Momma yensua biribiara fa ahurututu mu kokoram ho nhwehwɛmu ho!

So woyɛ obi a ɔnom sigaret ? Anaasɛ woyɛ obi a na wonom sigaret a seesei woagyae? Sɛ saa a, asɛm yi bɛyɛ nea ɛho hia wo paa. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka yareɛ bi a nnipa pii suro, nanso sɛ wɔhunu no ntɛm a, ɛwɔ hokwan kɛseɛ sɛ wɔbɛsa no ho asɛm. Ɛno ne ahurututu mu kokoram . Mpɛn pii no, ebetumi aka akyi dodo bere a efi ase da sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow adi no. Enti, ɛnnɛ yɛreka ɔkwan bi a ebetumi ahu kokoram a afi ase reyɛ wɔ nipadua no mu, bere mpo a sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni ho no ho asɛm.

Dɛn ne ahurututu mu kokoram ho nhwehwɛmu?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ahurututu mu kokoram ho nhwehwɛmu yɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔde hu sɛ ebia wowɔ ahurututu mu kokoram ansa na woanya sɛnkyerɛnne biara . Wɔde scan titiriw bi a wɔyɛ pɛnkoro afe biara na ɛyɛ eyi. Wɔfrɛ eyi CT scan a wɔde di dwuma kakraa bi (LDCT).

Fa no sɛ ɛte sɛ nea yɛretwa ahurututu a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no mfonini a emu da hɔ yiye. Yebetumi afi mfonini ahorow yi mu ahu kokoram nkwammoaa (akisikuru) akuwakuw nketenkete paa a wontumi nhu mpo.

Ebia wobɛdwene sɛ, "Menni ɔhaw biara, menni ɔfe, menni atiridiinini, adɛn nti na anka mɛhwehwɛ kokoram?" Ɛno ne ɔhaw no. Ade a enye koraa wɔ ahurututu mu kokoram ho ne sɛ ɛnkyerɛ sɛnkyerɛnne biara wɔ ne mfiase . Edu bere a sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ɔfe, atiridiinini , ne koko mu yaw befi ase ada adi no, ebia na kokoram no atrɛw akɔ akyiri na ayɛ den sɛ wɔbɛsa. Nanso nea saa `screening` yi yɛ ne sɛ ɛbɛkyere kokoram no ansa na adu saa tebea a ɛyɛ hu no mu, bere a ɛda so ara yɛ afifide ketewaa no. Afei hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wɔde ayaresa bɛsa no koraa no yɛ kɛse koraa.

Hena na ɔpɛ sɛ ɔyɛ sɔhwɛ yi?

Eyi nyɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔkamfo kyerɛ obiara. Wɔkamfo kyerɛ titiriw ma nnipa a asiane kɛse wom sɛ wobenya ahurututu mu kokoram nkutoo. Sɛnea aduruyɛ ho abenfo kyerɛ no, sɛ wudu gyinapɛn abiɛsa a edidi so yi nyinaa ho a, nyansa wom sɛ wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi pɛnkoro afe biara.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobu ‘Pack-Year’?

Ebia eyi bɛyɛ te sɛ asɛmfua foforo, nanso nokwarem no, ɛyɛ mmerɛw koraa. ‘Pack-year’ yɛ nea wɔde susuw sigaret dodow a woanom wɔ w’asetra mu. Ɔkwan a wobɛfa so ahu no ni:

Fa mfe dodow a woanom no bɔ sigaret kotoku dodow a wonom da biara (kae sɛ sigaret 20 na ɛwɔ kotoku biako mu).

Ma yɛnhwɛ nhwɛso bi:

• Nhwɛso 1: Sunil nom sigaret pack 1 (sigaret 20) da biara mfe 20.
• Ne ‘pack-years’ = mfe 20 x pack 1 da biara = 20 ‘pack-years’ .
• Nhwɛso 2: Kamal nom sigaret mfe 10. Nanso na ɔnom sigaret pack 2 (sigaret 40) da biara.
• Ne ‘pack-years’ = mfe 10 x pack 2 da biara = ‘pack-years’ 20 .
• Nhwɛso 3: Piyal nom sigaret kotoku fã (sigaret 10) da biara mfe 40.
• Ne ‘pack-years’ = mfe 40 x pack 0.5 da biara = ‘pack-years’ 20 .

