Dɛn ne Renin? Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛka wo mogya mmoroso?

So woasusuw adwinnade bi a ɛyɛ nwonwa a ɛyɛ adwuma wɔ wo nipadua mu ma wo mogya mmoroso, kyerɛ sɛ, mogya mmoroso, kɔ so yɛ nea ɛfata no ho pɛn? Ɛte sɛ dɔn a aniwa nhu a ɛyɛ adwuma yiye paa. Enti, nnipa atitiriw a wɔwɔ saa adeyɛ a ɛho hia yi mu no mu biako ne ‘Renin’. Ebia woante din yi ho asɛm, nanso ɔsom a ɛde ma w’akwahosan no sõ yiye. Momma yɛnka renin yi ho asɛm wɔ nsɛm a ɛnyɛ den mu nnɛ.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne Renin?

Okay, momma yɛnhyɛ aseɛ wɔ mfitiaseɛ no. Renin yɛ enzyme a nkwammoaa soronko bi a ɛwɔ w’asaabo mu na ɛyɛ. Enzyme yɛ protein a ɛma nnuru kɔ yɛn nipadua mu ntɛmntɛm.

Saa renin yi nyɛ ade biako pɛ. Ɛyɛ nhyehyɛe bi a ɛho hia paa no fã. Yɛfrɛ no ‘renin-angiotensin-aldosterone nhyehyɛe’. Mma ɛnhaw wo, ebia edin no bɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛware kakra. Ɛyɛ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛyɛ nneɛma a ɛka bom. Nhyehyɛe yi nyinaa atirimpɔw titiriw ne sɛ ɛbɛma wo mogya mmoroso ayɛ nea ɛfata.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na renin yɛ adwuma wɔ nipadua no mu? Eyi ne sɛnea saa adeyɛ yi kɔ so!

Sɛ yɛbɛte eyi ase a, momma yɛmfa nhwɛso ketewaa bi. Fa no sɛ wo nipadua yɛ kurow, mogya ntini no ne nsu afiri a ɛwɔ saa kurow no mu, na mogya no ne nsu a ɛsen wɔ saa nsu afiri no mu. Afei mogya mmoroso yɛ nhyɛso a ɛwɔ saa nsu nhama no mu.

Afei fa no sɛ biribi nti saa nsuo (mogya nhyɛsoɔ) yi so tew. Dɛn na ɛba saa bere no? Kurow no mu nsu ho dwumadibea (kyerɛ sɛ, w’asaabo) te eyi nka. Ntɛm ara, asaabo no gyae ɔbɔfo bi. Saa ɔbɔfo no ne renin.

Sɛ wɔde renin ka mogya no ho pɛ a, eyi ne nea ɛba:

1. Anamɔn a edi kan: Renin di kan kɔhwehwɛ protein bi a ɛda hɔ a wɔfrɛ no angiotensinogen, a wɔyɛ wɔ mmerɛbo no mu. Renin ma protein yi yɛ adwuma na ɛdan no angiotensin I.

2. Anamɔn 2: Saa ‘angiotensin I’ yi nnya nyɛɛ den koraa. Sɛ ɛfa mogya no mu kɔ ahurututu mu a, enzyme foforo a ɛwɔ hɔ no dan no ma ɛbɛyɛ ‘angiotensin II’ a ano yɛ den kɛse mpo.

3. Anamɔn a Ɛto so Abiɛsa: Afei adwuma ankasa no si. Saa ade a tumi wom a wɔfrɛ no ‘angiotensin II’ yi yɛ nneɛma abien.

• Biako ne sɛ, ɛkɔ na ɛtwetwe yɛn mogya ntini (saa nsu nhama no). Dɛn na ɛba saa bere no? Sɛ paipu no mu yɛ den a, nhyɛso no kɔ soro, na mogya no nso kɔ soro.
• Nea ɛto so abien no, ɛma adrenal glands (ntini nketewa abien a ɛwɔ asaabo no atifi) no kyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ hormone bi a wɔfrɛ no aldosterone.

