Wo ba a wadi mfe 1-2 nkitahodi (Toddler Communication): So ɛsɛ sɛ yehu eyi?

Bere a wo ba ketewa no nyin no, biribiara nni hɔ a ɛyɛ anigye sen sɛ wobɛhwɛ sɛnea wɔrenyin. Titiriw bere a wɔrebɛn wɔn awoda a ɛto so abien no, wɔn kasa ne wɔn nkitahodi ho nimdeɛ tu mpɔn wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ nwonwa so. Ɛte sɛ nea yɛayɛ afiri ketewaa bi a ɛkasa wɔ yɛn fie! Ɛnyɛ sɛ wɔte nea yɛka no ase nko, na mmom wofi ase de ano ka wɔn adwene nso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde nsa ne nsa a wɔde yɛ adwuma di dwuma. Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, wɔn ani gye ho nso sɛ wɔbɛte nsɛm nketenkete a yɛka no ase na wɔayɛ. Ɛtɔ da bi mpo a wɔba yɛn nkyɛn bɛma yɛn ahyɛdeɛ, te sɛ "Ma me ahomegyeɛ!" na "Yɛ eyi!" Eyi yɛ bere a ɛyɛ nwonwa, momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm kakra.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na mmofra nkumaa ne yɛn kasa? Ɔkwan bɛn so na saa anyansafo nkumaa yi di nkitaho?

Wɔ saa mfe yi mu no, mmofra kasa ho nimdeɛ, kyerɛ sɛ, kasa ne ntease nyin wɔ akwan horow a wontumi nsusuw ho so.

Nsɛm a wɔde nsɛm ka

Fa no sɛ, sɛ wo ba no di bɛyɛ asram 15 a, wofi ase ka asɛmfua biako anaa abien foforo ka "mama" ne "dada" ho. Ebia "baba" ne "bɔl." Edu asram 18 no, ebia wobenya nsɛmfua yi mu abiɛsa anaa nea ɛboro saa. Edu mfe abien a, wobesua nsɛmfua pii bio na wɔatumi de nsɛmfua abien abom ayɛ kasamu ntiantiaa. Wɔbɛtumi aka nsɛm te sɛ "Mepɛ nufusu," "Momma yenni aburow," ne "Ma me bɔɔl no." Eyi yɛ ahurututu kɛse wɔ wɔn kasa wiase no mu.

Nteaseɛ ansa na wɔaka nsɛm

Nanso kae sɛ, wɔte nea woka no pii ase ansa na wɔafi ase aka wɔn nsɛm a edi kan mpo. Ɛsɛ sɛ wo ba ketewa no tumi te nsɛm a ɛnyɛ den a woka no ase na ɔyɛ. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ woka sɛ, "Fa bɔɔl no kɔma mommy" a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ na ebia wɔbɔ mmɔden mpo sɛ wɔbɛyɛ. Ɛsɛ sɛ wotumi hwɛ na wɔteɛ wɔn nsa bere a woreka ade bi a yehu na yɛtaa de di dwuma, te sɛ agode anaa aduan bi din no.

Nsɛm a wɔka denam hints so

Wɔ saa mfe yi mu no, ne nsɛm, nsa a wɔde yɛ ade, anaa nsa ne nan a wɔde yɛ wɔn ade no ne ɔkwan titiriw a wɔfa so di nkitaho. Wofi ase yɛ nneɛma te sɛ atuu a wɔbɔ, de wɔn nsa ka biribi, na wɔbobɔ wɔn ti de ka sɛ "yiw." Saa nsaanodwuma yi bɛyɛ nea ɛyɛ den kɛse wɔ afe yi mu. Wofi ase de di dwuma de suasua nea yɛyɛ, da wɔn nkate adi, na wodi agoru mpo.

Mfomso nketenkete a wodi bere a wɔrebɔ nsɛmfua din no

Ɛwom sɛ wo ba kumaa no nsɛmfua dodow kɔ soro ntɛmntɛm de, nanso sɛnea ɔbɔ nsɛmfua din, kyerɛ sɛ, sɛnea otumi ka nsɛmfua pefee no nnya nkɔso saa ara. Sɛ yɛadi mfe abien mpo a, nea mmofra nkumaa dodow no ara ka no bɛyɛ fã pɛ na yebetumi ate ase. Ɛno yɛ ade a ɛfata. Nanso, sɛ wo ne no rekasa a, sɛ odi mfomso mpo a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokyerɛkyerɛ no ɔkwan pa a ɔfa so ka asɛm no. Wɔankasa atia, nanso ɔdɔ mu. "Oh... ɔkaa sɛ 'dootha' (nufusu)? Yiw, eyi yɛ 'nufusu'."