Enti, sɛ wo ‘pack-year’ dodow yɛ 20 anaa nea ɛboro saa, na wudu gyinapɛn abien a aka no ho a, ɛsɛ sɛ wususuw ho sɛ wobɛyɛ sɔhwɛ yi. Sɛ wunnim saa akontaabu yi a, ɛnyɛ hwee. Wubetumi ne w’abusua oduruyɛfo akasa na woabisa sɛ wɔmma no ntease.

Sɛnea scan no kɔ so

So ɛsɛ sɛ misiesie me ho ansa na wɔayɛ scan no?

Mpɛn pii no, ahosiesie titiriw biara nni hɔ a ɛho hia ma saa `LDCT` scan yi. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ enhia sɛ wudi mmuada anaa wonom nnuru titiriw biara. Nanso, sɛ beae a wɔreyɛ scan no ama wo akwankyerɛ afoforo a, di akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ. Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhyɛ ntade a ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobɛsesa na woatew dade nneɛma a ɛwɔ wo nipadua so, te sɛ agude ne dɔn so.

Ade foforo a ɛho hia ne sɛ, sɛ wowɔ ɔhome mu yare te sɛ atiridii anaa ɔfe da a wɔbɛyɛ scan no a, di kan ma nea ɔhwɛ scan no so no nhu. Sɛ wɔyɛ scan no wɔ bere a ɛte saa mu a, ebetumi aka sɛnea nea efi mu ba no yɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ no. Enti ebia wɔbɛma wo da foforo.

Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ scan no?

Eyi nyɛ hu sɛnea ebia wubesusuw no. Ɛyɛ adeyɛ a ɛyɛ ntɛm yiye na ɛnyɛ yaw.

1. Nea edi kan no, mfiridwumayɛfo a ɔreyɛ scan no bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yi dade nneɛma, dɔn, anaa agude biara mfi wo nipadua mu. Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ hyɛ atade bi a wɔde bɛma wo fi w’asen so.

2. Afei wɔbɛma woada mpa a wɔde scanner ayɛ so.

3. Saa bere yi de, ɔyarefo no nantew kɔ scanner a ne nsusuwii te sɛ donut kɛse bi mu.

4. Bere a afiri no di akɔneaba twa wo ho hyia na ɛretwa mfonini no, mpa no betumi akɔ n’anim na akɔ akyi kakra.

5. Saa bere yi de, mfiridwumayɛfo no bɛfa afiri a wɔde kasa so akasa akyerɛ wo na wama wo akwankyerɛ te sɛ nea wobɛhome, wobɛhome, na woakura wo home mu bere tiaa bi. Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wubedi akwankyerɛ ahorow yi akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ na ama nea ebefi mu aba no mu ada hɔ.

6. Ɛwom sɛ mfiridwumayɛfo no ne wo nni dan koro mu de, nanso ofi abɔnten rehwɛ biribiara na ɔne wo rekasa. Enti biribiara nni hɔ a enti ɛsɛ sɛ yesuro.

7. Sɛ wotwa mfonini a ɛho hia nyinaa wie a, mpa no fi adi bio, na wubetumi asɔre akɔ. Adeyɛ no nyinaa gye simma kakraa bi pɛ.

Asiane ne mfaso bɛn na ɛwɔ sɔhwɛ yi so?

Sɛnea ɛte wɔ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu biara ho no, asiane nketenkete ne mfaso akɛse nyinaa wɔ so. Momma yɛnhwɛ saa asɛm no.

