Seesei woadu bere a wowɔ ahofadi kakra na wo ho adwo wo wɔ wo nyinsɛn no mu. Ɛno ne ɔsram abiɛsa a ɛto so abien . Eyi ne bere a asram abiɛsa a edi kan no mu ɔhaw ahorow no ano abrɛ ase, wubetumi adidi na woanom yiye kakra, na wote nka sɛ wo ho yɛ den. Saa bere yi mu no, wo duruyɛfo no bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii de ahwɛ sɛ wo ne wo ba ketewa a ɔwɔ w’awotwaa mu no yiye. Nsuro sɔhwɛ ahorow yi. Wɔyɛ eyinom de hwɛ hu sɛ mo baanu nyinaa wɔ apɔwmuden. Ma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ?
Sɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔyɛ no daa wɔ ayaresabea biara
Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ nneɛma kakraa bi wɔ hɔ a woyɛ bere biara a wobɛkɔ ayaresabea ama wo bra. Eyinom mu dodow no ara yɛ nneɛma a ebia woayɛ wo su koraa mprempren.
- Nsuo mu nhwehwɛmu: Wɔfa wo nsuo bi na wɔhwɛ sɛ nneɛma te sɛ protein, asikre, anaa ɔyareɛ bi ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi wɔ hɔ anaa.
- Mu duru ne mogya mmoroso: Wo duruyɛfo betumi anya w’akwahosan ho adwene pa denam wo mu duru a obesusuw ne wo mogya mmoroso a ɔbɛhwɛ so .
Nanso nneɛma abien wɔ hɔ a worehwɛ kwan sen eyinom nyinaa.
1. Wo yafunu tenten a wobɛsusu: Oduruyɛfoɔ no de teyp susudua bɛsusu wo yafunu tenten. Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ ‘fundal height’ susudua. Eyi yɛ ɔkwan tiawa a wobɛfa so ahu sɛ wo awotwaa, ne akokoaa no, renyin yiye anaa.
2. Awotwaa mu koma nne: Mfiri ketewaa bi a wɔde nsa kura mu a ɛma wotumi te wo ba no koma bɔ (fetal heart tones). Anigye a ɛwɔ saa koma bɔ ketewaa no a wɔte mu no yɛ nea wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu, ɛnte saa?
Ultrasound scan a wɔde ahopere twɛn no
Saa scan yi ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ wɔ ɔsram abiɛsa a ɛto so abien no mu. Wɔtaa yɛ no bɛyɛ adapɛn 20 wɔ nyinsɛn akyi . Nnipa binom nso frɛ no ‘anomaly scan’. Eyi nyɛ akokoaa no a wobɛhwɛ no ara kwa. Ebetumi de nsɛm a ɛho hia pii ama.
Saa scan yi hwɛ pefee sɛ akokoaa no nipadua mu akwaa atitiriw nyinaa te sɛ amemene, koma, asaabo, ne akwaa anyin yiye ne sɛ ebia sintɔ bi wɔ hɔ anaa.
| Nneɛma atitiriw a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ wɔ adapɛn 20 scan no mu | |
|---|---|
| Akokoaa nkɔso | Wɔhwɛ hu sɛ akokoaa no anyin yiye wɔ adapɛn dodow a wɔakyerɛ no mu. |
| Beae a akwaa ahorow no wɔ ne nkɔso | Wɔhwehwɛ nneɛma te sɛ amemene, koma, akyi berɛmo, asaabo, ne anim nneɛma (sɛ nhwɛso no, tebea horow te sɛ anom a apaapae) mu. |
| Placenta beae a ɛwɔ | Wɔhwɛ sɛ asiane tebea bi te sɛ placenta previa, baabi a awotwaa no wɔ fam wɔ awotwaa no mu anaa. |
| Amniotic Fluid dodow a ɛwɔ mu | Hwɛ a wɔbɛhwɛ sɛ nsu dodow (amniotic fluid) a atwa akokoaa no ho ahyia no dɔɔso anaa. |
| Nwansena | Wɔde si so dua sɛ ebia mmofra boro biako wɔ awotwaa no mu anaa. |
Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ wohu biribi a ɛyɛ adwenem naayɛ wɔ saa scan yi so a, ebia wo duruyɛfo de wo bɛkɔ oduruyɛfo bi nkyɛn akɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wobetumi ayɛ Doppler scan nso. Wɔyɛ eyi de hwɛ sɛ mogya a ɛkɔ awotwaa no ne akokoaa no ntam no ye anaa.
Nyinsɛn mu Asikreyare Ho Nhwehwɛmu Sɔhwɛ
Eyi nso yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia yiye a wɔyɛ wɔ ɔsram abiɛsa a ɛto so abien no mu. Wɔtaa yɛ no adapɛn 24 kosi 28 ntam .
