Momma yensua nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ho ade pɛpɛɛpɛ. Wo nsɛmmisa nyinaa ho mmuae!

Mpɛn ahe na woate asɛmfua "antibiotic"? Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn, sɛ wotɔ nnuru wɔ nnurutɔnbea, anaa mpo sɛ wo ne w’adamfo bi rekasa a, wote asɛm yi, ɛnte saa? Dɛn ankasa ne nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa yi? So eye anaa enye ma yɛn nipadua? Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yesusuw ho pɔtee bere a yɛde redi dwuma no? Mede saa nkyerɛkyerɛmu yi aba nnɛ sɛ mɛbua nsɛmmisa bebree te sɛ yeinom wɔ w’adwene mu wɔ ɔkwan tiawa a wobɛtumi ate aseɛ so.

Dɛn ankasa ne aduru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa yɛ nnuru titiriw a wɔde sa nyarewa a mmoawa nketenkete a wɔfrɛ wɔn mmoawa de ba. Saa nnuru yi yɛ adwuma te sɛ asraafo a wɔatete wɔn titiriw a wɔtow hyɛ atamfo so wɔ ɔko mu nkutoo. Wɔkɔ mmoawa a wɔde yare no reba no nkyɛn tẽẽ na wɔsɛe wɔn, anaasɛ wɔma mmoawa no nnyin ma enti wontumi ntrɛw nkɔ nipadua no mu bio.

Nanso ade a ɛho hia sen biara wɔ ha ne sɛ nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa yɛ adwuma wɔ mmoawa a wɔde nyarewa ba nkutoo so. Kae sɛ, nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa rentumi nyɛ adwuma wɔ nyarewa a mmoawa de ba no so, sɛ nhwɛso no, atiridiinini, atiridiinini, ɔfe (a nsunsu nni mu), dengue, akisikuru, ne nea ɛkeka ho Eyi te saa efisɛ mmoawa ne mmoawa yɛ abɔde akuw abien a ɛsono emu biara koraa.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda mmoawa ne mmoawa ntam?

Ebia wobɛdwene sɛ, "Enti eyinom nyinaa yɛ abɔde nketewa, ɛnte saa? Dɛn nti na aduru a wɔde ma obiako no renyɛ adwuma mma ɔfoforo no?" Okay, mɛkyerɛkyerɛ saa asɛm no mu tiawa.

• Mmoawa yɛ mmoawa nketenkete kuw bi a wɔyɛ nkwammoaa biako na mpɛn pii no wɔn nkutoo tumi tra ase, kyekyɛ mu, na wɔn ankasa dɔɔso. Mmoawa pa wɔ yɛn nipadua mu ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia, ne mmoawa bɔne a wɔde nyarewa ba.
• Mmoawa yɛ nneɛma nketenkete koraa sen mmoawa na wɔn ankasa ntumi ntra ase. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔatumi atra ase, akyekyɛ mu, na wɔadɔɔso no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhyɛn nkwammoaa foforo a ɛte ase (nkwaboaa a ɛgye mmoawa) mu.

Wɔayɛ nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa sɛ ɛbɛsɛe mmoawa no afã horow bi (sɛ nhwɛso no, ɔyare mmoawa no nkwammoaa fasu) anaasɛ ɛbɛhaw wɔn asetra mu nneɛma (sɛ nhwɛso no, protein ahorow a wɔyɛ). Esiane sɛ mmoawa nhyehyɛe ne wɔn nkwa nna yɛ soronko koraa wɔ mmoawa de ho nti, nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ntumi nkum mmoawa.

Nea ɛho hia: Enti, sɛ wo nya atiridii a, nmmisa oduruyɛfo no sɛ, "Ma me aduru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa." Sɛ oduruyɛfo no amma wo nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a, ebetumi aba sɛ esiane sɛ ɛnyɛ nea ɛfata wo yare no nti.

Ɛho hia dɛn sɛ wubenya aduru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa?

Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a wohuu no yɛ nsakrae kɛse wɔ nnuruyɛ mu. Bere bi a atwam no, ɔyare mmoawa a ɛnyɛ den na ekunkum nnipa pii. Susuw nnipa dodow a wowuwui esiane kuru ketewaa bi a wonyaa ɔyare no anaasɛ menewam yare (te sɛ strep throat) nti no ho hwɛ.

Nanso wɔ 1928 mu no, nyansahufo bi a wɔfrɛ no Alexander Fleming huu aduru a edi kan a ekum ɔyare mmoawa , penicillin , wɔ akwanhyia mu. Ohui sɛ nsunsu bi (te sɛ nsunsu a enyin wɔ borɔdɔma so) siw mmoawa nyin. Ɛhɔ na nnubɔne a ɛyɛ nwonwa yi akwantu no fii ase. Ɛnnɛ, nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa abɛyɛ nea ɛho hia na wɔde asa nyarewa pii a mmoawa de ba, te sɛ ahurututu mu yare, nsamanwaw, honam ani yare, ne nsu mu yare. Wɔde siw nyarewa ano nso wɔ oprehyɛn akyi.