Asiane ahorow a ɛwɔ mu

• Atoro a ɛyɛ papa: Eyi ne asiane titiriw. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ebia scan bɛkyerɛ akuru ketewaa bi wɔ ahurututu no mu a ɛte sɛ kokoram (pulmonary nodule), nanso ebia ɛnyɛ kokoram ankasa. Ahurututu mu ntini dodow no ara nyɛ asiane biara. Nanso, sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo (na ebia wɔyɛ no oprehyɛn mpo) kosi sɛ ɛbɛda adi pefee sɛ ɛyɛ kokoram anaasɛ ɛnte saa a, ebetumi ahaw adwene kɛse.
• Mframa a wɔde ma: Mframa dodow a efi LDCT scan mu ba no sua koraa. Ennu CT scan a wɔyɛ no daa no koraa. Nanso ɛnyɛ zero. Sɛ obi kɔ so de saa mframa yi di dwuma mfe pii a, ebetumi ama kokoram ho asiane no ayɛ kɛse kakra. Nanso sɛ wɔde toto asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi a ɔnom sigaret benya ahurututu mu kokoram ho a, asiane a ɛwɔ saa scan yi mu no sua koraa.
• Nneɛma a wohui wɔ akwanhyia mu:Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, scan a wɔyɛ de hwehwɛ ahurututu mu kokoram no betumi ahu tebea afoforo wɔ akwanhyia mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wobetumi ahu tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no COPD (ahurututu mu yare a enni sabea) anaasɛ akisikuru bi wɔ nufu no mu. Ebia eyinom bi behia ayaresa, bere a ebinom nso renhia. Nanso wobetumi de sɔhwɛ ne adwennwen a ɛho nhia nso aba.

Mfaso a ɛwɔ so

• Wohu ntɛm: Wotumi hu kokoram nketenkete mpo a ɛyɛ nketewa dodo sɛ wobehu wɔ koko X-ray a wɔyɛ no daa mu wɔ CT scan so. Dodow a wohu kokoram ntɛm no, dodow no ara na hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wɔbɛsa no yare na wɔasa no yɛ kɛse.
• Mframa dodow a ɛba fam: Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, eyi de mframa dodow a ɛba fam di dwuma sen CT scan a wɔyɛ no daa, enti asiane no sua.

Nneɛma a ebia ɛwɔ w’amanneɛbɔ no mu

Sɛ wɔyɛ scan wie a, radiologist ne wo duruyɛfo bɛhwɛ mfonini ahorow no mu na wɔama wo amanneɛbɔ. Ebia nsɛm a ɛte sɛ eyinom na ɛwɔ amanneɛbɔ no mu. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea ɛkyerɛ a ɛnyɛ den.

Sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, dɛn na woyɛ akyi?

Sɛ biribi a ɛyɛ adwenem naayɛ wɔ scan amanneɛbɔ no so a, mma ɛnhaw wo. Ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ kokoram. Nea ɛkyerɛ ara ne sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwehwɛ mu kɔ akyiri. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛkyerɛ biribiara mu akyerɛ wo na wakyerɛ wo nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ akyi.

Anamɔn a edi hɔ no betumi ayɛ eyinom mu biako:

• San yɛ LDCT scan wɔ asram 3-6 mu (sɛ wobɛhwɛ sɛ akisikuru no asesa anaa) .
• `Diagnostic CT` scan anaa `PET/CT` scan a ɛkɔ akyiri.
• Nhyiam a wɔne kokoram ho ɔyaresafo bi rehyia.
• Sɛ wopɛ ɔhome mu tebea afoforo a ɛnyɛ kokoram a, kɔ ahurututu ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.

Bere bɛn na yebetumi agyae sɔhwɛ yi yɛ?

Saa afe afe sɔhwɛ yi ho nhia mma nkwa. Wubetumi asiw ano sɛ:

• Sɛ woadi mfe 81 anaa nea ɛboro saa a.
• Sɛ woanom sigaret mfe 15 anaa nea ɛboro saa (dodow a woannom sigaret bere tenten no, dodow no ara na asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya kokoram no so tew).
• Sɛ, esiane akwahosan tebea foforo nti, wohu sɛ wowɔ ahurututu mu kokoram a edi kan nanso wuntumi nyɛ oprehyɛn, anaasɛ wompɛ sɛ wɔbɛyɛ wo oprehyɛn a.

Sɛ yɛde rewie a, ahurututu mu kokoram yɛ yare a emu yɛ den. Nanso, saa scan a ɛnyɛ den yi a wɔyɛ no pɛnkoro afe biara no yɛ adwinnade a tumi wom a ebetumi ahu yare a emu yɛ den yi ntɛm na agye nnipa nkwa. Wontumi mfa mogya mu nhwehwɛmu nhu ahurututu mu kokoram. Enti, sɛ wususuw sɛ asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya yare yi a, yɛsrɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka eyi ho asɛm.Ebetumi ayɛ nea enti a ɛsɛ sɛ wugye wo nkwa.