɛ eyi.

Susuw ho hwɛ, eyi te sɛ nea worehwɛ sɛnea w’asaabo reyɛ adwuma da mũ nyinaa.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no?

Wo duruyɛfo bɛma wo akwankyerɛ pɔtee a ɛfa sɛnea wubesiesie wo ho ama nhwehwɛmu yi ho, nanso mpɛn pii no, nneɛma bi a ɛsɛ sɛ wode sie w’adwene mu ni:

• Nom nsu a ɛdɔɔso: Ɛsɛ sɛ wunya nsu a ɛdɔɔso na ama woatumi de nhwɛsode no ama.
• Kwati apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a emu yɛ den nnɔnhwerew 24 ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no: Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a emu yɛ den betumi ama albumin dodow a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu no akɔ soro bere tiaa bi.
• Kwati sɛ wubedi nam nnɔnhwerew 24 ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no: Nam a wubedi no betumi aka wo creatinine dodow bere tiaa bi.

Afei nso, mma wo werɛ mmfi sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo sɛ wowɔ tebea horow yi bi a:

• Sɛ worekɔ brayɛ mu a , anaasɛ mogya retu wo esiane akisikuru nti .
• Sɛ wowɔ nsu mu yare (UTI) , atiridiinini, anom yare (periodontitis), anaa mmerɛbo mu yare a mmoawa de ba a .

Efisɛ sɛ mogya anaa mmoawa wɔ wo nsu mu a, ebia nea efi nhwehwɛmu no mu ba no bɛka.

Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no?

Ɛwom sɛ nsakraeɛ kakra bɛtumi aba a egyina akwankyerɛ a wo duruyɛfoɔ anaa lab de ama so deɛ, nanso wɔtaa de ``clean catch'' kwan no na ɛboaboa nsuo a wɔde yɛ saa ``uACR'' sɔhwɛ yi ano. Eyi betumi atew hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mmoawa bɛkɔ nhwɛsode no mu no so. Oduruyɛfo no bɛma wo toa a wɔde boaboa nsuo ano ne ``sterile wipes'' bi.

Sɛnea wɔtaa yɛ no ni:

1. Nea edi kan no, fa samina a ekum ɔyare mmoawa hohoro wo nsa yiye.

2. Afei, fa popa a wɔde ama wo no hohoro wo honam ani fã a ɛwɔ wo honam ani no.

3. Totow gu tiafi mu.

4. Afei gyae nsu a wobɛtow no kakra.

5. Toa a wɔde boaboa nsu ano no yɛ wo dea.Fa urethra no mu mpɛn pii.

6. Fa nsu hyɛ toa no mu sɛnea oduruyɛfo no kyerɛ no (mpɛn pii no bɛyɛ toa no fã).

7. Gyae nsu a wobɛtow bio na fa toa no to nkyɛn.

8. Fa nsu a aka no gu tiafi mu.

9. To nsu toa no ano denneennen na fa ma oduruyɛfo anaa lab technician.

Biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wosuro, eyi yɛ mmerɛw yiye.

Dɛn na ɛba wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi?

Sɛ wode nsuo a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu ma wie a, wɔde kɔ lab kɔhwɛ.

So asiane ahorow bi wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu?

Ɛnyɛ saa koraa. Asiane biara nni nsu a wɔde yɛ nsu a wɔbɛboaboa ano no mu. "Can catch" kwan no nso yɛ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ yaw na ɛnyɛ nea wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu.

Nea afi mu aba no te dɛn? Dɛn na wɔka kyerɛ yɛn?

`(uACR)` sɔhwɛ no de albumin ne creatinine dodow a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu no toto ho. Wɔde saa nsusuwii yi ma wɔ miligram mu wɔ gram biara mu (mg/g). Dodow a `(uACR)` botae no ba fam no, dodow no ara na eye.

Dɛn ne `(uACR)` botae a ɛyɛ daa?

`(uACR)` bo a ɛfata no nnu 30 mg/g . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ w’asaabo bɛkɔ yiye, komayare, anaa akisikuru sua koraa. Ebia oduruyɛfo bi bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ san yɛ `(uACR)` sɔhwɛ no bio wɔ asram kakraa bi mu de si nea afi mu aba no so dua.

Sɛ wo `(uACR)` boɔ yɛ 30 kɔsi 299 mg/g a, wowɔ asiane kɛseɛ mu sɛ asaaboɔ bɛdi nkoguo, komayareɛ, anaa akisikuru. Oduruyɛfo bi bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ san nsɔ wo `(uACR)` hwɛ wɔ asram kakraa bi mu. Sɛ ɛda so ara wɔ saa kwan no so a, ebia wowɔ asaabo mu yare.

