So woyɛ obi a ɔyɛ vaper? Afei hwɛ yiye wɔ saa ‘Popcorn Lung’ yi ho!

So wotaa nya ɔfe? So wofe bere a woabrɛ kakra no? Ebia wubesusuw sɛ eyi yɛ ade a ɛfata. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi betumi ayɛ akwahosan ho haw a emu yɛ den a yensusuw ho ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka ahurututu mu yare bi a wɔntaa nte ho asɛm, nanso ebetumi ayɛ asiane kɛse ho asɛm. Ɛno ne ‘Popcorn Lung’ , anaasɛ wɔ aduruyɛ mu nsɛm mu no ‘Bronchiolitis Obliterans’ .

Dɛn ne ‘Popcorn Lung’? Momma yɛnte ase kɛkɛ!

‘Popcorn ahurututu’ yɛ tebea a ɛka mframa kwan nketenkete paa a ɛwɔ yɛn ahurututu mu, titiriw ‘bronchioles’ . Fa no sɛ dua bi nkorabata. Mframa kwan titiriw no mu paapae yɛ abien, na afei ɛpaapae yɛ nkorabata nketewa, na wɔ awiei no, akwan a ɛyɛ fɛ yiye a wɔfrɛ no ‘bronchioles’ wɔ hɔ.

Sɛ saa yare yi ba a, mframa kwan nketenkete yi ho yɛ hyew , a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛho ahonhon na ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ. Afei mframa kwan yi sɛe na ɛyɛ akuru. Te sɛ bere a yenya kuru wɔ yɛn honam ani no, akuru bi ba. Sɛ eyi ba a, dɛn na ɛba? Mframa a ɛfa saa mframa kwan nketenkete no mu no siw kwan, te sɛ nea sɛ efĩ kɔhyɛ nsu paipu mu a, ɛyɛ den sɛ nsu no bɛsen. Wɔsan frɛ eyi sɛ ‘Obliterative Bronchiolitis’ .

Dɛn nti na wɔfrɛ eyi ‘popcorn ahurututu’?

Saa din yi te sɛ nea ɛyɛ nwonwa kakra, ɛnte saa? Ɛnyaa ne din ‘popcorn lung’ esiane biribi titiriw bi nti. Mfe bi a atwam ni no, wohui sɛ adwumayɛfo kuw bi a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ microwave popcorn adwumayɛbea bi anya saa yare yi. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ na wɔrehome nnuru bi a wɔfrɛ no ‘diacetyl’ a wɔde yɛ bɔta dɛ ka popcorn ho bere nyinaa. Ɛhɔ na edin ‘popcorn lung’ no gyee din.

Nanso, ɛnyɛ popcorn nko na wɔde saa nnuru a wɔfrɛ no ‘diacetyl’ yi dii dwuma, na mmom wɔ nnwuma afoforo pii a wɔde nnuru a wɔde yɛ aduan a ɛyɛ dɛ di dwuma nso mu. Afei nso, wɔabɔ amanneɛ sɛ nnipa a na wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ mmeae a wɔyam kɔfe no anya saa yare yi.

Adeɛ a ɛho hia paa ne sɛ nsuo a ɛwɔ ɛlɛtrɔnik sigaret mu, anaa ‘e-sigaret’ anaa ‘vapes’ a mmeranteɛ ne mmabaa pii de di dwuma nnɛ no nso betumi ayɛ saa nnuru a wɔfrɛ no ‘diacetyl’ yi. Eyi yɛ tebea a asiane wom paa.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya ‘popcorn ahurututu’?

Ɛwom sɛ obiara betumi anya saa yare yi de, nanso nnipa binom wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya bi. Wɔne:

• Nnipa a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ nnuru a awuduru wom mu: Saa yare yi betumi afi nnuru a wɔde di dwuma wɔ nnwuma bi mu a wɔhome mu. Afei nso, sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, nnipa a wɔde ‘vapes’ ne ‘e-sigaret’ di dwuma nso wɔ asiane mu.

