So wunim Fallopian Tube Cancer ho asɛm? Momma yɛnka ho asɛm!

So ɛtɔ da bi a wote nka sɛ wo yafunu ayɛ ma, anaasɛ wotaa te ɛyaw kakra wɔ wo yafunu ase? Ebia wubesusuw sɛ ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata, anaasɛ ebia ɛyɛ aduan mu haw. Nanso ɛnsɛ sɛ wobu ani gu sɛnkyerɛnne nketenkete yi so da, titiriw sɛ mmea. Ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka kokoram bi a nnipa pii ntee ho asɛm, nanso ɛho hia paa ma mmea akwahosan ho asɛm. Ɛno ne kokoram a ɛwɔ awotwaa mu.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne Fallopian Tube Cancer?

Okay, momma yɛnhyɛ aseɛ wɔ mfitiaseɛ no. Fallopian Tubes yɛ ntini abien a ɛyɛ tratraa yiye a ɛde nkesua fi yɛn awotwaa mu kɔ awotwaa mu. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wɔyɛ ade a ɛho hia sen biara wɔ adeyɛ a ɛma ɛwo ne mmadwoa hyia ma ɛyɛ akokoaa. Enti kokoram yi fi ase wɔ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ saa fallopian tubes yi mu no mu.

Mpɛn pii no, kokoram yi fi ase wɔ ntini a ɛwɔ awotwaa no mu no mu. Wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ eyi epithelial tissue. Nea ɛyɛ nwonwa no, ɔkwan a kokoram yi fa so yɛ n’ade, sɛnea ɛtrɛw, ne ɔkwan a yɛfa so sa no te sɛ awotwaa mu kokoram yiye. Ɛno nti na nnuruyɛfo sa kokoram abien no nyinaa yare na wɔhwɛ so wɔ ɔkwan koro so no.

Asɛnnennen kɛse a ɛwɔ kokoram yi ho ne sɛ ɛnkyerɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow wɔ ne mfiase na ɛtrɛw ntɛmntɛm yiye . Nanso asɛmpa no ne sɛ sɛ wohu no yiye wɔ mfiase no na wotumi yi kokoram nkwammoaa no fi hɔ koraa denam oprehyɛn so a, ɛyɛ yare a wotumi sa koraa . Nanso ebedu bere a wobehu sɛ kokoram no atrɛw dedaw, na ɛma ɛyɛ den kakra sɛ wɔbɛsa.

Kokoram yi abu so dɛn?

Bere tenten no, nnuruyɛfo susuwii sɛ awotwaa mu kokoram yɛ mmea kokoram a wɔntaa nhu. Mmea kokoram nyinaa mu bɛyɛ 1% pɛ na efi ase wɔ awotwaa mu nkwammoaa mu.

Nanso nhwehwɛmu foforo ada no adi sɛ kokoram ahorow a yɛtaa frɛ no awotwaa mu kokoram a wɔfrɛ no epithelial ovarian cancer no mu dodow no ara fi ase wɔ awotwaa mu ankasa. Ne titiriw no, efi ase wɔ fimbriae, n’awiei a ɛmo fi awotwaa no mu kɔ awotwaa mu no mu. Afei ɛtrɛw kɔ awotwaa no ani ne akyi berɛmo ne yafunu no afã afoforo.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ yiye?

Ɔhaw kɛse a ɛwɔ kokoram yi ho ne sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ yebehu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no wɔ mfiase no na yɛtaa bu yɛn ani gu so, na yesusuw sɛ ɛyɛ nea ɛfata. Ebia worenhu nsakrae kɛse biara kosi sɛ kokoram no bɛtrɛw wɔ yafunu no mu nyinaa. Nanso ɛho hia paa sɛ yehu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi.

Momma yɛnhwɛ nea ɛyɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi wɔ pon a ɛwɔ ase ha no so.

Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu anya kokoram, anaasɛ wowɔ nneɛma afoforo a ɛde asiane ba a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn sɛ wuhu nsakrae ketewaa bi te sɛ eyi mpo a.

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde kokoram yi ba ne nneɛma a ɛde asiane ba?

Nhwehwɛmufo nnya nhuu nea ɛde kokoram yi ba ankasa. Nanso yenim sɛ kokoram yi bɛyɛ 90% fi ntini mu nkwammoaa a ɛhyehyɛ akwaa no mu, ``epithelial cells'' a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no. Eyinom yɛ nkwammoaa koro no ara a ɛyɛ awotwaa mu kokoram. Esiane eyi nti, wɔtaa frɛ fallopian tube ne ovarian kokoram ``high-grade serous tumors.'' Eyi kyerɛ sɛ eyinom yɛ kokoram a enyin ntɛmntɛm yiye .

Nneɛma a ɛma asiane kɔ soro

Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya kokoram yi yɛ kɛse. Hwɛ sɛ wowɔ eyinom mu bi anaa.