Sɛ me `(uACR)` boɔ yɛ den a, ɛkyerɛ dɛn?

Sɛ wo `(uACR)` bo no korɔn kakra sen sɛnea wɔhwɛɛ kwan a, ebia wowɔ asaabo mu yare a emu nyɛ den . `(uACR)` bo a ɛkorɔn yiye kyerɛ sɛ wowɔ asaabo mu yare a ɛkɔ fam anaasɛ emu yɛ den .

Dɛn ne `(uACR)` dodow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ asaabo no adi nkogu?

Sɛ wo `(uACR)` boɔ yɛ 300 mg/g anaa nea ɛboro saa , na wɔsi so dua sɛ ɛyɛ saa ara wɔ nhwehwɛmu a wɔsan yɛ mu a, ebia wowɔ asaabo mu yareɛ. Asiane kɛse nso wɔ hɔ sɛ asaabo bedi dwuma, komayare, anaa akisikuru.

Bere tenten ahe na egye na woahu nea efi `(uACR)` sɔhwɛ no mu aba?

Mpɛn pii no, wubetumi ahu nea efii `(uACR)` sɔhwɛ no mu bae wɔ da koro anaa nnanu mu.

Sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, dɛn na woyɛ akyi?

Sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, ɛda adi sɛ wo duruyɛfo bɛkra sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo te sɛ uACR nhwehwɛmu no. Wobetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu afoforo nso de aboa ma wɔahu sɛ wowɔ asaabo mu yare te sɛ:

• Glomerular Filtration Rate a Wɔabu (eGFR): Eyi yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ daa no fã.
• Mfonini a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu: Te sɛ ultrasound scan.
• Asaabo mu nhwehwɛmu:Ntini ketewaa bi a wobegye afi asaabo no mu na wɔahwehwɛ mu.

Nsuro sɛ wobɛbisa saa nneɛma yi ho asɛm. Oduruyɛfo no bɛkyerɛkyerɛ biribiara mu akyerɛ wo.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mefrɛ oduruyɛfo no ?

Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa wo (uACR) nhwehwɛmu aba ho a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa. Sɛ ɛho hia a, yɛ sɔhwɛ foforo ho nhyehyɛe.

Sɛ wowɔ asaabo mu yareɛ, anaa sɛ wo (uACR) aba kyerɛ sɛ asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛnya asaabo mu yareɛ a, frɛ oduruyɛfoɔ sɛ wohu saa nsɛnkyerɛnneɛ yi bi a:

• Nsakrae a ɛba wɔ nsu a wɔtow mu: nsu pii a wɔde fa nsu mu sen sɛnea wɔtaa yɛ, nsu a ɛyɛ ahuru, mogya a ɛwɔ nsu mu (`(Hematuria)`).
• Wora a ɛyɛ nwunu anaasɛ ɛyɛ wo yaw, honam ani yɛ tuntum.
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ woabrɛ paa (`Fatigue`).
• Akisikuru ne ɔfe.
• Nsa, anan, anaa ananse a ɛho ahonhon (`(Edema)`).

Nea ɛho hia: Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu nka na ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛte wo (uACR) nhwehwɛmu aba no ase bere a wuhu sɛ w’asaabo ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye no. Wowɔ hokwan sɛ wubisa nsɛm pii. Ɛyɛ adwene pa sɛ wo ne w’abusua muni anaa w’adamfo bi a wowɔ ne mu ahotoso bɛkɔ, akyerɛw nea wo duruyɛfo ka, na woabisa mmoa a wode bɛkyerɛ nea efi mu ba no ase wɔ ɔkwan a wubetumi ate ase so.

Awiei koraa no, nea ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Dodow a wutumi hu asaabo mu yare ntɛm no , dodow no ara na ɛyɛ mmerɛw ma nnuruyɛfo sɛ wɔbɛtwentwɛn asaabo a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye no ase anaasɛ wobesiw ano koraa mpo. Enti, sɛ wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ sɔhwɛ yi a, ntwa so. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa sɛnea wubetumi abɔ w’asaabo ho ban. Saa sɔhwɛ ahorow yi ho hia yiye ma asetra a ahoɔden wom. Hwɛ w’akwahosan so yiye, efisɛ ɛno ne ade a ɛsom bo sen biara a wowɔ!

` Nsu mu nhwehwɛmu, uACR, albumin, creatinine, asaabo mu yare, asikreyare, mogya mmoroso