So wo nipadua te nka sɛ nsu asa? Ebetumi ayɛ Sjögren Nyarewa!

Ɛtɔ da bi a, wote nka sɛ w’ani ayow na w’ano ayow? Ebia ɛyɛ sɛ wobrɛ ara kwa na wowɔ saa nneɛma yi bere nyinaa a, ɛnyɛ ade a ɛfata. Ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ‘Sjögren’s Syndrome’ ho asɛm, a ɛwɔ din a ɛyɛ nwonwa, nanso ɛka nnipa binom. Ebia wunnim saa din yi, nanso ebia wunim ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow.

Dɛn ne ‘Sjögren Yare’?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ‘Sjogren’s Syndrome’ yɛ yare a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa a ɛka ntini a ɛma nsu wɔ yɛn nipadua mu no. Afei ebia woresusuw nea ‘autoimmune’ yi kyerɛ ho. Fa no sɛ, yɛn nipadua no wɔ nhyehyɛe bi a ɛbɔ yɛn ho ban fi nyarewa ho, wɔfrɛ no nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa. Ɛte sɛ asraafo dɔm a wɔbɔ yɛn man ho ban. Nanso wɔ ‘autoimmune’ yare yi mu no, nea ɛba ne sɛ yɛn ankasa ahobammɔfo, kyerɛ sɛ, nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no, di mfomso tow hyɛ yɛn ankasa nkwammoaa pa so, wɔ eyi mu no, ntini ahorow a ɛma nsu tɔ no. Eyi te sɛ ɔwɛmfo a ɔwɔ yɛn fie a osusuw sɛ yɛyɛ owifo na ɔtow hyɛ yɛn so.

Ne saa nti, wo nipadua no mu ntini a ɛma nsu tɔ no gyae adwumayɛ yiye. Eyi ka:

• Nusu nhyehyɛe: Eyi ma aniwa ho yɛ kusuu.
• Nnompe a ɛwɔ anom: Eyi ma ano no yɛ nwunu.
• Hwene: Ebia hwene no bɛyow.
• Menewa: Menewa betumi ayow na ama wafe.
• Ebia aduan a wɔyam no nso bɛka akodu baabi.
• Wɔ mmea awotwaa ho: Ebia awotwaa no bɛyow.

Wɔbɔ saa din yi "Shaw-Granz syndrome." Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne foforo a ɛkyerɛ sɛ w’ani anaa w’ano ayɛ kusuu, titiriw sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo (te sɛ ɛyaw) ka ho a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.

So Sjögren Yare no ahorow bi wɔ hɔ?

Yiw, nnuruyɛfo kyekyɛ eyi mu atitiriw abien:

1. Primary Sjögren’s syndrome: Ɛnyɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea foforo biara na ɛde eyi ba. Ɛne sɛ, ɛba n’ankasa so.

2. Sjögren yare a ɛto so abien: Tebea anaa ɔhaw foforo na ɛde eyi ba. Ɛne sɛ, yare foforo na ɛde ba.

Saa tebea yi abu so dɛn?

Wɔbɔ amanneɛ sɛ nnipa dodow bi a ɛho hia wɔ wiase nyinaa wɔ saa tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no ‘Sjögren’s Syndrome’. Wɔkyerɛ sɛ nnipa bɛyɛ ɔpepem 2 na wɔwɔ ɔman te sɛ Amerika mu wɔ saa tebea yi mu. Ebia nnipa bi wɔ hɔ a wɔwɔ saa tebea yi wɔ yɛn man yi mu nso.

Dɛn ne Sjögren Yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Eyi ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne nea ɛtaa ba ne nipadua no afã horow a ɛyɛ kusuu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so.

• Aniwa a ɛyɛ nwunu anaasɛ ɛyɛ wo yaw: Ebetumi ayɛ te sɛ nea anhwea wɔ w’ani so. Ɛtɔ da a, w’ani nso betumi ayɛ kɔkɔɔ.
• Ano a ɛyɛ nwunu (xerostomia): Ano betumi ayow araa ma ɛbɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛkasa anaa wobɛmene aduan. Ano mu akisikuru betumi aba. Nnompe nso betumi ayɛ den.
• Awotwaa a ɛyɛ kusuu wɔ mmea mu: Eyi betumi ama wɔate yaw bere a wɔreda no.
• Wora a ayow: Ebia honam ani no bɛyow na ayɛ wo yaw.
• Hwene a ɛyɛ nwunu ne mogya a ɛtaa tu fi hwene mu.
• Menewa a ɛyɛ kusuu: Ebia wobɛtaa akɔ ɔfe a ɛyɛ kusuu.

