Fa no sɛ obi wɔ hɔ a odi wo nipadua nyinaa so, a ɔyɛ n’ade te sɛ adwumakuw kɛse bi panyin, nanso ɔyɛ ketewaa te sɛ pea. Saa onipa no ne Pituitary Gland . Ebia woante din yi ho asɛm. Nanso adwuma a ɛyɛ no yɛ nwonwa. Ɛka nneɛma a ɛho hia pii ho, efi nyin tenten so kosi akokoaa a wobɛwo so. Enti ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka ɔpanyin ketewa yi ho asɛm.
Dɛn ne Pituitary Gland no?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, pituitary gland yɛ ntini ketewaa bi a ne kɛse te sɛ pea a ɛwɔ w’amemene no ase , wo hwene no bridge no akyi pɛɛ, wɔ hypothalamus ase. Ntini yɛ akwaa bi a ɛyɛ nneɛma te sɛ hormone . Pituitary gland no yɛ yɛn endocrine nhyehyɛe no fã.
N’adwuma titiriw ne sɛ ɛbɛyɛ nkwaadɔm a ɛho hia pii ama nipadua no na waka akyerɛ ntini afoforo , "Okay, afei woayi wo hormone ahorow no adi." Ɛno nti na yɛfrɛ no "Master Gland."
Hormone ahorow te sɛ abɔfo a wɔretu mmirika afa yɛn nipadua mu. Wɔnam mogya no mu na wɔde nkrasɛm kɔ akwaa, honam ani, ne ntini biara mu. Saa hormone ahorow yi na ɛka kyerɛ yɛn sɛ yɛnyɛ eyi, yɛ saa bere yi.
Pituitary gland no mu akyekyɛ ayɛ no afã atitiriw abien.
1. Anterior Pituitary: Eyi ne ɔfã a ɛsõ sen biara.
2. Posterior Pituitary: Ɔfã ketewaa a ɛwɔ akyi.
Saa ntini yi nam ɔfã ketewaa bi a ɛte sɛ dua so na ɛka amemene no hypothalamus ho. Ɛha na ntini no nya nsɛnkyerɛnne fi amemene no mu.
Dɛn ne hormone ahorow a ɛho hia sen biara a pituitary gland no yɛ?
Ebia eyi bɛyɛ te sɛ nea nyansahu mu de kakra, nanso momma yɛmma ɛnyɛ mmerɛw. Efisɛ saa hormone ahorow yi ka yɛn asetra kɛse. Mede eyi bɛto pon fɛfɛ bi so ama woate ase ntɛm.
| Hormone no din | Ɔfã a wɔayi no adi | Dɛn ne ade titiriw a woyɛ? |
|---|---|---|
| Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma yiye . | Anim fã | Sɛ yɛte adwennwen nka a, ɛboa yɛn ma yegyina ano. Ɛkanyan adrenal ntini a ɛwɔ asaabo no atifi no ma ɛyɛ cortisol, “adwennwen hormone.” |
| Hormone a ɛkanyan ntini mu ntini (FSH) . | Anim fã | Ɛboa ma mmarima mmadwoa yɛ . Ɛkanyan mmea awotwaa ma ɛyɛ estrogen hormone na ɛboa ma nkesua nyin. |
| Nkwammoaa a Ɛma Onyin (GH) . | Anim fã | Ɛho hia ma mmofra nipadua mu nyin, a ne tenten ka ho. Ɛboa ma ntini ne nnompe yɛ yiye wɔ mpanyimfo mu na ɛhwɛ sɛnea srade kyekyɛ no so. |
| Nnuru a ɛma mogya tu (LH) . | Anim fã | Ɛboa mmea ma wonya ovulate. Ɛboa mmarima ma wonya testosterone fi wɔn mmadwoa mu. |
| Prolactin a wɔde yɛ aduru | Anim fã | Eyi ne hormone titiriw a ɛboa ɛnanom ma wonya nufusu bere a wɔawo awie no. Ebetumi aka awo nso wɔ mpanyimfo mu. |
| Hormone a ɛkanyan thyroid (TSH) . | Anim fã | Ɛkyerɛ thyroid ntini a ɛwɔ kɔn no mu no sɛ "mfi ase yɛ adwuma." Thyroid hormone ahorow na ɛhwɛ nneɛma te sɛ yɛn nipadua mu nneɛma a ɛsakra ne yɛn ahoɔden dodow so. |
| Nnuru a ɛko tia nsu mu nsu (ADH) . | Akyi fã | Ɛhwɛ sɛnea nsu ne sodium (nkyene) kari pɛ wɔ nipadua no mu. Sɛ eyi ba fam a, wɔbɛtaa atoto nsu. |
| Oxytocin a wɔde yɛ aduru | Akyi fã | Ɛboa awotwaa no ma ɛtwetwe akokoaa no . Ɛboa nso ma nufusu sen bere a wɔrema nufu no na ɛboa ma ɛna ne abofra no nya abusuabɔ. |
So obi betumi atra ase a pituitary gland nni no?