Nnuru ahorow a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ne sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma

Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ahorow ɔhaha pii wɔ hɔ nnɛ. Ɛnyɛ wɔn nyinaa na wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ ɔkwan koro so. Ebi ne:

• Ɛma mmoawa no ntumi nyɛ wɔn nkwammoaa fasu. Afei wogyaw mmoawa no a wontumi mmɔ wɔn ho ban na wowuwu.
• Ɛma mmoawa no ntumi nyɛ protein a wohia no. Mmoawa ntumi ntra ase a protein nni hɔ.
• Wɔsɛe mmoawa no DNA, anaasɛ wosiw ne ho mfonini. Afei mmoawa no ntumi nkyɛ na wɔnnɔɔso.

Oduruyɛfo bi begyina nneɛma pii so apaw nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ama wo, te sɛ mmoawa ko a ɛde wo yare no bae, nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a saa mmoawa no te nka, mfe a woadi, ne sɛ ebia wowɔ nyarewa afoforo.

Nnuru bi a ekum ɔyare mmoawa yɛ "broad-spectrum," a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebetumi ayɛ adwuma atia mmoawa ahorow pii. Afoforo nso yɛ "narrow-spectrum," a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔde wɔn ani si mmoawa ahorow pɔtee kakraa bi pɛ so.

Hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkae saa nneɛma yi bere a wode nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa redi dwuma no!

Ɛwom sɛ nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa yɛ nnuru a ɛsom bo a egye nkwa de, nanso sɛ wɔamfa anni dwuma yiye a, ebetumi de asiane aba. Enti, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ yiye paa wɔ saa nsɛm yi mu.

1. Hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛnom nnuru a oduruyɛfo no akyerɛw ama wo no nyinaa:

• Sɛ wo ho tɔ wo wɔ nnansa anaa nnansa mu mpo a, nom aduru no nna dodow a wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo no nyinaa. Sɛ wugyae a, mmoawa bɔne a aka wɔ wo nipadua mu no betumi ama woayare bio. Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, na mmom mmoawa a wɔaka no nso betumi atumi agyina aduru no ano. Sɛ ɛba saa a, ebia aduru a wɔde bɛma wo bere foforo no rentumi nyɛ adwuma.
• Fa no sɛ, oduruyɛfo no akyerɛw w’adamfo Sumanawati nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa nnafua 7 esiane sɛ ɔwɔ menewam yare nti. Sɛ ogyae aduru no nom wɔ nnafua 3 akyi a, mmoawa a aka no betumi ama wayare bio, na ebia ɛde tebea a ɛyɛ hu te sɛ atiridiinini aba.

2. Fa nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a oduruyɛfo akyerɛw ama no nkutoo di dwuma:

• Mfa nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a aka a wɔde maa wo esiane yare bi a atwam no nni dwuma bio. Ebia aduru no rentumi nyɛ adwuma mma saa yare no, anaasɛ dodow a wɔde ma no rennɔɔso.
• Mfa nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔde ama w’adamfo anaa wo busuani bi a wususuw sɛ ɛfata wo.

3. Mfa wo nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa mma obi foforo.

4. Mma wo werɛ mmfi sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo sɛ wowɔ nnuru biara ho adwenemhaw, worenom nnuru a wɔde sa nyarewa afoforo, woanyinsɛn, anaasɛ worema nufu a, efisɛ nnuru bi a ekum ɔyare mmoawa mfata mma nsɛm a ɛtete saa.

5. Hu nneɛma bɔne a efi mu ba:

• Nnuru pii a ekum ɔyare mmoawa betumi de ɔhaw nketenkete aba. Nneɛma te sɛ yafunu a ɛyɛ yaw, akisikuru, ɔfe, ne honam ani akisikuru nketenkete. Mpɛn pii no, eyinom nyɛ aniberesɛm na ɛsa bere a wɔagyae aduru no nna kakraa bi akyi.
• Nanso, sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome, w’anim hohoro, anaasɛ wo nipadua nyinaa ho tew a, ebetumi ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew kɛse. Sɛ eyi ba a , gyae aduru no nom ntɛm ara na kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.

Dɛn ne nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a ɛyɛ hu a ɛko tia?