Dɛn na yebetumi ayɛ sɛ awofo na ama nkɔmmɔbɔ yi atu mpɔn?

Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ na ama wo ba kumaa no kasa ho nimdeɛ akɔ anim na ahyɛ no nkuran. Eyinom yɛ nneɛma a ɛnyɛ den koraa a wubetumi de ahyɛ wo da biara da asetra mu.

Baby, nsɛmfua biara nni hɔ, ka kɛkɛ.

Wo ba kumaa no retie asɛm biara a wobɛka, biribiara. Te sɛ ɔponkɛse ketewaa bi a ɛregye nsu no, wɔretwe nsɛm yi akɔ wɔn tirim. Enti, sɛ anka wode "nkokoaa nsɛmfua" te sɛ "boo boo" ne " pee pee bedi dwuma no, " fa nnipa, mmeae, ne nneɛma din a ɛfata di dwuma bere biara a ɛbɛyɛ yiye. Sɛ wokasa a, kasa brɛoo, ka no pefee, na fa nsɛm a ɛnyɛ den. Sɛ nhwɛso no, frɛ ɔkraman "kraman" sen sɛ wobɛfrɛ "kuruwa." Frɛ nsu "nsu" sen sɛ wobɛfrɛ "turo."

Bua afotu ne akwan a wɔfa so yɛ ade

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no, nsɛnkyerɛnne yɛ kasa nkɔso fã a ɛho hia yiye. Sɛ yebua yɛn mma nsɛnkyerɛnne a, ɛda adi sɛ wɔbɛka nkɔmmɔbɔ no ho. Wubetumi ama abusuabɔ bi aba wɔn nsɛnkyerɛnne ne kasa ntam .

Fa no sɛ wo ba ketewa no de ne nsa rekɔ frigye no mu. Wobisa sɛ, "Dɛn na me babarima/me babea pɛ? Biribi a ɔbɛnom?" na twɛn ma ɔmmua. Afei bisa bio sɛ, "Dɛn na wopɛ? Nufusu? Uh... okay, momma yɛnkɔfa nufusu bi, ɛnte saa?" Saa kwan yi so no, wubetumi akyerɛ wɔn cue no ase akɔ nsɛmfua mu.

Momma yɛnto nnwom na yɛmmɔ nsɛmfua ho agoru sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a yɛbɛbɔ.

Mmofra a wɔretu mmirika ani gye ho sɛ wobetie nnwom na wɔate nsɛm a wɔka wɔ nnyigyei a ɛyɛ dɛ mu. Wo ne wo ba ketewa no to nnwom, ka anwensɛm ntiantiaa a ɛyɛ dɛ, na di agoru a ɛyɛ dɛ. Wɔn ani begye nsaanodwuma ho agodie ho. Ka nnwom te sɛ "Little Butterfly in the Hand" anaa "Tikiri Ting Ting" na fa nsaanodwuma kyerɛ.

Afei nso, boa wɔn ma wonhu nneɛma.

• Nipadua akwaa ("W'aso wɔ he?", "Bɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛka wo hwene")
• Mfonini ("Hena ne eyi? Dɛn ne eyi?")
• Agode ("Kyerɛ me wo bɔɔl")
• Nnipa a wɔka sɛ wonim ("Nana wɔ he?", "Kyerɛ me Maame")

Kenkan nhoma ahorow a mfonini ahorow a ɛyɛ kɔla ahorow na ɛyɛ fɛ wom.

Ɛho hia paa sɛ wobɛkyerɛ mmofra a wɔadi mfe yi nhoma ahorow a mfonini akɛse a ɛyɛ kɔla ahorow wom, na wode ahwɛ. Boa wɔn na hyɛ wɔn nkuran ma wɔndan nhoma no nkratafa. Bisa wɔn ma wɔnkyerɛ nneɛma a ɛwɔ mfonini ahorow no mu ("Hwɛ nhwiren fɛfɛ a ɛyɛ kɔla yi", "Ɔkraman bi wɔ hɔ"). Ɛnyɛ sɛ eyi ma wɔn nsɛmfua a wɔde di dwuma no kɔ soro nko, na mmom wiase ho nimdeɛ a wɔwɔ nso.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu?