Yiw, ebetumi aba. Nanso tebea bi wɔ hɔ. Ɛho behia sɛ obi a onni pituitary gland no fa hormone ahorow a ɛho hia a saa ntini no yɛ no sɛ aduru ne nkwa nna nyinaa. Sɛ ɛnyɛ saa hormone ahorow yi a, anka nneɛma a ɛho hia pii wɔ yɛn nipadua mu renkɔ so. Enti, sɛ wɔansa a, pituitary hormone nyinaa a wɔhwere no betumi de nkwa ato asiane mu.
Enti, dɛn ne dwumadi atitiriw a pituitary gland no yɛ?
Momma yɛmfa nhwɛso a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye nte eyi ase. Susuw thermostat a ɛwɔ wo AC mu wɔ fie no ho. Ɛhwɛ ɔhyew a ɛwɔ dan no mu so bere nyinaa na ɛdan/dum AC no bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔma ɛyɛ nea ahotɔ wom no, ɛnte saa?
Pituitary gland no te sɛ yɛn nipadua no thermostat. Ɛhwɛ nipadua no dwumadi so bere nyinaa, na ɛde abɔfo a wɔfrɛ wɔn hormone kɔ akwaa ne ntini ahorow mu, na ɛka kyerɛ wɔn sɛ, "Okay, yɛ eyi mprempren," "Ma eyi dodow nkɔ soro kakra," "Gyae eyi mprempren."
Dwumadi atitiriw no tiawa:
- Nipadua nyin a wobedi so .
- Metabolism - Wei ne ɔkwan a yɛfa so dane aduane a yɛdi no ma ɛbɛyɛ ahoɔden.
- Awo , kyerɛ sɛ, tumi a obi tumi wo mma.
- Adwennwen anaa asiane a wɔyɛ ho biribi.
- Nufusu a wɔyɛ.
- Nipadua no mu nsu ne nkyene dodow a wɔbɛhwɛ so.
- Boa a wɔboa wɔ awo nhyehyɛe no mu.
Nyarewa bɛn na wobetumi de abata pituitary gland no ho?
Sɛ ntini ketewa yi dwumadi sɛe a, ɔhaw ahorow betumi aba. Wobetumi akyekyɛ eyinom mu titiriw ayɛ no ahorow anan.
1. Pituitary Adenomas a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu
Eyinom yɛ akisikuru a ɛnyɛ kokoram (a ɛnyɛ papa) a ɛba wɔ pituitary gland no mu. Wɔn na wɔyɛ bɛyɛ 10%-15% wɔ intracranial tumors mu. Saa akisikuru yi taa nyin kɛse paa.
- Sɛ akisikuru no nyin a: Ebetumi amia ntini a atwa ho ahyia no, titiriw nea ɛka ho wɔ anisoadehu mu no. Eyi betumi de tiyɛ ne aniwa mu haw ahorow aba (titiriw aniwa a ɛyera wɔ akyi no).