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wonom glucose (asikre) nsu titiriw bi, na afei dɔnhwerew biako akyi no, wogye wo mogya de hwɛ sɛnea asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mu no te. Eyi yɛ nea wɔde bɛhwɛ sɛ wowɔ nyinsɛn mu asikreyare, tebea a ɛba bere a wonyinsɛn nkutoo anaa.
Sɛ wɔanhyɛ saa tebea yi so a, akokoaa no betumi ayɛ kɛse dodo, awo no betumi ayɛ den, na wo ne akokoaa no betumi anya akwahosan ho haw daakye. Enti, sɔhwɛ yi yɛ ade a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ. Sɛ wɔkyerɛ sɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu no dɔɔso a, wɔde wo bɛkɔ nhwehwɛmu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse (Glucose Tolerance Test) mu de asi so dua. Mma ɛnhaw wo, wo duruyɛfoɔ bɛma wo afotuo a ɛhia.
Nhwehwɛmu titiriw a wɔyɛ de hwehwɛ awosu mu tebea horow a ɛwɔ akokoaa no mu
Ɛnyɛ ahyɛde sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi ma ɔbea biara a onyinsɛn . Wɔtaa kamfo kyerɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ asiane ahorow bi. Nhwɛsoɔ:
- Sɛ ɛna no adi boro mfe 35 a.
- Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ abusua no mu wɔ awosu mu yare te sɛ Down syndrome a .
- Sɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow a wɔayɛ wɔ ɔsram abiɛsa a edi kan no mu no ada asiane biara adi a.
Ansa na wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi no, ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo susuw mfaso ne ɔhaw ahorow ho na wusi gyinae.
| Sɔhwɛ no din | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Agyiraehyɛde ahorow pii a Wɔhwehwɛ (Triple/Quad Test) . | Eyi yɛ nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ wo mogya ho. Ɛhwɛ protein ahorow bi (MSAFP) ne hormone ahorow a akokoaa no yɛ no dodow, na ebu asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ akokoaa no benya Down syndrome anaasɛ ntini mu ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no ho akontaa. Ɛwom sɛ eyi kyerɛ asiane bi de, nanso ɛnyɛ 100% a wɔde bɛma. |
| Amniocentesis a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma | Wɔyɛ eyi de si so dua sɛ ebia atifi hɔ sɔhwɛ no kyerɛ sɛ asiane bi wɔ hɔ anaa. Wɔyɛ scan, na wɔde ade a ɛyɛ tratraa paa fa yafunu no mu, na wɔfa amniotic nsu a atwa akokoaa no ho ahyia no kakraa bi de yɛ nhwehwɛmu. Eyi betumi ahu awosu mu tebea horow a ɛboro 99% pɛpɛɛpɛ. Nanso, asiane ketewaa bi na ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ nyinsɛn bɛtu (bɛyɛ 0.2% - 0.5%). |
| Nhwehwɛmu a Wɔyɛ ansa na Awo a Wɔmfa Nhyɛ Mu (NIPT) . | Eyi nso yɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ yiye a wɔde ɛna no mogya di dwuma. Etumi hu tebea horow te sɛ Down syndrome pɛpɛɛpɛ 99% denam akokoaa no DNA (akokoaa DNA a nkwammoaa nnim) a ɛwɔ ɛna no mogya mu a ɛbɛhwehwɛ mu no so. |
Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ, sɛ wowɔ adwenem naayɛ, ehu, anaa nsɛmmisa bi wɔ nea ebefi awosu mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛte sɛɛ mu aba ho a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo besusuw ho. Ɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ biribiara mu akyerɛ wo na wama wo adwene mu mmoa a wuhia.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Nyinsɛn no fã a ɛto so abiɛsa no yɛ bere a ɛho hia a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ wo ne wo ba no akwahosan yiye.
- Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa a wɔyɛ wɔ ayaresabea biara te sɛ mu duru, mogya mmoroso, ne nsu mu nhwehwɛmu no yɛ nea ɛbɛma mo baanu nyinaa anya ahobammɔ.
- Adapɛn 20 anomaly scan no yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia yiye a wɔde hwɛ sɛnea akokoaa no nyin ne ne akwaa akwahosan.
- Mma nnyae sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ asikreyare a ɛwɔ nyinsɛn mu anaa. Ebetumi asiw nsɛnnennen pii a ɛbɛba daakye ano.
- Ɛnyɛ ahyɛde sɛ obiara bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu titiriw a wɔde hwehwɛ awosu mu nyarewa (Amniocentesis, NIPT). Wɔyɛ no sɛ asiane bi wɔ hɔ a, na wɔyɛ no wɔ nnuruyɛfo afotu so.
- Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm bi a ɛhaw wo wɔ nhwehwɛmu biara ho a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka ho asɛm pefee.
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