Wuhu nneɛma a ɛyɛ fɛ wɔ wiase yi mu, wuhu w’adɔfo anim, na wode w’ani kenkan nhoma, ɛnte saa? Yɛn aniwa yɛ abɔde a ɛyɛ nwonwa ampa. Te sɛ mfoninitwa afiri a wɔde mfiridwuma mu nimdeɛ a ɛkorɔn ayɛ. Enti wɔ mfoninitwa afiri yi mu no, sini bi wɔ hɔ a ɛdan hann ma ɛbɛyɛ mfonini, anaasɛ sensor a ɛwɔ mfoninitwa mfiri foforo mu. Wɔ nnuruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ eyi retina . Ɛnnɛ, momma yensua pii fa anwonwade ketewa yi a ɛho hia ma w’anisoadehu no ho.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne retina no?
Retina yɛ ntini mu nkwammoaa a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye wɔ w’aniwa akyi. Sɛ wohwɛ biribi a, hann a efi saa ade no mu hyɛn w’ani mu na ɛtɔ retina yi so tẽẽ.
Fa no sɛ worehwɛ nhwiren fɛfɛ bi. Hann hann a efi nhwiren no mu ba no fa w’aniwa ahwehwɛ no mu na ɛtwe adwene si retina no so. Afei biribi a ɛyɛ nwonwa si. Nkwammoaa titiriw a ɛwɔ retina (yɛfrɛ saa photoreceptors yi ) dan hann yi ma ɛbɛyɛ anyinam ahoɔden ntini mu nsɛnkyerɛnne. Sɛnea mfoninitwa afiri dannan hann ma ɛbɛyɛ dijitaal data no.
Afei saa ntini mu nsɛnkyerɛnne yi fa ntini titiriw bi a wɔfrɛ no optic nerve so kɔ amemene no mu tẽẽ. Amemene no hwehwɛ saa nsɛnkyerɛnne yi mu na ɛka kyerɛ wo sɛ, "Oh... eyi yɛ rose kɔkɔɔ." Saa adeyɛ yi nyinaa si wɔ aniwa mu. So ɛnyɛ nwonwa?
Ɛne sɛ, retina no te sɛ aniwa no ne amemene no ntam kwan a ɛho hia yiye. Sɛ saa bridge yi sɛe kakra mpo a, ɔkwan a yɛfa so hu wiase no betumi asesa, ama nsensanee tuntum aba yɛn ani so, anaasɛ mpo yɛahwere yɛn ani koraa.
Dɛn ne retina no afã atitiriw abien no?
Yebetumi akyekyɛ yɛn retina no mu ayɛ no afã atitiriw abien. Ɛsono wɔn baanu nyinaa dwumadi ahorow.
1. Macula: Eyi ne retina no fã ketewaa a ɛwɔ mfinimfini a ɛma wotumi hu ade yiye sen biara. Macula no boa wo ma woyɛ nneɛma pa te sɛ nhoma a wobɛkenkan no pefee, ahu w’anim tebea, woka kar, ne ade a wode hyɛ ade mu. Saa ɔfã yi nso ho hia yiye ma kɔla ahorow a wubehu pefee.
2. Peripheral Retina: Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no beae kɛse a atwa macula no ho ahyia no. Saa ɔfã yi ma yehu ade a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri. Fa no sɛ wonam abɔnten so hwɛ w’anim tẽẽ. Wubetumi ahu onipa a ɔwɔ w’anim no pefee esiane macula no nti. Bere koro no ara mu no, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wuntumi nhu bɔs anaa sakre a efi nkyɛn reba. Saa anisoadehu a ɛwɔ akyi no, aniwa a ɛwɔ akyi no na ɛma. Ɛyɛ ɔfã yi nso na ɛboa wo ma wuhu nneɛma wɔ sum mu.