Wɔ saa ɔpɛ a ɛyɛ hyew yi akyi no, Sjögren yare no betumi de sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo aba:

• Nkwaa mu yaw: Te sɛ ntini mu yare.
• Ntini mu yaw anaa mmerɛwyɛ.
• Ntini a ɛma mogya tu a ahonhon.
• Ɔbrɛ: Ɔbrɛ a wote nka bere nyinaa a ɛnkɔ ɛmfa ho sɛnea wobɛda no.
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛmene (dysphagia) anaasɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛkasa.
• Amemene mu sum: Ɛyɛ den sɛ wubesusuw nneɛma ho yiye na woate nka sɛ wuntumi mfa w’adwene nsi biribi so.
• Nneɛma a ɛyɛ dɛ a ɛyera.
• Nse a ɛporɔw anaa ɛse a ɛyera: Bere a nnompe a ɛba anom no so tew no, ahobammɔ a ɛwɔ sẽ no mu no so tew.
• Honam ani akisikuru.
• Ntini mu yare: Nneɛma te sɛ akwaa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ne a ɛyɛ mmerɛw.
• Yafunu mu yare anaa aduan mu haw afoforo.
• Hann a ɛma wote nka: Ɛte sɛ nea aniwa dan bruu bere a worekɔ abɔnten no.

Dɛn na ɛde Sjögren Yare no ba?

Yɛaka dedaw sɛ eyi yɛ ‘autoimmune’ yare . Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ yɛn ankasa nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no tow hyɛ yɛn ankasa ntini ahorow so. Nanso, nnuruyɛfo nnya nhuu nea enti a eyi ba ankasa.

• Wonnim nea ɛde Sjögren yare titiriw no ba ankasa .
• Sjögren yare a ɛto so abien no fi akwahosan tebea afoforo, titiriw nyarewa afoforo a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa ne ɔyare mmoawa bi.

Nyarewa pii a efi mmoawa mu a ebetumi de Sjögren yare a ɛto so abien aba no bi ne:

• Hepatitis C a ɛma obi nya mmerɛbo mu yare
• `Nkwammoaa mu ɔyare mmoawa (CMV)`
• Epstein-Barr mmoawa a wɔde nyarewa ba
• `Onipa T-lymphotropic mmoawa 1 (HTLV)`
• `COVID-19`

Nyarewa bi a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa a ɛbata Sjögren yare no ho ne:

• Ntini mu yare a ɛma ntini mu yare
• Psoriatic ntini mu yare
• `Lupus`

Ɛhia:Ɛnyɛ obiara a ɔwɔ saa tebea horow yi na obenya Sjögren yare no. Na biribiara nni hɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi a ɔwɔ Sjögren yare no nso benya tebea afoforo yi. Nanso, nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ abusuabɔ bi wɔ hɔ.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya Sjögren Yare no?

Ɛwom sɛ obiara betumi anya saa tebea yi de, nanso akuw bi wɔ asiane kɛse mu:

• Mmea: Nnipa a wɔwɔ Sjögren yare no mu bɛboro 90% yɛ mmea. Mmarima nso tumi nya bi, nanso ɛntaa nsi koraa.
• Nnipa a wɔwɔ nyarewa afoforo a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa: Anyɛ yiye koraa no, nnipa a wɔwɔ Sjögren yare no mu bɛyɛ fã wɔ yare foforo biako a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa.
• Nnipa a wɔadi fi mfe 45 kosi 55: Ɛwom sɛ ebetumi anya nkɔso wɔ mmofra, mmerante ne mmabaa, ne nnipa a wɔadi boro mfe 55 mu de, nanso mpɛn pii no, mfe a wɔadi yi mu na enya nkɔso kɛse.
• Nnipa a wɔwɔ abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛfa Sjögren yareɛ ho: Nnipa a wɔwɔ Sjögren yareɛ no mu bɛyɛ 10% wɔ abusuafoɔ a ɔbɛn wɔn (ɔwofoɔ anaa onua) a ɔwɔ yareɛ no.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu no yiye sɛ wowɔ Sjögren Syndrome? (Nyare a Wɔahu) .