- Akisikuru a ɛma hormone: Akisikuru bi ma hormone yɛ adwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, akisikuru a ɛma prolactin hormone (Prolactinoma) pii ba no betumi ama mmea a wɔnnom nufu no anya nufusu a efi wɔn nufu mu na wɔn brayɛ a ɛnkɔ so daa.
- Akisikuru a ɛnyɛ hormone: Akisikuru bi ntumi mma hormone biara mma. Sɛ akisikuru no nyin kɛse na ɛhyɛ ntini a ɛbɛn hɔ no so nkutoo a, ɛbɛyɛ ɔhaw.
2. Hypopituitarism a ɛyɛ mmerɛw
Eyi ne bere a pituitary gland no yɛ hormone biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a ennu dodow a wɔhwehwɛ no. Eyi betumi afi ntini no a ɛsɛe, oprehyɛn, anaa mframa a wɔde sa amemene no mu.
3. Hyperpituitarism a ɛyɛ mmerɛw
Eyi ne bere a pituitary gland no yɛ hormone biako anaa nea ɛboro saa pii sen nea ehia. Mpɛn pii no, pituitary adenoma (akisikuru) a ɛma hormone na ɛde eyi ba.
Momma yɛnhwɛ tebea atitiriw a hormone ahorow a ɛnkari pɛ de ba no.
| Gyinabea | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Acromegaly a ɛma nipadua no yɛ kɛse | Nkwammoaa a ɛma onyin (GH) a wɔyɛ boro so wɔ mpanyin afe so. Nea ɛda nsow ne nipadua no afã horow te sɛ nsa, anan, ne anim nnompe a ɛtrɛw wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so . |
| Gigantism a wɔyɛ | Nkwammoaa a ɛma onyin (GH) a ɛboro so wɔ ne mmofraase no ma abofra no nyin tenten wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so. |
| Cushing yare no | Cortisol dodow a ɛkɔ soro esiane ACTH hormone no a ɛdɔɔso dodo nti. Nea ɛda adi wɔ eyi mu ne srade a ɛwɔ nipadua no mmeae bi (anim, yafunu, kɔn akyi), mogya mmoroso, ne asikre a ɛkɔ soro. |
| Onyin hormone a enni nipadua mu | Mmofra nyin a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ne nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Nkwammoaa mu nneɛma ho haw ahorow a ɛba mpanyimfo mu. |
| Asikreyare a Ɛwɔ Mfinimfini Mfinimfini | ADH hormone a enni nipadua mu. Eyi mma nipadua no ntumi nkura nsu mu na eyi nsu a ɛboro so fi mu. (Eyi nyɛ asikreyare, kyerɛ sɛ, asikreyare). |
| Hypogonadism (Mfinimfini Hypogonadism) . | LH ne FSH hormone ahorow a enni hɔ. Eyi de nna mu dwumadi ne awo ho haw ahorow ba mmarima ne mmea nyinaa so. |
4. Sella a Ɛyɛ Daa
Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi. Ɛnam ɔhaw bi a ɛwɔ nnompe kotoku (sella turcica) a ɛwɔ baabi a pituitary gland no wɔ no so, na ɛma ntini no yɛ petee anaasɛ ɛyɛ ketewaa. Wɔtaa hu eyi wɔ akwanhyia mu wɔ scan so. Sɛ hormone dodow yɛ nea ɛfata a, eyi mfa ɔhaw biara mma.
Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ pituitary gland no ho? Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no?
Ɛsono pituitary gland haw ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow kɛse, na egyina hormone ko a ɛka ne, sɛ akisikuru bi wɔ hɔ a, sɛnea ɛsõ so.
Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba (esiane akisikuru akɛse nti):
- Ti a ɛtaa yɛ no yaw a ɛkɔ so daa.
- Nsakrae a ɛba wɔ anisoadehu mu, titiriw aniwa a ɛyera wɔ akyirikyiri.
Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ebetumi afi hormone a ɛnkari pɛ mu aba:
- Mmofra nyin yɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so.
- Awo a wontumi nwo wɔ mmarima ne mmea nyinaa mu.