Nyarewa ne tebea horow a ɛtaa ba a ɛka retina no
Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, nyarewa ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi asɛe yɛn retina a ɛsom bo no. Eyinom bi mpo betumi ama obi ani abere daa, sɛ wɔansa no ntɛm a. Enti ɛho hia sɛ wohu eyi.
| Aduruyɛ mu tebea | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|
| Macular Degeneration a ɛnam mfe a obi adi nti | Mfinimfini anisoadehu (anisoadehu bere a wohwɛ w’anim tẽẽ) yɛ nea wontumi nhu bere a macula no yɛ mmerɛw bere a obi nyin no. |
| Asikreyare a ɛfa Retinopathy ho | Asikreyare sɛe mogya ntini a ɛwɔ retina no mu. Eyi ne ade titiriw a ɛma obi nhu ade yiye. |
| Hypertensive Retinopathy (aniwa mu yare a mogya mmoroso de ba) . | Mogya ntini a ɛwɔ retina no mu a ɛsɛe esiane mogya mmoroso a wontumi nni so nti. |
| Retina a Ɛpaapae ne Nusu | Retina no tetew fi ntini a ɛwɔ ase no ho. Eyi yɛ aduruyɛ mu asɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ. |
| Macular Tokuru / Macular Pucker a Ɛyɛ Fɛ | Anisoadehu a wɔakyinkyim (te sɛ nsensanee a ɛyɛ tẽẽ a wuhu) esiane tokuru ketewaa bi anaasɛ nwi a ɛyɛ nwi a ɛwɔ macula no mu nti. |
| Retinal Bleeding - Mogya a ɛtɔ | Retina mogya ntini mu paapae na mogya tu esiane nneɛma ahorow nti. |
| Retina Ntini/Ntini a Ɛsiw | Mogya ntini bi a ɛma mogya kɔ aniwa no mu a esiw. Wɔsan frɛ eyi "aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw." |
| Retinitis a Ɛyɛ Nneɛma a Ɛyɛ Fɛ | Tebea a wonya fi awo mu a bere kɔ so no, ɛma anisoadehu yɛ mmerɛw nkakrankakra. |
| Owia mu Aniwa mu Yare | Sɛ wohwɛ owia no tẽẽ a wunhia ahobammɔ a, ebetumi asɛe retina no. |
| Aniwa mu Kokoram | Sɛ nhwɛso no, retinoblastoma, a ɛba mmofra nkumaa so. |
Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya retina ho haw?
Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ w’ani anaa w’ani so a, mmu w’ani ngu so. Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edidi so yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn, titiriw aniwa ho oduruyɛfo, ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi.
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Anisoadehu a ɛyɛ kusuu anaasɛ ɛyɛ kyinkyim | Nneɛma a wonhu no yiye, nsensanee a ɛyɛ tẽẽ a wohu. |
| Tunnel Anisoadehu | Ɛte sɛ nea worehwɛ afiri bi mu, na anisoadehu no afã abien no nyinaa ayera. |
| Aniwa a Wɔde Hyehyɛ Nsu Mu | Sɛ wote nka sɛ nneɛma te sɛ akɔre ntaban, nsensanee, anaa nsensanee rehuruhuruw wɔ w’ani anim. Ɛhaw wo ho, titiriw sɛ eyinom dɔɔso mpofirim a . |
| Aniwa a Ɛhyerɛn | Sɛ wuhu hann bi wɔ w’ani ntwea so, te sɛ anyinam a ɛretu anaa mfoninitwa afiri a ɛrehyerɛn. |
| Anifuraefo Nsɛntitiriw / Curtain | Nea worehwɛ no afã horow bi yera anaasɛ atenka bi te sɛ screen tuntum bi retɔ w’ani anim. |
| Anisoadehu Mmienu | Ade biako a ɛda adi sɛ abien. |
| Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhwɛ hann (Light Sensitivity) . | Hann a ɛfata mpo te nka sɛ ɛhyerɛn dodo sɛ aniwa no betumi agyina ano. |
Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo no hwehwɛ retina no mu?
Sɛ wokɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, ɔbɛfa akwan horow so ahwɛ w’aniwa retina.
- Ntrɛwmu: Wo duruyɛfo de nnuru kakraa bi bɛhyɛ w’ani so de atrɛw w’aniwa mu sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubetumi ahu w’aniwa no yiye. Ebia w’ani betumi ayɛ kusuu kakra nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi wɔ ɛno akyi.
- Slit Lamp Exam: Wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete ne hann soronko bi hwehwɛ aniwa no anim nyinaa, fi akyi kosi retina no mu.
- Fundoscopy / Ophthalmoscopy: Adwinnade a wɔde nsa yɛ a ɛhyerɛn hann bi kɔ aniwa no mu de hwehwɛ retina, aniwa ntini, ne mogya ntini mu.
- Fundus Photography: Mfoninitwa afiri titiriw bi twa retina no mfonini a ɛyɛ fɛ. Eyi ho hia yiye ma yare tebea horow a wɔhwɛ so.
Yɛbɛyɛ dɛn atumi ahwɛ yɛn retina no so?
