Dɛn ne HIV Viral Load? Momma yɛnka ho asɛm tiawa

Sɛ wɔahu sɛ wowɔ HIV a, ebia woate sɛ wo duruyɛfo reka ‘viral load’ ho asɛm. Sɛ ɔka nsɛm te sɛ, "Ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ wo viral load," "Momma yɛnhwɛ sɛ wo viral load no so atew anaa," ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ den kakra. Dɛn na eyi kyerɛ ankasa? Dɛn nti na sɔhwɛ yi ho hia w’akwahosan saa? Mma ɛnhaw wo, yɛbɛkyerɛkyerɛ biribiara mu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ den so a wubetumi ate ase.

Dɛn ankasa ne HIV Viral Load?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, HIV mmoawa dodow yɛ HIV mmoawa dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu nhwɛsode bi mu. Sɛ yɛbɛka no pɛpɛɛpɛ a, ɛkyerɛ HIV mmoawa no awosu mu nneɛma (RNA) dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mililita biako mu (ɛno yɛ mogya a ɛtɔ bɛyɛ 20).

Susuw ho saa kwan yi so. Sɛ wo nipadua yɛ fie a, HIV mmoawa no te sɛ obi a wahyɛn saa fie no mu. Virus no dɔɔso denam ne ho mfonini a ɔyɛ wɔ nipadua no mu no so. Mmoawa a ɛdɔɔso kyerɛ sɛ mmoawa no retrɛw denneennen na ɛreyɛ ne ho mfonini wɔ nipadua no mu. Mmoawa dodow a ɛba fam kyerɛ sɛ ɛwom sɛ mmoawa no wɔ nipadua no mu de, nanso ne dwumadi ne ne dodow sua koraa.

Botaeɛ titire a ɛwɔ ayaresa a yɛfa ma HIV yareɛ, kyerɛ sɛ, antiretroviral therapy (ART) , ne sɛ yɛbɛsiw mmoawa no kwan sɛ ɛbɛdɔɔso wɔ nipadua no mu na yɛde mmoawa no dodoɔ akɔ baabi a ɛba fam araa ma wɔrentumi mfa nhwehwɛmu mpo nhunu, kyerɛ sɛ, ɛbɛduru baabi a "wontumi nhunu" .

Dɛn na saa mmoawa dodow ho sɔhwɛ yi hwehwɛ?

Sɛ wowɔ HIV a, wo duruyɛfo de saa mmoawa dodow nhwehwɛmu yi bedi dwuma esiane nneɛma pii nti. Ɛte sɛ gauge bi a ɛwɔ kar dashboard so. Sɛnea ɛkyerɛ wo sɛnea engine no reyɛ adwuma no, saa ara na sɔhwɛ yi betumi aka wo nipadua akwahosan ne sɛnea w’ayaresa no di yiye ho nsɛm pii akyerɛ wo.

• Hwɛ sɛnea w’ayaresa no reyɛ adwuma yiye: Eyi ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara. Sɛ wufi ase ART wie a, ɛsɛ sɛ wo mmoawa dodow no so tew nkakrankakra. Eyi ne ɔkwan a wo duruyɛfo betumi afa so ahwɛ ahu sɛ nnuru a worenom no reyɛ adwuma.
• Si ayaresa ho gyinae: Fa no sɛ wo mmoawa a ɛwɔ wo mu no da so ara te saa ara anaasɛ ɛrekɔ soro bio. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ nnuru a wonom mprempren no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye, anyɛ saa a ebia mmoawa no abɛyɛ nea nnuru no tumi ko tia. Afei wo duruyɛfo betumi asesa w’aduru no.
• Sɔ nkokoaa a ɛnanom a wɔwɔ HIV awo wɔn hwɛ: Sɛ ɛna bi a ɔwɔ HIV wo akokoaa a, wɔde nhwehwɛmu yi di dwuma de hu ntɛm ara sɛ ebia akokoaa no anya bi anaa.
• Si so dua sɛ obi anya ɔyare mmoawa a ɛba ntɛm:Ɛtɔ da bi a, wɔ adapɛn kakraa a edi kan bere a obi anya HIV akyi no, ebia nhwehwɛmu afoforo rentumi nhu no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Nanso ɔyare mmoawa dodow ho nhwehwɛmu betumi asi so dua.
• Hwɛ hu sɛ worenom w’aduru no yiye: Sɛ woannom w’aduru no bere ano na woamfa no yiye a, wo mmoawa no betumi akɔ soro bio. Enti sɔhwɛ yi yɛ nkaebɔ ma wo ne wo duruyɛfo no wɔ hia a ɛho hia sɛ monom mo nnuru no yiye no ho.

Bere bɛn na wɔyɛ ɔyare mmoawa dodow ho nhwehwɛmu no?

Mpɛn pii no, wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi bere a wodi kan hu sɛ wowɔ HIV no. Ɛbɛkyerɛ wo wo mfiase viral load. Afei, wɔbɛsan ayɛ wo nhwehwɛmu bio bɛyɛ asram abien kosi abiɛsa wɔ bere a woafi ART ase akyi. Ɛno na wɔbɛhwɛ sɛ ayaresa no reyɛ adwuma anaa.

Ɛno akyi no, sɛ biribiara kɔ yiye a, wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ wo sɛ wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi asram abiɛsa kosi asia biara . Nanso, nhyehyɛe yi betumi ayɛ soronko a egyina w’akwahosan so. Wɔbɛka sɔhwɛ yi ho nso sɛ yɛ nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔfrɛ no CD4 cell count, a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ahoɔden te.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ no?

