So iron pii wɔ wo nipadua mu, nanso wo ho nyɛ wo den? So ebetumi ayɛ sideroblastic anemia?

So wotaa te nka sɛ woabrɛ na wo home yɛ mmerɛw? So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wote nka sɛ wo mogya so atew? Eyinom betumi ayɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a ɛtaa ba ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ntease a emu yɛ den kɛse betumi aba eyi akyi. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka mogya mu yareɛ bi a ɛho yɛ na kakra, nanso ɛho hia sɛ yɛhunu ho asɛm. Ɛno ne sideroblastic anemia, anaa sɛnea nnuruyɛfo frɛ no `(Sideroblastic Anemia - SA)`.

Enti dɛn ne Sideroblastic Anemia?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi a ɛka ɔkwan a yɛn nipadua no fa so yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu no. Sɛ wowɔ saa tebea yi a, wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no sua, na ɛkyerɛ sɛ mogya atɔ wo. Nanso bere koro no ara mu no, nea ɛyɛ nwonwa no, wowɔ dade pii nso. Dɛn nti na eyi rekɔ so? Efisɛ wo nipadua no mfa dade a ehia na ama mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no ayɛ adwuma yiye no nni dwuma.

Hena na tebea yi ka no kɛse?

Saa tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no `(Sideroblastic Anemia)` betumi aba wɔ akwan abien so. Biako ne mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu a wɔde awo anaa CSA . Ɛne sɛ, wɔde saa yare yi wo nkokoaa binom. Ɔfoforo no ne mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a wɔanya sideroblastic . Eyi ne ɔkwan a wɔtaa de di dwuma. Ebetumi afi nyarewa afoforo a efi mogya mu, nnuru bi a wɔde di dwuma, anaa nnuru bi a wɔde di dwuma dodo mu.

Susuw ho hwɛ, ɛtɔ mmere bi a nkokoaa ne mmofra nkumaa a wɔwo wɔn a wɔwɔ saa tebea yi no betumi anya akwahosan ho haw ahorow a ɛde wɔn nkwa to asiane mu esiane dade a ɛboro so a ɛwɔ wɔn nipadua mu nti, a wonim no sɛ ``dade a ɛboro so.'' Sɛ mpanyimfo nya saa yare yi a, wobetumi anya tebea horow te sɛ komayare ne mmerɛbo mu yare a ɛyɛ mmerɛw.

Asɛmpa bi wɔ hɔ! Ɛwom sɛ nnuruyɛfo ntumi nsa awo mu `(Sideroblastic Anemia) yare koraa de, nanso nnuru bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi adi sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so na asiw nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den ano. Nanso, wobetumi asa `(Sideroblastic Anemia)` ahorow bi a ɛba akyiri yi wɔ asetra mu.

Saa tebea yi a ɛyɛ nea ɛwɔ hɔ bere a wɔawo no no betumi aka nkokoaa, mmofra nkumaa, ne mpanyimfo nkumaa mpo. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, CSA ho sɛnkyerɛnne no nyɛ den koraa. Enti sɛ wɔde bi awo wo mpo a, ebia nnipa binom rennya akwahosan ho haw kɛse biara kosi sɛ wobenyin.

Akyiri yi, a wɔfrɛ no ``Acquired CSA,'' taa ba nnipa a wɔwɔ mogya mu yare bi a wɔfrɛ no ``myelodysplastic syndrome.'' Ɛsan nso betumi afi nnuru te sɛ kɔbere ne zinc a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu, nnuru bi a wɔde di dwuma, anaa biribiara a ɛka nipadua no tumi a ɛde kɔbere di dwuma no mu aba.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na saa tebea yi ka me nipadua?

Nnipa a wɔwɔ sideroblastic anemia taa da mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne adi. That is, they feel extremely tired for no reason.Ɔbrɛ a wɔte nka, ɔhome mu haw, ne nea ɛkeka ho Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, wobetumi anya ``macrocytic anemia'' (mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛsõ sen sɛnea ɛte daa) ne ``microcytic anemia'' (mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ ketewaa sen sɛnea ɛte daa). Mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu abien no nyinaa nso betumi ayɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu ahorow afoforo ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde sideroblastic anemia ba?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no, eyi betumi afi awo mu, anaasɛ ebetumi aba akyiri yi esiane aduruyɛ tebea foforo, dade, aboɔden abo, anaa nnuru bi a wɔde di dwuma nti.

Sɛ yɛbɛte nea ɛde congenital sideroblastic anemia (congenital SA) ba no ase a, ɛboa sɛ yebehu sɛnea yɛn mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no yɛ adwuma kakra.

Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ ho nnianim asɛm tiawa

Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ ne nkwammoaa a ɛtaa ba yɛn mogya mu. Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden na ɛho akokwaw ho hia na ama mframa pa akɔ yɛn nipadua mu ntini ahorow mu. Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ nam protein bi a wɔfrɛ no hemoglobin mmoa so na ɛyɛ eyi. Hemoglobin ne nea ɛma mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ kɔla kɔkɔɔ.

Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ hia dade na ama wɔatumi ayɛ hemoglobin. Mpɛn pii no, yɛn nnompe mu ntini no yɛ ntini mu nkwammoaa. Akyiri yi saa ntini mu nkwammoaa yi nyin bɛyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ennyinii a wɔfrɛ no erythrocytes. Hemoglobin ne iron dodow a ɛfata a ehia na ama wɔanya mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛte apɔw na ɛho akokwaw yi wɔ saa nkwammoaa a ennyinii yi mu.

Nanso, sɛ wowɔ sideroblastic anemia a, wo nipadua ntumi mfa saa dade yi nni dwuma. Eyi de ɔhaw abien ba. Sɛ dade nni hɔ a, wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no ntumi nyɛ hemoglobin a ɛdɔɔso a ɛbɛma oxygen akɔ wo nipadua nyinaa mu. Ɔkwan foforo so no, dade a wɔmfa nni dwuma no boaboa ano wɔ wo nnompe mu. Eyi de nkwammoaa bi a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so a wɔfrɛ no ringed sideroblast ba . Sideroblast yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ennyinii a dade nkaa bi atwa ne nucleus ho ahyia. Nnuruyɛfo tumi hu saa nkaa yi bere a wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwɛ ntini mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ nnompe mu ntini mu no. Sideroblastic anemia nyaa ne din fii saa dade nkaa yi mu. Saa dade nkaa yi kyerɛ sɛ nkwammoaa no rekora dade so mmom sen sɛ wɔde bedi dwuma. This buildup of iron is called iron overload . Saa dade a ɛboro so yi na ɛde akwahosan ho haw a emu yɛ den pii a ebetumi aba esiane sideroblastic anemia nti no ba.

Dɛn ne Congenital Sideroblastic Anemia (CSA) ahorow?

SA a wonya fi awo mu no ahorow abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ. Eyinom fi awosu mu nkwaadɔm bi mu nsakrae a ɛka mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dwumadi. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ:

• X-linked sideroblastic mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu:Eyi ne mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a wɔtaa de ba a wɔde wo awo mu. Ɛnam mutation a ɛba gene a ɛyɛ enzyme pɔtee bi a wɔfrɛ no ``ALAS2`` mu, na ɛde hemoglobin a ɛho nhia ba. Nnipa a wɔwɔ saa tebea yi wɔ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ nketewa sen sɛnea ɛte daa (microcytic). Wɔsan nso wɔ dade a ɛboro so wɔ wɔn nipadua mu.
• Autosomal recessive sideroblastic anemia (ARCSA): Eyi ne nea ɛto so abien a ɛtaa ba. ARCSA ka nkokoaa ne mmofra nkumaa paa. Ɛyɛ tebea a emu yɛ den a ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi de nkwa ato asiane mu. Ɛba bere a dade dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no dɔɔso dodo no.
• Ɛna: CSA ayarefo nyinaa mu bɛyɛ 20% hyɛ saa kuw yi mu. Eyi te saa efisɛ awosu mu abɔde a nkwa wom a wɔfrɛ no MT-ATP6 no sesa, na ɛka wo mitochondria dwumadi. (Mitochondria ne akwaa a ɛwɔ yɛn nkwammoaa mu. Ɛno na ɛma nkwammoaa no ahoɔden fibea titiriw. Mitochondria dan ahoɔden a efi aduan mu no ma ɛbɛyɛ ɔkwan a nkwammoaa no betumi de adi dwuma.)

Dɛn ne sideroblastic anemia a wonya a ɛba akyiri yi wɔ asetra mu?

Sideroblastic anemia ahodoɔ mmienu na ɛwɔ hɔ a ɛba akyiri yi wɔ nkwa mu - mfitiaseɛ ne deɛ ɛtɔ so mmienu. SA titiriw kyerɛ SA a ɛne tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no myelodysplastic syndrome wɔ abusuabɔ. SA a ɛto so abien kyerɛ SA a ebetumi aba bere a wɔde dade, nnuru, ne nnuru bi adi dwuma kɛse akyi. Nneɛma a ebetumi ama mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a ɛto so abien aba no bi ne:

• Nsã: Nsa a wɔnom ne ade titiriw a ɛde sideroblastic anemia a efi ase akyiri yi ba.
• Heavy metal awuduru: Nea ɛka eyi ho ne kɔbere awuduru ne arsenic awuduru.
• Vitamin B a enni nipadua mu: Vitamin B boa ma wɔyɛ ade bi a wɔfrɛ no heme, na ɛdan hemoglobin. Heme ne nea ɛboa ma oxygen kɔ.
• Kɔbere a enni nipadua mu: Kɔbere boa ma wɔyɛ enzyme bi a ɛbɔ ho ban fi dade a ɛboro so ho.
• Zinc a wɔnom boro so: Zinc a wɔnom boro so no betumi aka ɔkwan a nipadua no fa so de dade di dwuma na ɛtwetwe kɔbere. Nnipa binom nom zinc a wɔde ma na eyi betumi asi.
• Nnuru: Nnuru bi a ekum ɔyare mmoawa, nnuru a wɔde sa yare, hormone, ne nnuru a ɛma kɔbere so tew betumi ama mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a ɛto so abien aba. Nnuruyɛfo sa SA a ɛte sɛɛ denam nnuru a worenom no a wɔsɔ hwɛ na woyi nnuru a wosusuw sɛ ɛde SA ba no fi hɔ no so.

Dɛn ne sideroblastic anemia ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Te sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu ahorow pii no, sideroblastic anemia ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi ne:

• Ɔbrɛ a ɛtra so:Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wobɛte nka sɛ woabrɛ araa ma wuntumi nyɛ da biara da nnwuma.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den: Eyi yɛ nkate a obi te nka sɛ ne menewa anaasɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome.
• Koma a ɛbɔ: Eyi yɛ nkate a ɛkyerɛ sɛ koma no rebɔ ntɛmntɛm dodo, anaasɛ ɛrebɔ wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so.
• Tipaeɛ.

Nnipa a wɔwɔ X-linked sideroblastic anemia betumi anya sɛnkyerɛnne foforo esiane hemoglobin a ɛnnɔɔso ne iron dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ nipadua no mu nti. Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi ne:

• Mmerɛbo a ɛtrɛw: Wo mmerɛbo yɛ nnwuma a ɛho hia pii wɔ nipadua no mu.
• Akisikuru a ayɛ kɛse: Wo akyi berɛmo yɛ akwaa bi a ne kɛse bɛyɛ sɛ nsateaa a wɔakyekyere a ɛwɔ yafunu no atifi. Ebia worenhu sɛ w’akyi berɛmo no sõ sen sɛnea ɛte daa, anaasɛ wobɛte yaw a ɛyɛ kusuu wɔ wo yafunu atifi.
• Wo were a ɛyɛ kɔbere: Sɛ wo nipadua no sie dade pii a, wo honam ani betumi ayɛ kɔbere a ɛyɛ bruu.
• Asikreyare a wontumi nni so.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu sɛ obi anya sideroblastic anemia?

Esiane sɛ sideroblastic anemia betumi aba wɔ awo mu anaasɛ ɛbɛkɔ so akyiri yi nti, wo duruyɛfo no bedi kan asɔ wo ahwɛ de akyerɛ sɛ sideroblastic anemia a woanya no wɔ hɔ anaasɛ wabu. Sɛ wosi gyinae sɛ ɛnyɛ acquired sideroblastic anemia a, wɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii de ahu congenital sideroblastic anemia ko a wowɔ. Sɔhwɛ ahorow a ebia wɔbɛyɛ no bi ni:

• Mogya dodow a edi mũ (CBC): Nea efi `(CBC)` mu ba no kyerɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no kɛse ne ne nsusuwii, mogya mu nkwammoaa foforo dodow a wo nipadua no reyɛ, ne, wɔ `(SA)` asɛm no mu no, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛho akokwaw na ennyinii dodow a wowɔ.
• Peripheral blood smear: Eyi yɛ ɔkwan a nnuruyɛfo fa so hwehwɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa mu. Bere a mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi de afiri na ɛhwehwɛ mu no, wɔ eyi mu no, nnuruyɛfo de afiri a wɔde hwɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa no mu nhwehwɛmu.
• Dade ho adesua: Saa sɔhwɛ yi kyerɛ wo dade dodow.
• Bone marrow aspiration: Eyi yɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so fa wo nnompe mu ntini no fã a ɛyɛ nsu no bi.
• Nnompe mu ntini mu nhwehwɛmu: Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no, nnuruyɛfo fa wo nnompe mu ntini ketewaa bi na wɔhwehwɛ nnompe mu nkwammoaa no mu.
• Awosu mu nhwehwɛmu:Awosu mu nhwehwɛmu betumi aboa ma wɔasi awosu mu tebea pɔtee bi so dua anaasɛ wɔayi afi hɔ. Ebetumi nso aboa wo ma woate sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye sɛ wode tebea no bɛma wo mma no ase.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo sa sideroblastic anemia?

