So woyɛ obi a wopɛ agumadi? Ebia wobɔ agumadi bi te sɛ bɔɔlbɔ, volleyball, anaa netball. Anaasɛ ebia wutu mmirika, wuhuruw, anaa woma nneɛma a emu yɛ duru so. Na sɛ mpofirim ara wote ɛyaw a ano yɛ den wɔ wo kotodwe mu a ‘klik’ nnyigyei nso ɛ? Anaasɛ ebia obi bɛbɔ wo na wo kotodwe abɔ wo mu? Wɔ mmere te sɛ eyinom mu no, hokwan kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ wo MCL, wo kotodwe mu ntini a ɛho hia no betumi asɛe. Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka nea MCL tear yɛ, sɛnea ɛba, ne nea ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ wɔ ho ho asɛm.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne MCL tetew?
MCL gyina hɔ ma Medial Collateral Ligament . Wɔ Sinhala kasa mu no, ɛyɛ ntini titiriw bi a ɛwɔ kotodwe no mu. Fa no sɛ yɛn kotodwe yɛ nkwaa. Wɔka saa nkwaa yi dompe a ɛwɔ soro (femur) ne dompe a ɛwɔ fam (tibia) no bom, na wɔma kotodwe no ntumi nkɔ nkyɛn na ɛnam saa nhama a emu yɛ den a wɔfrɛ no MCL yi so ma ɛgyina pintinn. Ɛte sɛ hama a ɛyɛ den.
MCL tetew yɛ bere a saa ntini a ɛyɛ den yi asɛe no. Nneɛma a asɛe no betumi ayɛ ketewaa bi, anaasɛ ebetumi atetew koraa na apaapae ayɛ no asinasin abien.
Nhama atitiriw anan te sɛ eyi na ɛwɔ yɛn nkotodwe mu.
- Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL): Ntini a ɛwɔ kotodwe no mu.
- Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL): Nhama a ɛwɔ kotodwe akyi.
- Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL): Nhama abien a ɛte sɛ X a ɛwɔ kotodwe no mu no anim.
- Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL): Ɛyɛ akyi ntini abien a ɛte sɛ X a ɛwɔ kotodwe no mu no mu biako.
Wɔ saa baanan yi mu no, MCL ntini no na ɛtaa pira.
Sɛnea Wɔkyerɛ MCL Nusu (Grades of Tears) .
Wo duruyɛfo no bɛkyekyɛ sɛnea nusu no mu yɛ den no mu. Wɔakyekyɛ eyi mu ayɛ no afã atitiriw abiɛsa (abasobɔde ahorow). Sɛ wuhu eyi a, ɛbɛboa wo ma woate w’ayaresa no ase.
| Aba | Sɛnea nusu no te | Sɛnea wote nka |
|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 (nusu ketewaa bi) . | Nhama a ɛwɔ bond no mu no nnu 10% na wɔatetew. Nkitahodi no da so ara mu yɛ den. | Ɛyaw kakra wɔ kotodwe no mu na ɛyɛ mmerɛw bere a wɔde wɔn nsa ka no. Kotodwe no gyina pintinn. Mitumi nantew. |
| Grade 2 (nusu a ɛkɔ fam) . | Nhama no fã titiriw bi atetew, nanso ɛntetew koraa. | Ɛyaw a emu yɛ den na ɛyɛ mmerɛw wɔ kotodwe no mu. Ebia kotodwe no bɛte nka sɛ ayɛ mmerɛw kakra na entumi nnyina. Ebia ɛbɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛnantew. |
| Grade 3 (nusu a emu yɛ den) . | Wɔatetew ade a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma no mu koraa na wɔatetew mu ayɛ no asinasin abien. | Ɛyaw a emu yɛ den wɔ hɔ. Kotodwe no ntumi nnyina yiye, ɛte sɛ nea "ɛrehuruw". Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ɛbɛyɛ nea entumi nyɛ yiye sɛ wubegyina hɔ a emu duru wɔ so. Mpɛn pii no, ntini afoforo te sɛ ACL nso sɛe. |
Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde MCL tetew ba?
Nea ɛde MCL tetew ba titiriw ne ɔhwe a emu yɛ den a wɔbɔ wɔ kotodwe no akyi. Fa no sɛ worebɔ bɔɔl na obi abɔ wo na wabɔ wo wɔ wo kotodwe akyi, na ama wo kotodwe akɔ mu. Eyi betumi ama MCL ntini a ɛwɔ mu no atetew.