Eyi ne akwahosan ho haw kɛse a ɛwɔ wiase nnɛ. Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔko tia ne bere a mmoawa no mu yɛ den araa ma bere kɔ so no, wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa mu ma wɔko tia saa nnuru no. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, mmoawa bɛyɛ "nyansa" na wɔhwehwɛ akwan a wɔbɛfa so aguan nnuru a yɛde ma wɔn de kum wɔn no.

Ade titiriw nti a ɛte saa ne sɛ yɛde nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so.

• Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔnom bere a ɛho nhia (e.g. ma atiridii a ɔyare mmoawa de ba).
• Aduru no a wɔrennom bere a oduruyɛfo no akyerɛw ama no no nyinaa.
• Kɔtɔ nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa fi nnurutɔnbea a wommisa oduruyɛfo no.

Sɛ nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔko tia no kɔ soro a, ebia ɔyare mmoawa a wɔtaa nya mpo bɛyɛ nea wontumi nsa. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ nyarewa a kan no na wɔde aduru a ɛnyɛ den na ɛsa no behia ayaresa foforo a emu yɛ den na ne bo yɛ den. Ebetumi mpo ama "superbugs" a aduru foforo biara ntumi nsa no aba.

Yɛn nyinaa wɔ asɛyɛde kɛse sɛ yebesiw eyi ano. Ade a eye sen biara a yebetumi ayɛ ne sɛ yɛde nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa bedi dwuma sɛnea oduruyɛfo no akyerɛ yɛn no.

Dɛn na ɛyɛ soronko wɔ nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔde ma mmofra no ho?

Ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye paa bere a wode nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa rema mmofra no.

• Dose: Wɔnam wɔn mu duru so na ɛkyerɛ nnuru dodow a wɔde kum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔde ma mmofra. Wɔrentumi mfa dodow a wɔde ma mpanyimfo no mma mmofra.
• Ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ: Nnuru ahorow bi a ekum ɔyare mmoawa no mfata mmofra mfe anaa wɔn nipadua a ɛrenyin no.
• Mmofra oduruyɛfo afotu: Bere nyinaa ma wo ba no nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a mmofra oduruyɛfo akyerɛw ama no nkutoo, sɛnea wɔka no pɛpɛɛpɛ, ne bere tenten a wɔka no.
• Mmisa bere nyinaa sɛ wɔmfa nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa mma nneɛma te sɛ atiridiinini ne ɔfe a ɔyare mmoawa de ba. Nnuruyɛfo taa kyerɛw nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ma ɔyare mmoawa te sɛ ɔyare mmoawa a ɛma obi nya tonsillitis, aso mu yare bi, ne nsu mu yare (UTIs).

So wuntumi nnya nkwa wɔ mmoawa a wɔde nyarewa ba mu a wunni nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa?

Aane! Nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a yebetumi ayɛ de asiw ɔyare mmoawa ano ansa na aba:

• Ma wo ho tew: Fa samina ne nsu hohoro wo nsa yiye, titiriw ansa na woadidi, bere a wode aguaree adi dwuma awie, ne bere a woafi abɔnten aba fie no.
• Nya Vaccinations: Vaccinations bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi asiw mmoawa nyarewa bi ano (e.g. ahurututu mu yare, meningitis, whooping cough). Nya wɔn wɔ bere ano.
• Aduan mu ahobammɔ: Di aduan a wɔanoa no yiye na ɛho tew.
• Hohoro akuru no ho yiye: Hohoro akuru nketewa mpo ho yiye na sɛ ɛho hia a, fa aduru bi gu so.

Nneɛma a ɛho hia paa a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, enti misusuw sɛ seesei woanya nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ho ntease pa. Nea etwa to no, momma yɛnkae yɛn ho nsɛm yi bio:

• Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa yɛ nnuru a ɛsom bo a wɔde sa ɔyare mmoawa nkutoo . Wɔnnyɛ adwuma ntia nyarewa a mmoawa de ba.
• Sɛ oduruyɛfo kyerɛ wo nkutoo a, fa nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa di dwuma bere nyinaa, na sɛnea wɔakyerɛ no nkutoo .
• Hwɛ hu sɛ wubewie nnuru a wo duruyɛfo akyerɛw ama wo no nyinaa. Mma nnyae sɛ wobɛnom esiane sɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no ano abrɛ ase nti.
• Momma yɛn nyinaa mmoa mma yensiw tebea a asiane wom a ɛne nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔko tia no ano. Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so ayɛ saa ne sɛ wobɛkwati nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔde bedi dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛho nhia so.
• Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa wɔ biribi ho a, nfɛre na bisa wo duruyɛfo.

Yɛrepɛ sɛ wunya asetra a ahoɔden wom!

` Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa, Mmoawa, Virus, Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa, Nyarewa, Aduru, Akwahosan, Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa, Ayaresa