Fa no sɛ biribi foforo bi nti na wɔayɛ wo koko X-ray anaa CT scan, ebia esiane sɛ wo koko mu ayɛ den nti. Sɛ wo nsa ka amanneɛbɔ no nna kakraa bi akyi a, wuhu sɛ ɛka sɛ ‘pulmonary nodule’ bi wɔ hɔ. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu nka mpofirim. "Oh me Nyankopɔn, so kokoram yi?" Asɛmmisa no sɔre wɔ w’adwene akyi. Nanso so ɛyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ yesuro ankasa? Mpɛn pii no, ɛnte saa. Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm tiawa na emu nna hɔ.
Dɛn ne ahurututu mu ntini?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ahurututu mu ntini yɛ ade ketewaa bi a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa anaa kurukuruwa a ɛwɔ w’ahurututu mu ntini mu a ɛte sɛ nea ɛsono wɔ ahurututu mu ntini a ɛteɛ ho wɔ X-ray anaa CT scan mu. Eyinom taa yɛ nketewa wɔ wɔn kɛse mu.
Ntease wom sɛ wobɛbɔ hu bere a wuhu biribi a ɛte sɛɛ wɔ amanneɛbɔ bi mu no. Nanso adeɛ a ɛho hia paa sɛ yɛkae ne sɛ bɛboro 95% wɔ saa nsensaneeɛ anaa akuru yi mu nyɛ kokoram (`benign`). Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ asiane biara nni ho na ɛntrɛw nkɔ nipadua no afã afoforo.
Ebia woahu asɛmfua `ground glass opacity` wɔ w'amanneɛbɔ mu. Wunim nea oduruyɛfo no kyerɛ wɔ saa asɛm no ho? Ɛkyerɛ sɛ nsensanee no sua araa ma ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wuntumi nhu ahurututu mu ntini a ɛwɔ ase no fa mu, te sɛ nea worehwɛ ahwehwɛ a wusiw wom mu. Nsonsonoe bi yɛ den koraa, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wuntumi nhu biribiara wɔ ase. Nsonsonoe bi betumi ayɛ abien no nyinaa a wɔaka abom. Saa anim yi boa oduruyɛfo no ma onya adwene wɔ sɛnea akisikuru no te ho.
Saa tebea yi abu so dɛn? Na so sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi wɔ hɔ?
Eyi yɛ tebea a abu so kɛse sen sɛnea ebia wubesusuw. Nokwarem no, bɛyɛ nnipa baasa biara a wɔyɛ wɔn ahurututu mu CT scan no mu biako benya saa nsensanee ketewaa yi wɔ wɔn amanneɛbɔ no so. Enti wubetumi asusuw sɛnea eyi abu so no ho.
Sɛ ɛba sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so a, mpɛn pii no saa akuru nketenkete yi mfa sɛnkyerɛnne biara mma. Ebia wubehu sɛ wowɔ bi bere a wɔreyɛ scan no esiane biribi foforo nti. Nanso, ɛntaa mma sɛ sɛ akuru no yɛ kɛse, anaasɛ ɛbɛn mframa kwan bi na ɛrepiapia so, anaasɛ ɛyɛ kokoram a, ebia wubehu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi.
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Koko mu yaw | Ɛyaw, titiriw bere a ɔrehome denneennen anaasɛ ɔrefefe no. |
| Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den (dyspnea) . | Ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa anaa ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa bere a wɔreyɛ adwumaden kakra mpo. Ebia nnyigyei bi a ɛyɛ hu bɛba afi koko no mu. |
| Ɔfe a ɛkɔ so daa | Ɔfe a ɛkɔ so daa a ɛtra hɔ adapɛn pii, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a mogya wɔ nsu no mu. |
| Nneɛma afoforo a ɛwom | Mu duru a ɛso tew a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu, aduan ho akɔnnɔ a ɛyera, ɔhome mu nyarewa a ɛtaa ba te sɛ ahurututu mu yare anaa ahurututu mu yare. |
Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ ɛnyɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi nyinaa na ahurututu mu akisikuru na ɛde ba. Nanso sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa.