• Mfe a wɔadi: Nnipa a wonya awotwaa mu kokoram anaa awotwaa mu kokoram no mu bɛboro fã adi boro mfe 63. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ asiane no kɔ soro bere a obi nyin no.
• Abusua abakɔsɛm: Sɛ w’abusuafo a wɔbɛn wo mogya mu biako (ɛna, wo nuabea, wo babea) anya nufu mu kokoram, awotwaa mu kokoram, anaa awotwaa mu kokoram a, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no yɛ kɛse.
• Awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae: Nsakrae (nsakrae) a ɛba awosu mu nkwaadɔm a ɛfa nufu mu kokoram ho (BRCA) mu no ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya kokoram yi no yɛ kɛse.
• Akwahosan tebea afoforo: Awosu mu tebea horow te sɛ Lynch syndrome ne Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, ne tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no endometriosis nso betumi ama asiane no ayɛ kɛse.
• Nyinsɛn ho abakɔsɛm: Asiane no dɔɔso kakra ma wɔn a wonnyinsɛn da ne wɔn a wɔwoo wɔn ba a odi kan wɔ mfe 35 akyi no.
• Brayɛ ho abakɔsɛm: Sɛ wunya bra a edi kan ansa na woadi mfe 12 na woagyae brayɛ bere a woadi mfe 51 akyi nso yɛ asiane ahorow.
• Kɛse mmoroso: Nipadua mu duru (BMI) a ɛboro 30, titiriw sɛ na woyɛ kɛse mmoroso wɔ wo mmofraase a, ebetumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no ayɛ kɛse.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu yare yi?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni hɔ wɔ mfiase, enti wɔtaa hu yare no bere a atrɛw kakra no. Ebia wowɔ akisikuru bi a wohu bere a woreyɛ wo akyi berɛmo mu nhwehwɛmu bere a wo duruyɛfo reyɛ nhwehwɛmu daa no.

Sɛ adwenem naayɛ sɔre wie a, oduruyɛfo no bɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii mfa nhwehwɛ tebea no mu bio.

1. Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu:CA-125 mogya mu nhwehwɛmu no susuw protein bi a wɔfrɛ no kokoram antigen 125 dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu. Ebia saa dodow yi bɛkɔ soro wɔ obi a ɔwɔ awotwaa mu kokoram mu. Nanso, ɛho hia sɛ yɛkae sɛ wobetumi ama saa dodow yi akɔ soro nso esiane nneɛma afoforo a ɛnyɛ kokoram nti.

2. Mfoniniyɛ mu sɔhwɛ: Scan te sɛ `(Transvaginal ultrasound)`, `(CT scan)`, `(MRI)` anaa `(PET scan)` betumi ama fallopian tubes ne ovaries no mfonini a emu da hɔ. Eyi betumi aboa ma woahu sɛ ebia akisikuru anaa akuru bi wɔ hɔ anaa.

Nanso, saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi nkutoo ntumi nsi so dua 100% sɛ ɛyɛ kokoram. Sɛ wobetumi ahu yare no yiye a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔfa ntini bi na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ mu. Akwan a wɔfa so yɛ eyi ne:

• Oprehyɛn a wɔde hwehwɛ nneɛma mu: Oprehyɛn a wɔde hwɛ akwaa no tẽẽ hwɛ sɛ ebia ntini bi a ɛyɛ hu wɔ hɔ anaa. Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔfa fallopian tubes, ovaries, ne lymph nodes a ɛbɛn hɔ no nhwɛsode na wɔde kɔ lab ma wɔayɛ ho nhwehwɛmu. Wobetumi de mfoninitwa afiri (laparoscopy) ayɛ oprehyɛn yi a wɔabue mu (laparotomy) anaasɛ wɔafa nneɛma nketenkete a wɔatwa mu (laparoscopy).
• Biopsy: Wɔde ade yiyi ntini ketewaa bi fi akisikuru a ɛyɛ hu mu na wɔhwehwɛ mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu kokoram no gyinabea?

Sɛ wɔsi kokoram so dua wie a, adeɛ a ɛdi hɔ a ɛho hia paa ne sɛ wɔbɛhunu ne ``stage''. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛyɛ sɛ wobehu baabi a kokoram no atrɛw akodu (a akɔ mmeae afoforo). Eyi ho hia na ama wɔatumi ayɛ ayaresa ho nhyehyɛe na woanya sɛnea yare no bɛkɔ so daakye ho adwene.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow no?

Ayaresa a wubenya no begyina nneɛma pii so, a nea ɛka ho ne kokoram no gyinabea ne w’akwahosan nyinaa. Wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe a eye ma wo.