Nnuruyɛfo de ayaresa ahorow di dwuma ma mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu a wɔde awo ne nea wonya. Saa ayaresa ahorow yi gu ahorow gyina wo tebea so, enti wo duruyɛfo no bɛka ayaresa a eye ma wo ho asɛm. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wobetumi ama obi a ɔwɔ X-linked SA (CSA) vitamin B6 ne nnuru a ɛma dade so tew. Sɛ SA fi awuduru a kɔbere wom a, wo duruyɛfo no bɛsa kɔbere awuduru no. Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa eyi ho.

Mɛyɛ dɛn asiw eyi ano?

Mpɛn pii no, awosu mu nsakrae na ɛde sideroblastic anemia ba. Ɛwom sɛ wontumi nsiw mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu a wɔde awo obi yi ano de, nanso wobetumi asa. Sɛ wowɔ X-linked `(CSA)` na wo sɛnkyerɛnne no nyɛ den, anaasɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu (awofo, anuanom, anaa mmofra) wɔ `(CSA)` a, ɛyɛ adwene pa sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo awosu mu nhwehwɛmu ho asɛm.

Nanso, nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ na amma CSA ahorow bi a woanya no ankɔ so akyiri yi. Eyinom ne nneɛma a wubetumi atu:

• Kwati a wobɛkwati kɔbere anaa arsenic awuduru a wode bɛba wɔ akwanhyia mu.
• Sɛ worenom zinc nnuru a wɔde ma nneɛma te sɛ atiridiinini a, bisa wo duruyɛfo no dodow a ɛfata ho asɛm.
• To nsa a wonom no ano hye. Asanom betumi ama obi anya sideroblastic anemia. Bɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛtew nsa dodow a wonom da biara no so. Sɛ wuhia mmoa a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo no ma ɔnkyerɛ nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛfata nkyerɛ wo.

Dɛn na metumi ahwɛ kwan wɔ tebea yi ho?

Wo nkɔmhyɛ gyina sideroblastic anemia ko a wowɔ so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wowɔ X-linked congenital sideroblastic anemia a, wo duruyɛfo betumi de vitamin B6 ne nnuru a ɛtew dade so asa wo tebea no. Sɛ woanya sideroblastic anemia a ɛnam kɔbere awuduru so ba a, ebia wo duruyɛfo no bɛsa kɔbere awuduru no.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho?

Ɛsɛ sɛ nnipa pii a wɔwɔ sideroblastic anemia no hwɛ wɔn dade dodow so daa na wɔasiw dade a ɛboro so bio ano. Sɛ woanya sideroblastic anemia bere bi a atwam a, bisa wo duruyɛfo nea wubetumi ayɛ de asiw SA foforo ano.

Sideroblastic anemia yɛ mogya mu yare a ɛntaa nsi. Nnipa binom nim nea enti a wɔwɔ sideroblastic anemia, nanso ebia afoforo nnim. Sɛ wowɔ sideroblastic anemia a, ebia wobɛpɛ sɛ wubisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm yi:

>

* `(SA)` bɛn na mewɔ?

* Adɛn nti na minyaa `(SA)`?

* Dɛn ne ayaresa a metumi apaw?

* Nneɛma bɔne bɛn na efi ayaresa no mu ba?

* Dɛn na metumi ahwɛ kwan wɔ ayaresa akyi?

* So metumi de `(SA)` akɔma me mma?

Enti, nneɛma bɛn na ɛho hia paa a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae fi saa asɛm yi mu?

Sideroblastic anemia yɛ mogya mu yare a ɛntaa nsi nanso ebetumi ayɛ kɛse. Biribi a ɛmma nipadua no ntumi nyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛte apɔw no na ɛde SA ba. Nnipa a wɔwɔ SA no taa nya dade pii wɔ wɔn mogya mu. Mpɛn pii no, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛsa dade a ɛboro so yi. Nanso, wɔ nkokoaa ne mmofra nkumaa a wɔwo wɔn a wɔwɔ SA mu no, dade a ɛboro so no betumi de akwahosan tebea horow a ɛde wɔn nkwa to asiane mu aba.

Fa no sɛ, sɛ wɔde sideroblastic anemia woo wo ba ketewa no a, anka wɔn nnuruyɛfo befi ase asa yare no ntɛm ara. Akokoaa anaa abofra ketewa a ɔyare paa a wobɛwo no betumi ayɛ hu kɛse na ayɛ den. Wo nnuruyɛfo te eyi ase na wɔbɛyɛ nea wobetumi biara de aboa wo ne wo ba bere a wɔreyɛ ayaresa no ne bere a wɔasa yare no akyi. Enti, sɛ wo anaa w’abusua mu obi wɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara kɔhwehwɛ afotu.

` Dade, mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu, sideroblasts, nnompe mu ntini, hemoglobin, awosu mu nkwaadɔm, mogya mu nyarewa