Nnuru bi a awuduru wom a ebetumi ama ‘popcorn ahurututu’ aba no bi ne:

• Acetaldehyde a wɔde yɛ aduru
• Ammonia a wɔde yɛ nneɛma
• Chlorine a wɔde yɛ adwuma
• Diacetyl - Eyi ne nea ɛyɛ titiriw.
• Formaldehyde a wɔde yɛ adwuma
• Wusiw a efi dade oxides mu ba
• Hydrochloric acid a wɔde yɛ aduru
• Sulphur mustard (Mustard gas anaa sulphur mustard) - Eyi yɛ awuduru mframa a wɔde di dwuma wɔ akodi mu.
• Nitrogen a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma
• Sulfur dioxide a wɔde yɛ aduru

• Esiane ayaresa tebea horow bi nti:
• Ɔhome mu yare: Nhwɛso bi ne respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) , ahurututu mu yare ahorow bi, ne ahurututu mu yare ahorow.
• Stevens-Johnson Syndrome : Eyi yɛ akisikuru a emu yɛ den a ɛka honam ani ne ntini a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu.
• Ntini mu yare te sɛ gout: Sɛ nhwɛso no, ‘Rheumatoid Arthritis’ .
• Wɔn a wɔde akwaa foforo ma wɔn: Asiane yi yɛ kɛse titiriw wɔ wɔn a wɔde ahurututu foforo ma wɔn no mu. Ebetumi aba wɔn a wɔde nnompe mu ntini foforo ma wɔn nso mu.

‘Popcorn ahurututu’ abu so dɛn?

Popcorn ahurututu yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi ankasa . Nanso, sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, ebetumi aba obiara mu esiane nnuru a awuduru wom anaa ɔyare mmoawa bi a ɔde di dwuma nti, enti ɛho hia sɛ yɛn nyinaa hu.

Saa yare yi abu so titiriw wɔ nnipa a wɔde wɔn ahurututu foforo ahyɛ wɔn mu no mu. Nnipa a wɔayɛ wɔn ahurututu mu nipadua foforo no mu bɛyɛ 50% benya tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) wɔ mfe anum mu. Eyi yɛ ɔkwan titiriw a wɔfa so pow nipadua foforo a wɔde bɛma obi foforo no ankasa. Ebia mfiase no ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ ɔyare mmoawa.

Saa yare yi nkɔ so wɔ ɔkwan koro so mma obiara. Ebia nnipa binom benya yare no mfiase akyɛ, bere a afoforo nso betumi anya yare no ntɛmntɛm. Ahurututu mu dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu a wɔfrɛ no spirometry betumi akyerɛ sɛnea yare no mu yɛ den.

Dɛn ne ‘popcorn ahurututu’ ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Ebia yare yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne renna adi ntɛm ara. Nanso, nea edidi so yi ne sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba:

• Ɔfe: Ɔfe ba, titiriw bere a wɔteɛteɛ apɔw mu ne bere a wɔateɛteɛ apɔw akyi. Ɛtɔ mmere bi mpo a, ebetumi ama nsu a ɛyɛ nwini aba. Saa ɔfe yi betumi ayɛ ɔfe a ɛyɛ dry , a ɛkyerɛ ɔfe a nsunsu nni mu.
• Ahomegye a ɛyɛ den: Eyi nso taa ba bere a wɔreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ne bere a wɔateɛteɛ wɔn apɔw akyi. Hwɛ yiye sɛ wo home yɛ tiaa bere a wonam kwan tiaa bi anaasɛ woreforo antweri no a.
• Ahomegye a ɛyɛ hu.
• Ɔbrɛ kɛse a wɔte nka.
• Huraeɛ.
• Anadwo fifiri a ɛba.
• Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wotumi hu honam ani akisikuru .

Kae sɛ, wobetumi ahu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi wɔ ɔhome mu nyarewa afoforo nso mu. Enti, sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara.

Dɛn na ɛde ‘popcorn ahurututu’ ba?

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ ‘popcorn ahurututu’ nyɛ yare a ɛde ɔyare mmoawa ba . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wuntumi nnye mfi obi foforo hɔ, na saa ara nso na wuntumi mfa nkɔma obi foforo.

Nea ɛde eyi ba titiriw ne nnuru a awuduru wom a wɔhome, sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no. Nnuru te sɛ diacetyl a obi de ne ho bɛhyɛ mu no betumi aba wɔ adwumam anaasɛ ɛnam vaping so. Nnuru ahorow a ɛwɔ e-sigaret mu no betumi asɛe yɛn ahurututu mu ntini ahorow. Sɛnea adwene ahorow bi kyerɛ no, ɛnyɛ onipa a ɔreyɛ vaping no nko na saa nkɛntɛnso yi betumi aba, na mmom wɔn a wɔatwa wɔn ho ahyia a wɔrehome wusiw no nso.

Wɔ nnipa a wɔama wɔn ahurututu mu no, yare yi betumi aba bere a wɔmfa nnuru anaa ɔyare mmoawa biara nka wɔn ho mpo.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo hu ‘popcorn ahurututu’?