• Oprehyɛn: Mpɛn pii no, oprehyɛn ne ayaresa a edi kan. Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ woyi awotwaa no (hysterectomy), fallopian tubes abien no nyinaa (salpingectomy), ne awotwaa abien no nyinaa (oophorectomy). Ɛdenam baabi a kokoram no atrɛw akodu so no, ebia ɛho behia sɛ woyi ntini afoforo a ɛbɛn hɔ nso. Wɔ mmea nkumaa bi a wɔwo mma mu no, sɛ wohu kokoram no ntɛm a, kokoram no nkutoo na woyi fi hɔ, na ɛmma awo akwaa no nkɔ.
• Nnuru a wɔde sa yare: Eyinom yɛ nnuru a ano yɛ den a wɔde ma de kum kokoram nkwammoaa. Wɔde saa ayaresa yi ma de tew akisikuru no so ansa na wɔayɛ no oprehyɛn, anaasɛ wɔde kum kokoram nkwammoaa biara a ebetumi aka wɔ oprehyɛn no akyi.
• Ayaresa a wɔde wɔn ani asi so: Eyi yɛ ɔkwan foforo koraa a wɔfa so sa yare. Ɛde nnuru a ɛde n’ani si molecule pɔtee bi a ɛho hia ma kokoram nkwammoaa nyin so di dwuma, a ɛnpira nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden te sɛ nnuru a wɔde sa yare daa. Saa ayaresa kwan yi betumi adi nkonim kɛse, titiriw ma nnipa a wɔwɔ `(BRCA)` awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae.
• Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa: Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ yɛbɛkanyan yɛn nipadua no ankasa nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no, na ama no ahoɔden de ako atia kokoram nkwammoaa.
• Ɔhwɛ a ɛma obi ho dwo: Eyi yɛ adwene a ɛnteɛ a wɔtaa nya. Ɛnyɛ wɔn a wontumi nsa wɔn yare no nkutoo na wɔde sa yare a ɛma obi ho dwo no. Ɛfa kokoram ayaresa mu nsunsuanso bɔne te sɛ ɛyaw ne akisikuru a wobedi ho dwuma, na wɔaboa ma wɔakura asetra pa mu ho. Wobetumi de saa ɔhwɛ yi ama wɔ kokoram no fã biara mu.

Dɛn na ɛba wɔ ayaresa akyi?

Wɔ ayaresa akyi no, ayarefo bɛyɛ 80% kɔ ``remission``, tebea a kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni mu. Nanso, asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ kokoram no ``bɛsan aba bio``.

• Kokoram a wohu no ntɛm no, ɛsan ba bio bɛyɛ 25%.
• Kokoram a ɛtrɛw, a ɛkɔ akyiri no betumi asan aba bio wɔ nsɛm a ɛkɔ 80% mu.

Enti, wɔ ayaresa akyi mpo no, ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn wɔ bere a wɔahyɛ no mu na wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu.Eyi ho hia paa, titiriw wɔ mfe anum a edi kan no mu.

Nnipa a Wɔnya Nkwa Nkyɛ

Mma akontaabu ahorow yi nnyɛ wo hu. Eyinom yɛ sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, egyina nsɛm a efi ayarefo mpempem pii hɔ so ara kwa. Wo tebea no betumi ayɛ soronko koraa, eye sen saa koraa. Eyinom yɛ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a yɛbɛte sɛnea yare no mu yɛ den no ase ara kwa.

• Sɛ kokoram no yɛ fallopian tubes (ɛhɔnom) nkutoo a: Mfe 5 nkwa nna yɛ 94%.
• Sɛ atrɛw akɔ akwaa a ɛbɛn hɔ mu (Regional): mfe 5 nkwa nna yɛ 53%.
• Sɛ atrɛw akɔ akwaa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri (Akyirikyiri): mfe 5 nkwa nna yɛ 44%.

So akwan bi wɔ hɔ a wobɛfa so abɔ wo ho ban afi kokoram yi ho?

Ɛwom sɛ wontumi nsiw ano koraa de, nanso nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a yebetumi ayɛ de atew asiane no so.

Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu anya nufu, awotwaa, anaa awotwaa mu kokoram a, ebia wobɛpɛ sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa fa awosu mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔbɛyɛ de ahu BRCA awosu mu abɔde no ho. Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae no a, ebia wobɛpɛ sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo susuw ho sɛ ebia wɔbɛyɛ salpingo-oophorectomy (oprehyɛn a wɔde beyi awotwaa ne awotwaa mu ntini a wɔde siw ano) a wɔde siw ano bere a woawo mma awie no. Eyi betumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya kokoram no so bɛyɛ 96%.

Nea ɛka ho no, saa nneɛma yi betumi aboa ma asiane no so atew:

• Aduan pa a ahoɔden wom a wobedi ne nnam a wobɛkɔ so ayɛ.
• Mu duru a ɛfata a wobɛkɔ so akura mu.
• Gyae sigaretnom ne nsanom so anaasɛ tew so.
• Sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a, ma wo mma nufu.
• Fa akwan a wɔde siw awo ano a hormone wom di dwuma, te sɛ nnuru a wɔde siw awo ano (nanso sɛ wowɔ BRCA awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa nkyerɛ sɛ ebia eyi fata wo anaa).