Bio nso, MCL nusu nso betumi afi:
- Ɔkwan a wɔfa so sesa mpofirim: Bere a wɔde nan biako si fam na wɔdan nipadua no ntɛmntɛm kɔ ɔfã foforo no. Eyi abu so wɔ agumadi te sɛ basketball ne netball mu.
- Sɛ wosi fam wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so: Sɛ wosi fam wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so bere a kotodwe no kotow na ɛbɔ fam no.
- Kotodwe a ɛtrɛw dodo: Eyi betumi asi wɔ agumadi te sɛ skiing mu.
- Heavy lifting: Bere a wode gyinabea a ɛnteɛ ma biribi a emu yɛ duru so.
- Adwennwen a wɔtaa yɛ: Sɛ kotodwe no wɔ adwennwen mu bere tenten a, MCL ntini no betumi ayɛ mmerɛw na atetew a ɛka ketewaa bi mpo mpo te sɛ rɔba dedaw bi.
Dɛn ne MCL tetew ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?
Ebia wubenya saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa bere a MCL tetew no.
- Sɛ opira no ba a , wɔte nnyigyei bi a ‘ɛbɔ’ anaasɛ ‘ɛpaapae’ fi kotodwe no mu .
- Ɛyaw a ɛba kotodwe no mu .
- Sɛ wode wo nsa ka wo kotodwe mu mpo a, ɛyɛ yaw .
- Nkotodwe a ɛho ahonhon na ɛyɛ den .
- Suro sɛ kotodwe no "bɛpopa" anaasɛ "ɛbɛkotow" bere a wode mu duru reto nan no so noNkate (a entumi nnyina pintinn).
- Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo kotodwe akɔhyɛ anaasɛ woatoto bere a wokotow anaa woteɛteɛ no.
Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ, sɛ wutumi nantew nanso wo kotodwe da so ara yɛ wo yaw anaasɛ wohonhon a, mmu w’ani ngu so. Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.
Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu eyi, Oduruyɛfo?
Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, obedi kan abisa wo sɛnea opira no bae no ho asɛm. Afei ɔbɛhwehwɛ wo kotodwe mu.
- Nipadua mu Nhwehwɛmu: Oduruyɛfo no de ne nsa bɛmia wo kotodwe mu de ahu baabi pɔtee a ɛyaw no wɔ. Afei, bere a wo kotodwe abɔ kakra no, ɔde nhyɛso fi abɔnten bɛhwɛ sɛnea kotodwe no bue kɔ mu (valgus stress test). Eyi bɛma woanya sɛnea MCL ntini no mu ayɛ hare no ho adwene.
- MRI Scan: Eyi ne sɔhwɛ a eye sen biara a wɔde si so dua sɛ MCL atetew. MRI betumi akyerɛ pefee sɛ ntini no fã kɛse tetew, ne sɛ ebia afã afoforo te sɛ ACL no asɛe anaa.
- Ultrasound Scan: Eyi nso betumi ahwɛ sɛ nneɛma te sɛ MCL ntini no mu tetew ne nsu a aboaboa ano atwa ho ahyia anaa.
- X-ray: Wontumi nhu MCL tetew wɔ X-ray so efisɛ X-ray kyerɛ dompe no nkutoo. Nanso, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ X-ray na ama wɔatumi abubu abubu anaa opira foforo biara.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa MCL nusu?
Asɛmpa a ɛwɔ hɔ ma nnipa pii ne sɛ wobetumi asa MCL nusu dodow no ara a wɔnyɛ oprehyɛn . Esiane sɛ MCL ntini no wɔ mogya pa nti, ɛda adi sɛ ɛno nkutoo bɛsa.
Ayaresa a Ɛnyɛ Oprehyɛn
- RICE kwan: Eyi ne ayaresa a edi kan na ɛho hia sen biara.
- R - Ahomegye: Ma wo kotodwe home. Kwati mmirikatu, ahuruhuruw, anaa nneɛma afoforo a ɛde nhyɛso ba wo kotodwe so.
- I - Nsukyenee: Fa nsukyenee gu baabi a ɛyɛ yaw na ɛho ahonhon no simma 15-20 mpɛn pii da biara. Mfa nsukyenee nhyɛ wo were no so tẽẽ, fa ntama kyekyere ho.