- Mmea brayɛ yɛ nea ɛnkɔ so daa anaasɛ egyae koraa.
- Mu duru a ɛkɔ soro anaasɛ ɛso tew a ntease biara nnim.
- Adwenemhaw anaa dadwen.
- Ɔbrɛ a ɛboro so a wɔte nka wɔ nipadua no mu.
Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne foforo a ɛkɔ so te sɛ eyinom a, mmu w’ani ngu so. Ebia ɛne pituitary gland no wɔ abusuabɔ anaasɛ ɛnte saa. Enti ade a eye sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wobɛkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn na woanya afotu.
Hena na ɔsa ɔhaw ahorow yi? Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu yare no?
Pituitary gland ne ɔhaw ahorow a ɛfa hormone ho no, endocrinologist bi na ɔsa. Obetumi agyina wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne so ayɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛho hia, ahu tebea no, na wayɛ ayaresa ho nhyehyɛe. Sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wofa oprehyɛn so yi biribi te sɛ akisikuru fi hɔ a, ebia ɛho behia nso sɛ wohwehwɛ mmoa fi ntini mu oprehyɛn ho oduruyɛfo hɔ .
Wɔde sɔhwɛ ahorow a edidi so yi di dwuma titiriw de hu yare no:
- Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Wobetumi anya nsɛm pii denam susuw a wosusuw hormone ahorow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no so.
- MRI scan: Eyi ho hia yiye na ama woanya amemene no ne pituitary gland no ho mfonini a emu da hɔ na woahu sɛ ebia akisikuru anaa biribi foforo bi a ɛnteɛ wɔ hɔ anaa.
Yɛbɛyɛ dɛn ama yɛn pituitary gland no anya apɔwmuden?
Ade a eye sen biara a yebetumi ayɛ ne sɛ yɛbɛbɔ yɛn ti ho ban. Amemene mu Apirakuru a Ɛyɛ Hu (TBI) betumi asɛe saa ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yi. Enti,
- Hyɛ ahobammɔ bɛlt bere biara a wowɔ kar mu.
- Hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛhyɛ dade kyɛw bere a wote sakre, moto, anaa agumadi.
- Bɔ wo ho ban fi asehwe ho. Hwɛ mmeae a ɛyɛ hwerɛma na ɛyɛ hu wɔ wo fie, titiriw sɛ wowɔ nnipa a wɔn mfe akɔ anim a.
- Sɛ wowɔ mmofra nkumaa a, hwɛ hu sɛ baabi a wodi agoru na wobɔ fekuw no yɛ nea ahobammɔ wom.
Saa suban nketenkete yi betumi aboa kɛse ma wɔasiw yɛn amemene ne saa ntini a ɛsom bo yi a ɛsɛe no ano.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Pituitary gland yɛ akwaa a ne kɛse te sɛ pea a ɛwɔ w'amemene ase, nanso ɛyɛ akwaa a tumi wom yiye a ɛyɛ adwuma sɛ nipadua no "Master Gland".
- Nneɛma pii te sɛ wo nipadua nyin, sɛnea ɛsakra nneɛma, awo, ne sɛnea ɛyɛ n’ade wɔ adwennwen ho no, hormone ahorow a epue wɔ ha no na ɛhwɛ so.
- Ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ saa ntini yi ho no betumi ama hormone a wɔyɛ no dɔɔso dodo anaasɛ kakraa bi, na ɛno betumi ama wɔanya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow.
- Sɛ wo ti yɛ wo yaw bere nyinaa, w’aniwa nsakrae, ne nsakrae afoforo a ɛyɛ soronko wɔ wo nipadua mu (wo mu duru a ɛsakra, brayɛ mu haw) a, ebetumi ayɛ ɔhaw wɔ pituitary gland no ho.
- Mmu w’ani ngu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi so da. Kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara na woanya afotu.
Pituitary Gland, Pituitary Gland, hormone, hormone haw, amemene mu akisikuru, pituitary hormone, endocrinologist
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