Yɛnka sɛ "bɔ w'ani ho ban te sɛ aniwa abien" kwa. Enti, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛyɛ saa nneɛma yi na ama wo retinas a ɛbɔ w’aniwa ho ban no anya apɔwmuden.
- Ma wɔnhwɛ w’ani daa: Sɛ́ ebia wohyɛ ahwehwɛ anaasɛ woanhyɛ no, anyɛ yiye koraa no, ma aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkɔhwɛ w’ani pɛnkoro afe anaa abien biara .
- Sɛ wowɔ asikreyare anaa mogya mmoroso a: Esiane sɛ nyarewa yi ka aniwa no tẽẽ nti, ɛho hia sɛ wɔhwehwɛ w’ani pɛnkoro afe biara . Di wo yare no so sɛnea wo duruyɛfo kamfo kyerɛ no.
- Nya aduan pa: Nnuan a vitamin A, C, E, ne zinc pii wom no ye ma aniwa no yiye. Fa nhabannuru a ɛyɛ ahabammono (spinach, kale), karɔt, ɛmo, akutu, ne mpataa ka w’aduan ho.
- Kura mu duru a ɛfata mu: Nipadua mu duru a wobɛhwɛ so no boa ma wobɔ wo ho ban fi nyarewa te sɛ asikreyare ne mogya mmoroso ho.
- Bɔ w’ani ho ban fi owia ho: Hyɛ ahwehwɛ pa a ɛbɔ wo ho ban fi UV mframa ho bere a worekɔ abɔnten no. Mma nhwɛ owia no tẽẽ.
- Hyɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛbɔ wo ho ban: Hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛhyɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛbɔ wo ho ban wɔ tebea horow a asiane wɔ hɔ ma w’ani so, te sɛ bere a woredi agumadi, worebɔ welding, anaa wode mfiri reyɛ adwuma no.
- Mma w’ani ngu nsakrae a ɛba w’anisoadehu mu so: Sɛ mpo wote nka sɛ w’anisoadehu resɛe nkakrankakra a, nsusuw sɛ ɛyɛ onyin ho sɛnkyerɛnne ara kwa. Hwɛ oduruyɛfo na woahu nea ɛde ba.
Tebea horow bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara!
Eyi ho hia paa. Sɛ wuhyia nea edidi so yi mu biara a, nsɛe bere na kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo no Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) . Eyinom betumi ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ biribi asi ntɛm, te sɛ retina a atew. Ayaresa a wɔde ma ntɛm no betumi agye w’ani.
Sɛ wohwere w’ani so mpofirim, sɛ mpofirim ara wufi ase hu nsensanee tuntum pii a ɛrehuruhuruw wɔ w’ani so, sɛ wokɔ so hu hann a ɛrehyerɛn te sɛ anyinam, anaasɛ wote nka sɛ ntama tuntum bi retɔ w’ani anim a, kɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara.
Sɛ wobu ani gu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi so a, ebetumi ama obi ani afura koraa mpo. Enti mma wo ho nnpopo anaasɛ wo ho nnyɛ wo hu, na hwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Retina ne aniwa no fã a ɛho hia sen biara, a ɛwɔ aniwa no akyi, na ɛdan hann ma ɛbɛyɛ ntini mu nsɛnkyerɛnne na ɛde kɔ amemene no mu. Ɛte sɛ sensor a ɛwɔ mfoninitwa afiri mu no.
- Sɛ wo retina no wɔ apɔwmuden nkutoo a, wubetumi ahu ade a emu da hɔ na ɛyɛ nnam.
- Asikreyare ne mogya mmoroso yɛ nyarewa a ebetumi asɛe retina no kɛse. Sɛ wowɔ saa nyarewa yi a, ɛho hia sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no wohwɛ w’ani pɛnkoro afe biara.
- Sɛ mpofirim ara wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ nsensanee tuntum a ɛsensɛn w’ani anim, hann a ɛhyerɛn, anaasɛ screen tuntum a ɛkata w’aniwa fã bi so a, ɛyɛ ntɛmpɛ. Kɔ ayaresabea bi Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Nneɛma a Ɛho Hia Ntɛmntɛm (ETU) ntɛm ara.
- Mma w’ani ngu nsakrae biara a ɛba w’anisoadehu mu so, sɛ ɛba nkakrankakra mpo a. Kɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn kɔhwehwɛ afotu. W’anisoadehu a ɛsom bo a wobɛbɔ ho ban no wɔ wo nsam.
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