Mmofra dodow no ara da saa kasa ho nimdeɛ yi adi wɔ saa bere yi mu. Nanso, ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae sɛ ɛnyɛ mmofra nyinaa na wɔyɛ pɛ. Mmofra binom betumi agye bere kakra. Nanso, ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ yiye kakra wɔ nneɛma bi ho.

Sɛ wo ba kumaa no ankyerɛ nea edidi so yi mu biara wɔ mfe a ɛfata mu a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo bɛkasa:

• Sɛ, wɔ asram 15 mu no, wo ba no da so ara mmɔ mmɔden sɛ ɔbɛka asɛmfua biako anaa abien biara a ɛnyɛ "mama" ne "dada."
• Ɛwom mpo sɛ ɛyɛ asram 15 de, nanso .Sɛ woanhwɛ biribi a wotaa hu na wunim (e.g., doll, nufusu toa) anaasɛ woankyerɛ sɛ wunhu bere a wɔde ne din frɛ no.
• Sɛ wanka nsɛmfua bɛboro abiɛsa (a ɛnyɛ "mama" ne "daddy") ansa na asram 18 adu a .
• Sɛ wudi asram 18 mpo a, woda so ara ntumi nte ahyɛde a ɛnyɛ den ase na wonni akyi (e.g., "Ma me mpaboa no") a wo nsa anaa wo nan mmoa wo.
• Sɛ wadi mfeɛ 2 mpo a, sɛ woka kyerɛ no sɛ ɔnyɛ biribi wɔ nwoma mu a, ɔrenkyerɛ ne nipadua afã mmienu mpo (e.g., aso, aniwa, hwene).
• Mfeɛ 2 akyi mpo no, ɔda so ara ntumi nka kasamu tiawa, mpo sɛ ɔde nsɛmfua mmienu, te sɛ "Mepɛ nufusu" ne "Momma yenni aburow."

Kakraa bi fa autism ho

Awofoɔ binom suro sɛ sɛ abofra ka akyi kakra wɔ kasa mu a, ɛyɛ tebea te sɛ ``Autism Spectrum Disorder''. Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wubehu eyi. Mpɛn pii no, nnuruyɛfo hwɛ sɛnea abofra no nyin ne sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtete saa bere biara a wɔrekɔhwɛ no wɔ ayaresabea no . Titiriw wɔ asram 18 ne mfe 2 mu no, wɔyɛ ``Screening Tests'' titiriw mpo wɔ eyi mu.

Enti, sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa anaa dadwen bi wɔ wo ba kumaa no kasa anaa ne nkɔso fã foforo biara ho a, yɛsrɛ wo ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wo ne w’abusua oduruyɛfo bɛkasa. Eyi bɛma w’adesoa no so atew na sɛ ɛho hia a, ɛbɛboa wo ma woanya mmoa ntɛm.

Awiei koraa no, nkrasɛm a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛde kɔ fie

Ɛyɛ nwonwa sɛnea wo ba ketewa no kasa nya nkɔso wɔ saa mfiase yi mu. Kae sɛ abofra biara nyin wɔ n’ankasa ahoɔhare so. Enti, mfa wo ho ntoto mmofra afoforo ho na w’abam mmu. Nanso, ɛho hia sɛ wuhu nea wubetumi ahwɛ kwan wɔ saa mfe yi mu.

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne bere a wo ne wo ba ketewa no nya.

• Wo ne no nkasa.
• Tie nea ɔka ne nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɔde ma, na bua.
• Fa di agoru, to nnwom.
• Bom kenkan nhoma ahorow.

Wo dɔ, w’adwene, sekan biara a wode serew na wo ne wo ba ketewa no bɔ nkɔmmɔ no ne ade kɛse a onya wɔ wiase ketewa yi mu. Ɛnyɛ ne nkɔmmɔbɔ nko na ɛbɛma ayɛ fɛ, na mmom n’asetra nyinaa nso! Wubetumi akyerɛ ɔkasafo kumaa yi kwan a ɔbɛfa so akɔ daakye fɛfɛ bi mu.

Toddler Nkitahodi, Kasa Nkɔso, Mmofra Kasa, Mfe 1-2 , Awofo Ho Afotu, Aduruyɛ Ho Afotu, Autism Spectrum Disorder