- C - Compression: Fa elastic bandage kyekyere kotodwe no na ama woatumi asiw ahurututu no ano. Mfa nkyekyere no denneennen dodo .
- E - Elevation: Ma wo nan so nkɔ soro sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye biara. Eyi bɛma akisikuru so atew.
- Nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw: Wubetumi anom NSAIDs (Nnuru a ɛnyɛ steroid a ɛko tia ɔyare mmoawa) de atew ɔfe ne ɛyaw so, sɛnea wo duruyɛfo tu fo no.
- Nkotodwe a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma:Oduruyɛfo no kamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa aduru titiriw bi nhyɛ kotodwe no na amma kotodwe no ankotow akɔ nkyɛn na ama MCL ntini no agyina pintinn a ehia na ama ayɛ yiye.
- Poma: Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobɛtew kotodwe no mu duru so no, ebia ebehia sɛ wode poma di dwuma bere tiaa bi.
- Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ: Eyi ho hia yiye . Sɛ MCL no sa ara pɛ a, ɛsɛ sɛ wufi ase teɛteɛ w’apɔw mu wɔ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ho ɔyaresafo akwankyerɛ ase. Eyi bɛboa wo ma woasan akɔ baabiara wɔ wo kotodwe mu, ahyɛ w’asen ne ntini a atwa wo ho ahyia no den, na woasan akɔ dwumadi ahorow a na woyɛ daa no mu.
Sɛɛgyiri
Wɔntaa nhia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn.
- Sɛ MCL ntini no mu tetew koraa (Grade 3) a, ɛte sɛ nea atetew afi dompe no ho.
- Sɛ ntini foforo te sɛ ACL sɛe kɛse ka MCL a ɛtetew no ho a.
- Sɛ woyɛ ogumadifo a ɔyɛ adwumaden na wuhia sɛ wo kotodwe gyina pintinn kɛse daakye a.
Oprehyɛn hwehwɛ sɛ wɔsan pam ntini a atetew no bom anaasɛ wɔde ntini a wɔde ahyɛ nipadua no fã foforo (e.g., hamstring tendon) na ɛsan yɛ ntini no.
Bere tenten ahe na ebegye ansa na asa?
Bere a wode sa yare no gyina sɛnea nusu no mu yɛ den ne sɛnea wudi ayaresa no so yiye so.
- Grade 1: Mpɛn pii no, ɛsa wɔ adapɛn 1-3 ntam.
- Grade 2: Ebetumi adi bɛyɛ adapɛn 4-6.
- Gyinapɛn 3: Ebetumi agye bɛboro adapɛn 6, ebia asram pii. Sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn a, ebetumi agye bere tenten mpo.
Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ ɛnyɛ sɛ wobɛpere wo ho, na mmom wobɛhome na woateɛteɛ w’apɔw mu bere a wɔahyɛ sɛ wobɛma no sɛnea oduruyɛfo ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ho ɔbenfo no tu fo no. Sɛ wopere wo ho a, hokwan kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ opira no bɛsan aba bio.
Nsɛmmisa a ɛsɛ sɛ wobisa oduruyɛfo no
Sɛ wowɔ MCL tear a, ɛyɛ papa sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm te sɛ eyinom.
- MCL tear (grade) bɛn na mewɔ?
- Ayaresa ahorow bɛn na mewɔ? So ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ me oprehyɛn?
- Wususuw sɛ bere tenten ahe na ebegye ansa na wo ho atɔ wo koraa?
- Aduru bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ menom?
- So ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo titiriw bi nkyɛn?
- Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mifi apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ase?
- Bere bɛn na metumi afi ase adi agoru bio?
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- MCL tetew yɛ opira a ɛba ntini a ɛwɔ kotodwe no mu no so. Ɛyɛ opira a abu so wɔ agumadifo mu.
- Nsɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne ɛyaw, ahonhon, ne kotodwe a entumi nnyina.
- Wobetumi de ahomegye, nsukyenee, aduru a wɔde hyɛ nipadua no mu, ne nipadua mu ayaresa asa MCL nusu dodow no ara a wɔnyɛ oprehyɛn.
- Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ho hia yiye wɔ ahotɔ mu. Mma nntwa wɔn so.
- Sɛ wo kotodwe apira, sɛ wutumi nantew mpo a, mmu w’ani ngu so na hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara. Sɛ opira no mu yɛ den a, kɔ Emergency Department (ETU) a ɛwɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo no.
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