Dɛn nti na nsensanee te sɛ eyi ba ahurututu no so?
Ebetumi aba sɛ nneɛma pii nti na eyi te saa. Momma yɛnhwɛ emu atitiriw no.
- Akuru a efi nyarewa dedaw mu ba: Eyi ne nea ɛtaa de ba. Ebia woanya ɔyare bi a atwam, te sɛ fungal yare anaa nsamanwaw, a asa na agyaw akisikuru ketewaa bi a ɛte sɛ akuru (granuloma) wɔ w’ahurututu mu. Eyinom nyɛ asiane biara koraa. Ɛte sɛ akuru ketewaa bi a wogyaw wɔ akyi bere a honam ani kuru bi sa.
- Akuru a ɛnyɛ hu: Akisikuru a ɛnyɛ kokoram a asiane biara nni ho nso betumi aba ahurututu no mu. Nhwɛso ahorow bi ne hamartomas ne lipomas.
- Nyarewa a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa: Saa akuru yi nso betumi aba esiane nyarewa a ɛsakra nipadua no ankasa nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no dwumadi te sɛ ntini mu yare anaa sarcoidosis nti.
- Ahurututu mu akuru (`Fibrosis`): Nneɛma a ɛde ba te sɛ sigaretnom, nnuru ahorow a wɔhome, anaa mfutuma betumi asɛe ahurututu no na ama akuru aba. Eyi nso betumi ada adi sɛ akuru.
- Kokoram a ɛma obi nya akisikuru:Yiw, ɛntaa mma sɛ saa akisikuru yi betumi ayɛ kokoram mfiase. Ahurututu mu kokoram (`ahurututu mu kokoram a ɛnyɛ nkwammoaa nketewa`, `ahurututu mu kokoram a ɛnyɛ nkwammoaa nketenkete`) betumi afi ase saa kwan yi so. Afei nso, wobetumi ahu akuru te sɛ eyi bere a kokoram a efi nipadua no fã foforo trɛw kɔ ahurututu mu (`metastasis`).
Dɛn na oduruyɛfo no bɛyɛ akyi?
Sɛ wo duruyɛfo hu akisikuru te sɛ eyi wɔ w’amanneɛbɔ so a, obesusuw nneɛma ahorow bi ho, a nea ɛka ho ne w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm a edi mũ, mfe a woadi, sɛ ebia wonom sigaret, ne sɛ ebia w’abusua mu obi anya kokoram anaa. Ɔbɛhwɛ nso titiriw wɔ akuru no kɛse, ne nsusuwii (n’ano a ɛyɛ torotoro anaa ɛyɛ mmerɛw), ne sɛnea ɛte wɔ scan no so no so.
So wubetumi ahu sɛ eyi yɛ kokoram afi CT scan mu?
Eyi ho mmuae tẽẽ ne dabi. Worentumi nhu 100% sɛ ɛyɛ kokoram anaasɛ ɛnte saa denam CT scan a wobɛhwɛ kɛkɛ so. Ɔkwan biako pɛ a wobetumi afa so asi so dua sɛ ɛyɛ kokoram ne sɛ wɔbɛyɛ biopsy, a ɛyɛ akisikuru no ketewaa bi a wɔfa na wɔhwehwɛ mu.
Nanso, CT scan no ma oduruyɛfo no nya nsɛm a ɛsom bo pii.
- Ne kɛse: Akuru a ɛyɛ nketewa sen sɛntimita 0.6 (milimita 6) no nni asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ɛbɛyɛ kokoram no sua koraa.
- Sɛnea ɛte: Ɛda adi sɛ akuru a n’ano yɛ torotoro na ɛyɛ kurukuruwa no nyɛ kokoram. Nkuruwankuruwa a n’ano yɛ toro, ɛyɛ nsensanee, na ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ no haw adwene kakra.
Bere bɛn na ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ nipadua mu nkwaadɔm mu nhwehwɛmu?
Ɛda adi sɛ wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ biopsy wɔ nsɛm a edidi so yi mu:
- Sɛ akuru no kɛse boro milimita 9 wɔ ne kɛse mu a.