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, obedi kan abisa wo w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a worehyia no ho asɛm. Esiane sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa ne ɔbrɛ nso abu so wɔ nyarewa afoforo mu nti, ebehia sɛ oduruyɛfo no yɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi na ama wahu tebea yi.

Saa sɔhwɛ ahorow no bi ne:

• Chest X-ray anaa CT scan: Eyinom betumi ahwɛ sɛnea ahurututu no te.
• Ahurututu mu dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu: Nhwehwɛmu te sɛ ‘spirometry’ betumi ahu sɛnea w’ahurututu reyɛ adwuma yiye.
• Bronchoscopy: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde afiri ketewaa bi a mfoninitwa afiri ahyɛ mu ma fa mframa afiri no mu kɔhwɛ ahurututu no mu.
• Ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔfa ntini ketewaa bi fi ahurututu no mu na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ mu de si so dua sɛ wɔahu yare no. Eyi ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wɔfa so hu yare no yiye .

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa ‘popcorn ahurututu’?

Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, ɔsɛe a ‘popcorn ahurututu’ de ba ahurututu no so no yɛ nea wontumi nsakra . Ɛne sɛ, wontumi nsakra nneɛma a asɛe no. Nanso, sɛ wohu yare no ntɛm a, ayaresa betumi aboa ma wɔasiw ano bio.

Ade a edi kan a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wugyae nnuru a ɛde yare no ba no a wubenya no. Sɛ wo ne nnuru yi di dwuma wɔ adwumam a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wode nnwinnade a ɛbɔ wo ho ban di dwuma. Sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔnom sigaret anaasɛ wonom sigaret a, ɛsɛ sɛ wugyae ntɛm ara.

Ayaresa a wɔde sa ‘popcorn ahurututu’ no bi ne:

• Corticosteroids: Eyinom yɛ nnuru bi a wɔde ma de tew ɔfe so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, Prednisone.
• Nneɛma a wɔde home:Eyinom boa ma home yɛ mmerɛw. Sɛ nhwɛso no, afiri a wɔde home a ‘Albuterol’ wom.
• Oxygen ayaresa: Ɛma wɔn a oxygen dodow sua wɔ mogya mu no nya mframa pa.
• Ahurututu a wɔde si ananmu: Wɔkamfo eyi kyerɛ wɔ nsɛm a emu yɛ den na emu yɛ den sen biara nkutoo mu.

Nsunsuanso bɔne a efi ‘corticosteroids’ mu ba.

Ɛwom sɛ corticosteroids yɛ kɛse ma ɔfe a ɛtew so de, nanso ebetumi de ɔhaw ahorow bi aba. Ebi ne:

• Mu duru a ɛkɔ soro.
• Adwene mu nneɛma sesa.
• Ahomegye a wonni, basabasayɛ.
• Asikreyare a ɛba anaasɛ asikreyare a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw a ɛyɛ den.
• Asoroben.

Enti, sɛ oduruyɛfo bi kyerɛw saa aduru yi a, wɔne wo bɛka mfaso ne ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwom ho asɛm.

Mɛyɛ dɛn atumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ menya ‘popcorn ahurututu’ no so?

Sɛ yɛbɛkɔ so anya ahobammɔ afi yare yi ho a, ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ yɛn ahurututu so fi mfiase. Nneɛma bi a wubetumi ayɛ ni:

• Kwati tawa ne e-sigaret a wɔde di dwuma. Afei nso, twe wo ho fi wusiw a wɔde di dwuma ne mmeae a mframa a wɔsɛe no kɛse wɔ no ho.
• Kwati nyarewa bere biara a ɛbɛyɛ yiye. Nyarewa bi betumi asɛe w’ahurututu. Kɔ so bɔ wo ho ban denam vaccine a wobɛma wo sɛnea wo duruyɛfo kyerɛ no so.
• Sɛ wode nnuru a ɛyɛ hu yɛ adwuma a, hyɛ Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) bere nyinaa.

Dɛn ne obi a ɔwɔ ‘popcorn lung’ daakye?

Nokwarem no, aduru biara nni hɔ a ɛbɛtra hɔ daa a wɔde sa popcorn ahurututu. Egye nkwa nna nyinaa ayaresa ne ɔhwɛ na ama wɔatumi adi sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebia yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no rentumi nyɛ adwuma yiye wɔ ayaresa ho.

Sɛ mewɔ ‘popcorn lung’ a, mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho?