4. Anamɔn a etwa to:Saa hormone yi, aldosterone, ka kyerɛ asaabo no sɛ "nnyae nkyene (sodium) ne nsu a wɔayi afi nipadua no mu no bere tiaa bi." Eyi ma nsu dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no yɛ kɛse. Eyi nso ma mogya mmoroso kɔ soro.

Bere bɛn na woyi renin fi nipadua no mu?

Nneɛma atitiriw pii nti na asaabo no gyae renin. Ɛne sɛ, yɛn nipadua no de nyansa kɛse rehwɛ nneɛma yi so.

• Mogya mmoroso a ɛba fam: Sɛ nneɛma a ɛma wohu nhyɛso (baroreceptors) a ɛwɔ mogya ntini mu no te nka sɛ mogya mmoroso so atew a, ɛde nsɛnkyerɛnne kɔ asaabo no mu.
• Nkyene (sodium) a ɛba fam wɔ nipadua no mu: Asaabo tumi hu bere a sodium dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu so atew no. Sɛ ɛba saa a, wogyae renin.
• Ntini mu dwumadi: Sɛ yesuro, yɛabrɛ, anaa yɛreteɛteɛ yɛn apɔw mu a, ɛkanyan yɛn ntini ahorow. Renin a wɔayi afi hɔ nso betumi aba wɔ saa mmere yi mu.

So sɔhwɛ bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde hwɛ sɛnea renin dodow te?

Yiw, koraa. Sɛ wo duruyɛfo pɛ a, obetumi ayɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu de ahu wo renin dodow. Wɔtaa de sɔhwɛ bi a wɔfrɛ no ‘Plasma Renin Activity’ (PRA) susuw eyi. Saa sɔhwɛ yi nso taa susuw wo aldosterone dodow.

Afei ebia worebisa wo ho sɛ, "Dɛn nti na mihia sɔhwɛ yi?" Ade titiriw nti a oduruyɛfo bɛhyɛ sɛ wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi ne sɛ wowɔ mogya mmoroso a ɛyɛ den sɛ wode nnuru a wode di dwuma daa bedi so.

Ɛtɔ da bi a, mogya mmoroso tumi fi tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ‘primary aldosteronism’, a wɔsan frɛ no ‘Conn’s syndrome’. Wɔ tebea yi mu no, nipadua no yɛ hormone aldosterone no pii dodo. Enti, sɛ wosɔ wo renin ne aldosterone dodow nyinaa hwɛ a, ebetumi aboa wo duruyɛfo ma wahu nea ɛde wo mogya mmoroso ba ankasa.

Dɛn na renin dodow a ɛkɔ soro kyerɛ?

Sɛ w’amanneɛbɔ no kyerɛ sɛ renin dodow dɔɔso a, ebetumi akyerɛ akwahosan tebea horow bi a ɛhyɛ ase. Eyi nyɛ yare, na mmom ɛyɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ara kwa.

Dɛn na ɛde renin dodow a ɛba fam ba?

Afei nso, tebea horow bi betumi afi renin dodow a ɛba fam wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so aba.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobɛma renin dodow akɔ so ayɛ nea ɛfata?

Eyi ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara. Worentumi "nte" wo renin level no nka da wɔ n'ankasa so. Renin dodow a ɛkɔ soro anaasɛ ɛba fam nyɛ yare, na mmom ɛyɛ tebea foforo a ɛde ba ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

Enti, wo duruyɛfo no na ɛsɛ sɛ ɔde eyi ano aduru ma. Ɔbɛhwɛ w’amanneɛbɔ no mu, ayɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo sɛ ɛho hia a, na wahu nea ɛde renin dodow a ɛnteɛ no ba ankasa . Ayaresa no begyina saa ade a ɛde ba no so.

Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wowɔ mogya mmoroso ne renin dodow a ɛkɔ soro a, wo duruyɛfo betumi akyerɛw wo nnuru a ɛma mogya mmoroso te sɛ beta-blockers. Sɛ nea ɛde ba ne nsu a ɛho ayɛ fĩ a, ebia obetu wo fo sɛ nom nsu pii.