- Sɛ akuru no yɛ kɛse nkakrankakra wɔ scan ahorow so bere kɔ so no.
- Sɛ wowɔ nneɛma afoforo a ɛde ahurututu mu kokoram ba a.
| Asiane a Ɛde Ahurututu Mu Kokoram Ba | |
|---|---|
| Sigaretnom | Sɛ mprempren wonom sigaret anaasɛ woanom sigaret bere bi a atwam a. |
| Mfeɛ | Sɛ́ wadi boro mfe 65. |
| Abusua abakɔsɛm | Sɛ wo anaa obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu anya kokoram pɛn a. |
| Nneɛma afoforo nti | Bere a wɔanya mframa a wɔde sa yare wɔ ne moma so no, asbestos anaa radon a wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ mu. |
Akwan pii wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so yɛ biopsy. Bronchoscopy, VATS (Video-assisted thoracic surgery), anaa needle biopsy yɛ emu bi. Wo duruyɛfo na obesi ɔkwan a eye ma wo ho gyinae.
Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow no?
Mpɛn pii no, akuru nketenkete a ɛnyɛ kokoram no nhia ayaresa biara. Wo duruyɛfo no bɛtaa ayɛ nea wɔfrɛ no "active surveillance." Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wobɛtwɛn a worenhaw wo ho.
Wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ CT scan foforo wɔ asram 6 anaa 12 mu. Eyi bɛhwɛ sɛ akuru no kɛse asesa anaa. Sɛ akuru no kɛse da so ara yɛ pɛ anaasɛ ɛso atew wɔ mfoninitwa mu wɔ bɛyɛ mfe abien mu a, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ɛyɛ kokoram no yɛ nea enni hɔ.
- Sɛ ɛyɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi a: Sɛ wohu sɛ akisikuru no fi ɔyare mmoawa bi a, wɔbɛma wɔn nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa anaa nnuru a ekum fungal.
- Sɛ akuru no nyin a: Sɛ akuru no nyin wɔ bere a wɔrehwɛ no mu, sɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ba, anaasɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ kokoram a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn yi akuru no.
Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?
Sɛ wo scan no bɔ amanneɛ sɛ ahurututu mu ntini bi wɔ hɔ a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn asusuw nneɛma biara a ɛhaw wo ho. Afei nso, sɛ wunya sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no bi, te sɛ wo koko mu yaw, ɔfe a ɛkɔ so, anaasɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome a, ɛsɛ sɛ wo nso wobɔ wo duruyɛfo amanneɛ ntɛm ara.
Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)?
Sɛ wunya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den te sɛ eyinom mpofirim a, kɔ ayaresabea Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Ntɛmntɛm (ETU) ntɛm ara anaa frɛ 1990.
- Koko mu yaw a emu yɛ den a wontumi nnyina ano
- Ɛyɛ den yiye sɛ wobɛhome.
- Mogya a ɛtɔ dodo bere a ɔrefefe no
Nea etwa to no, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:
- Dɛn na ebetumi ayɛ nea enti a mewɔ saa akisikuru yi?
- So ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ sɔhwɛ pii?
- Nsɛnkyerɛnne bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ midwen ho titiriw?
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Ahurututu mu nsensanee anaa akuru ketewaa bi (pulmonary nodule) yɛ ade a wɔtaa hu wɔ scan amanneɛbɔ ahorow mu.
- Eyinom mu bɛboro 95% nyɛ kokoram tebea horow. Enti mma wo ho nnpopo bere a wuhu amanneɛbɔ no.
- Wo duruyɛfo no besusuw nneɛma a ɛde asiane ba wo ne akisikuru no su ho na wasi nea ɔbɛyɛ akyi no ho gyinae.
- Mpɛn pii no, nea ehia ne ayaresa, na mmom sɛ wɔde scan bɛhwɛ akuru no so bere tenten.
- Sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔnom sigaret a, ade a eye sen biara a wubetumi ayɛ ama w’ahurututu akwahosan ne sɛ wubegyae sigaretnom.
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