Sɛ wowɔ saa yare yi a, hwɛ yiye wɔ nneɛma yi ho:

• Twe wo ho fi mframa a wɔsɛe no ne tawa wusiw ho.
• Twe wo ho fi nnipa a wɔwɔ ɔyare mmoawa ho. Fa nyɛ wo su sɛ wobɛhohoro wo nsa daa.
• Sɛ wunya ɔyare biara, mpo wo sẽ mu yare a, hwehwɛ ayaresa ntɛm ara.
• Fa aduru no sɛnea oduruyɛfo no kyerɛ no pɛpɛɛpɛ.
• Sɛ wowɔ gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) , ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, ka ho asɛm kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo , efisɛ tebea horow yi betumi asɛe w’ahurututu bio sɛ ​​wɔansa a.
• Sɛ wo ne yare a enni sabea te sɛ eyi te ase a, sɛ wobɛka kuw bi a wɔboa wɔn ho a, ebetumi aboa. Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛ wo ne nnipa a wɔrefa ɔhaw koro no ara mu a wo ne wo bɛkasa a, ebetumi ama woanya mmuae ne nsusuwii ahorow a anka worennya wɔ baabi foforo biara.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome a wuntumi mfa wo nkwagye afiri a wode home no nni so a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara. Afei nso, sɛ wunya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne foforo anaa sɛ wo yare no mu yɛ den a, hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda ‘bronchiolitis obliterans’ ne ‘bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia’ (BOOP) ntam?

Ɛwom sɛ abien no nyinaa yɛ nyarewa a ɛka ahurututu mu mframa kwan nketewa de, nanso ahurututu mu yare a ɛma ahurututu mu yare ne ahurututu mu yare a ɛma ahurututu mu yare a ɛhyehyɛ ahurututu mu yare (BOOP) yɛ nyarewa ahorow abien. BOOP betumi afi ɔyare mmoawa, nnuru bi, anaa nyarewa afoforo mu aba. Edin foforo a wɔde frɛ BOOP ne cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) , titiriw bere a wontumi nhu biribiara a ɛde ba no. BOOP ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne ɔfe a ɛkɔ so tra hɔ a ɛmma nsunsu mma.

So ‘popcorn ahurututu’ no ankasa bɛsa yare?

Mmuae tiawa no ne sɛ: Dabi, Bronchiolitis obliterans yɛ tebea a wontumi nsakra. Sɛ wɔsɛe nneɛma no wie a, wontumi nsiesie. Nea yebetumi ayɛ ara ne sɛ yɛbɛbɔ mmɔden asiw yare no ano na ansɛe. Sɛ wɔansa yare yi a, ebetumi akum obi.

Sɛ wote edin ‘popcorn lung’ a, ebia wubesusuw sɛ eyi yɛ yare a wɔayɛ ara kwa. Nanso, ɛnte saa. Ɛyɛ ahurututu mu yare a emu yɛ den a ɛsɛ sɛ wodi ho dwuma wɔ nkwa nna nyinaa mu. Enti, ɛho hia paa sɛ wudi wo duruyɛfo afotu akyi, titiriw sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobɛkwati sɛ wode wo ho bɛhyɛ nneɛma a epira mu.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

• ‘Popcorn lung’ yɛ yare a wontumi nsakra a ɛsɛe ahurututu no mframa kwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no.
• Ade titiriw nti a ɛte saa ne nnuru a awuduru wom te sɛ diacetyl a wɔhome. Vaping yɛ asiane kɛse ma eyi.
• Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ɔfe a ɛkɔ so, ahurututu, anaa ɔbrɛ, titiriw sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔyɛ vaper anaasɛ wode nnuru yɛ adwuma a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.
• Ɔkwan pa a wobɛfa so asiw yare yi ano ne sɛ wobɛkwati sigaretnom ne vaping, na woadi nneyɛe a ahobammɔ wom akyi.
• Sɛ yare no ba a, ɛsɛ sɛ wodi ho dwuma wɔn nkwa nna nyinaa sɛnea oduruyɛfo no akwankyerɛ kyerɛ no.

W’ahurututu yɛ w’asetra fã a ɛsom bo yiye. Enti, fi ase susuw ho sɛ wobɛbɔ wɔn ho ban nnɛ.

` Popcorn Ahurututu, Bronchiolitis Obliterans, Ahurututu mu Yare, Ɔhome mu Yare, Vaping, Diacetyl, Ɔhome a Ɛyɛ Den