Eyi yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den koraa. Wɔfa wo mogya bi na wɔde kɔ aduruyɛdan mu na wɔde ɔkwan titiriw bi a wɔfrɛ no nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) sɔ hwɛ .

Saa kwan yi ma wotumi susuw mmoawa dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no pɛpɛɛpɛ yiye.

Dɛn na ɛba ansa na sɔhwɛ no aba ne bere a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no?

Ɛho nhia sɛ woyɛ ahosiesie titiriw biara ma eyi. Wubetumi adidi na woanom sɛnea ɛsɛ, anom nnuru a wode di dwuma da biara da, na woakɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu.

Wɔ lab no, ɔyarehwɛfo anaa mfiridwumayɛfo bi de ade ketewaa bi bedi dwuma de agye mogya afi ntini bi a ɛwɔ wo basa mu mu. Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho yɛ wo yaw kakra bere a wode ade no hyɛ mu na woyi no, nanso ɛtra hɔ sikɔne kakraa bi pɛ. Afei wɔde mogya no kɔma sɛ wɔnkɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu.

Asiane a ɛwɔ mogya a wɔbɛtwe mu no sua koraa, nanso wɔ nsɛm a ɛntaa nsi mu no, nea edidi so yi betumi asi:

• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ho yɛ slob
• Akuru a ɛdan bruu na ɛte sɛ mogya a ɛretu (hematoma) wɔ baabi a akisikuru no wɔ no
• Ɔyare mmoawa (eyi ntaa nsi koraa) .
• Mogya a ɛretu kɔ so.

Dɛn na gyinapɛn ahorow a ɛwɔ sɔhwɛ amanneɛbɔ no mu no kyerɛ?

Wɔbɛbɔ wo aba no ho amanneɛ wɔ "copies/mL." Eyi ne sɛnea mmoawa no dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mililita biako mu. Saa bo yi betumi afi nea ɛba fam te sɛ 20/mL kosi 100,000/mL.

Nanso adeɛ a ɛho hia wɔ ha ne sɛ ɛnyɛ sɛ wobɛhwɛ boɔ baako, na mmom wobɛhunu sɛ wo boɔ rekɔ fam anaasɛ ɛrekɔ soro bere kɔ so. Sɛ wo viral load so retew a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo ART reyɛ adwuma yiye. Sɛ ɛrenya nkɔanim a, ɛho behia sɛ wo duruyɛfo no san susuw w’ayaresa nhyehyɛe no ho.

Momma yɛnkyerɛkyerɛ saa gyinapɛn ahorow yi mu kakra wɔ pon a ɛwɔ ase ha no so.

So "undetectable" kyerɛ sɛ wɔasa HIV yare?

Enti, sɛ wudu baabi a wuntumi nhu mpo a, ɛho hia sɛ wonom wo nnuru sɛnea wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no wo nkwa nna nyinaa. Sɛ obi ntumi nhu a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ w’aduru no reyɛ adwuma yiye, w’akwahosan pa, na wuntumi mfa nna so nnya HIV nkɔ obi foforo so.

Dɛn na woyɛ bere a wo nsa aka amanneɛbɔ no ne sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ hɔ a?

Mpɛn pii no, egye dapɛn biako anaa abien ansa na amanneɛbɔ no aba. Bisa wo duruyɛfo bere a wo nsa bɛka amanneɛbɔ no ne ɔkwan a wobɛfa so ahu. Sɛ wo nsa ka amanneɛbɔ no a, hwɛ hu sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa gyinapɛn ahorow a ɛwɔ mu no ho. Ɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ nea ɛkyerɛ ne wo daakye ayaresa nhyehyɛe mu.

Sɛ ɔyare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi te sɛ ɛyaw, ɔfe, anaa akisikuru wɔ baabi a wɔtwe mogya no a, kɔ Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Ntɛmntɛm so (ETU) ntɛm ara.

Sɛ wontumi nhu me hokafo no ɔyare mmoawa a, so ɛsɛ sɛ menom PrEP?

Eyi yɛ asɛmmisa a ɛho hia paa. PrEP (Pre-exposure prophylaxis) yɛ aduru a obi a onni HIV betumi adi kan anom de asiw ɔyare no ano.

Sɛ wo hokafo no wɔ HIV, na anyɛ yiye koraa no, wontumi nhu wɔn mmoawa dodow bere nyinaa asram 6, na wɔrenom wɔn nnuru no yiye a, ɛnyɛ asiane mu sɛ wubenya HIV wɔ nna mu.

Nanso, sɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a ne mmoawa dodow boro dodow a wontumi nhu, anaasɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɔpa n’aduru no a, ɛyɛ nea asiane biara nni ho sɛ wobɛnom PrEP. Eyi yɛ gyinaesi a ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo no susuw ho. Ɔbɛma wo afotu a eye sen biara wɔ wo tebea no ho.

HIV mmoawa dodow yɛ nea ɛkyerɛ sɛnea HIV yɛ adwuma wɔ wo nipadua mu. Saa sɔhwɛ yi yɛ adwinnade a ɛho hia a ɛboa wo duruyɛfo ma ɔhwɛ w’akwahosan ne sɛnea w’ayaresa no di yiye. Sɛ aduru biako ntumi nyɛ adwuma a, ayaresa afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aboa ma wo mmoawa dodow no so atew. Enti mma anidaso da.