Oduruyɛfo bi bɛyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu na wayɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi de ahu sɛ wowɔ Sjögren yare no anaa. Oduruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ wo na wabisa wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Ka kyerɛ oduruyɛfo no bere a edi kan a wuhuu nsakrae yi, ne sɛ ebia wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den wɔ da no mu mmere pɔtee bi mu anaasɛ wɔ dwumadi ahorow bi mu.

Mpɛn pii no, Sjögren yare no a wobehu no yɛ adeyɛ bi a wɔfrɛ no differential diagnosis no fã . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ansa na wo duruyɛfo betumi asi so dua sɛ wowɔ Sjögren yare no, wɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii de ayi tebea afoforo a ebetumi ama woanya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no afi hɔ. Sɔhwɛ ahorow a ebia wowɔ no bi ne:

• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Ne titiriw no, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛhwɛ sɛ ebia nnuru ahorow bi a ɛko tia nyarewa wɔ hɔ anaa.
• Aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu: Sɔhwɛ titiriw bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde hwɛ sɛnea aniwa no mu nsu te.
• Nsõ mu nhwehwɛmu: Wotumi hu sɛnea nnompe a ɛwɔ anom no yɛ adwuma.
• Nsu mu nhwehwɛmu.
• Biopsies: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔfa ntini ketewaa bi te sɛ nea efi anofafa no mu na wɔhwehwɛ mu hwɛ sɛ nsakrae aba nnompe mu.
• X-ray: Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ fa wo koko X-ray nhwɛ sɛ ebia nkɛntɛnso bi wɔ w’ahurututu so anaa.

Ebia ɛho behia nso sɛ wokɔ animdefo pii nkyɛn:

• Ntini mu yare ho ɔbenfo: Oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw wɔ nkwaa mu nyarewa ne nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa ho.
• Aniwa hwɛ ho abenfo.
• Ɛse dɔkota.
• Otolaryngologist (ENT specialist) yɛ oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw wɔ aso, hwene, ne menewa mu.

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ebetumi afi Sjögren Yare no mu aba?

Sjögren yare no betumi de nsɛnnennen bi aba. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo , nnipa dodow no ara nnya nsɛnnennen a anibere wom.

• Asiane a ɛkɔ soro sɛ obi benya ano ne aniwa mu yare: Esiane sɛ nsu a ɛyɛ nwini sua nti, ɛnyɛ den sɛ mmoawa betumi de ɔyare mmoawa aba.
• mmerɛbo anaa asaabo dwumadi a ɛnteɛ.
• Lymphomas: Kokoram bi a ɛba wɔ ntini a ɛma mogya tu mu. Asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ eyi bɛba no sua koraa, nanso ɛnyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wobu ani gu so.
• Ahurututu mu haw ahorow: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wobetumi adi mfomso aka sɛ ɛyɛ ahurututu mu yare.
• Ntini mu haw ahorow: Nneɛma te sɛ mmerɛwyɛ, akisikuru.

Nnipa dodow no ara a wɔwɔ Sjögren yare no tra ase a nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den biara nni ho. Sɛ wowɔ Sjögren yare a ɛto so abien a, tebea a ɛde ba no betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya nsɛnnennen no ayɛ kɛse. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka eyi ho asɛm.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa Sjögren Yare no?

Wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo ayaresa ahorow a ɛbɛboa ma woadi wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so. Mprempren wonni aduru biara a wɔde bɛsa Sjögren yare no. Nanso, wo duruyɛfo betumi aboa wo ma woanya ayaresa nhyehyɛe a ɛbɛma nkɛntɛnso a enya wɔ wo da biara da asetra ne w’asetra mu no so atew.

Ayaresa a wuhia no begyina wo nipadua no afã horow a Sjögren yare no aka no so.

Ayaresa a wɔtaa de sa aniwa, ano, anaa ɔbea awotwaa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no bi ne:

• Nusu a wɔde nsa ayɛ: Ebia w’ani ho ɔbenfo bɛkamfo aniwa aduru a wɔtɔn (OTC), nnuru a wɔkyerɛw ma aniwa, anaa srade a wɔde sra aniwa no akyerɛ.
• Oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ ma aniwa a ayow (punctal plugs): Oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ aniwa oprehyɛn (aniwa ho oduruyɛfo) betumi asiw wo nusu ntini no bi anaa ne nyinaa. Eyi boa ma wo nusu a efi awosu mu no kɔ so tra w’ani so kyɛ.
• Wɔn a wɔyɛ nnompe: Ebia wo sẽ ho oduruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa nnuru a wɔde ka nnompe ho anaa nnuru a ɛboa ma wo nipadua no ma ɛyɛ nnompe pii a wɔtɔn wɔ aduruyɛdan mu. Nsu a wobɛwe, nsu a wobɛnom, ne nsukyenee a wobɛnom da mũ no nyinaa betumi aboa ma w’ano ayɛ nwini.
• Nnuru titiriw a wɔde hohoro ano anaa nnuru a wɔde hwɛ sẽ: Nnipa a wɔwɔ Sjögren yare no wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya nsensan ho haw. Enti, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔhohoro sẽ ho daa, fluoride ayaresa titiriw, anaa nnuru a wɔkyerɛw ma obi sẽ ne ano hohoro.
• Nnuru a ɛma ɔbea no awotwaa mu nsu anaasɛ srade:Ebia oduruyɛfo no bɛkamfo nnuru a wɔde srade a wɔtɔn a wɔmfa nnuru nhyɛ mu anaasɛ wɔkyerɛw ma wɔn a wobetumi de adi dwuma da biara anaa bere a wɔrenya nna mu kyɛfa no akyerɛ.
• Hormone therapy: Ebia nnipa binom behia hormone therapy, te sɛ estrogen, de asa ɔbea awotwaa a ɛyɛ kusuu a hormone a ɛnkari pɛ de ba no.

Ɛyaw ne sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo a wɔde sa yare:

• Ɛyaw ano aduru a wɔtɔn: Nnuru te sɛ `NSAIDs (nnuru a ɛnyɛ steroid a ɛko tia ɔyare mmoawa)` (e.g. ibuprofen) anaa `acetaminophen` (e.g. Panadol) betumi aboa ma ɛyaw ne ɔfe so atew. Mfa nnuru yi ntra nnafua 10 bere koro mu a wunni aduruyɛfo afotu.
• Corticosteroids: Eyinom yɛ nnuru a ɛtew ɔfe so na wɔde ma sɛ nnuru anaa nnuru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua mu a oduruyɛfo akyerɛw ama no.
• Nnuru a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa: Saa nnuru yi ma wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no dwo na ɛtew ne dwumadi so. Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ sɛ fa nnuru te sɛ DMARDs (nnuru a wɔde ko tia akisikuru a ɛsakra yare).

Osuahu bɛn na obi a ɔwɔ Sjögren Yare no betumi ahwɛ kwan?

Ɛho behia sɛ wudi wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho dwuma bere tenten, ebia wo nkwa nna nyinaa. Nanso, sɛ wunya ayaresa a ɛfata ma wo pɛ a, ɛsɛ sɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den so tew. Nnipa a wɔwɔ Sjögren yare no taa sua sɛnea wobedi wɔn sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho dwuma, enti bere kɔ so no, sɛnea wɔn sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no mu yɛ den no so bɛtew.

So wobetumi asiw Sjögren Yare no ano?

Esiane sɛ wonnim nea ɛde ba ankasa nti, ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a wɔbɛfa so asiw Sjögren yare no ano. Ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye nso sɛ wobɛka onii a obenya bi anaa bere a obenya bi.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wunya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne foforo, anaa sɛ wo yare no mu yɛ den a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Hwɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow na hyɛ nsakrae biara a ɛbɛba no nsow.

Wo duruyɛfoɔ bɛkyerɛ wo mpɛn dodoɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ woba mu kɔhwɛ wo akyi, nhwehwɛmu, anaa nhwehwɛmu foforɔ. Sɛ wote nka sɛ ayaresa bi ntumi nyɛ adwuma anaasɛ ɛnyɛ adwuma yiye sɛnea na ɛte kan no a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, Sjögren yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi ayɛ nea ɛnyɛ anifere. Wo nko ara na wunim bere a biribi nnyɛ yie.

Ntɛmntɛm: Sɛ wote nka sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome anaa wobɛmene a, kɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara anaa frɛ 1990 (emergency ambulance service).

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wubisa wo duruyɛfo?

Mma wo werɛ mmfi sɛ wubebisa nsɛm yi bere a worekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn no:

• Sjögren yare bɛn na mewɔ? (Mfitiase anaa nea ɛto so abien?)
• Sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ?
• So ɛho behia sɛ mekɔhwɛ nnuruyɛfo afoforo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ?
• Ayaresa bɛn na mihia?
• Nsakrae anaa sɛnkyerɛnne bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ yiye?

Sjögren yare no a wobedi ho dwuma no betumi ayɛ abasamtu ɛtɔ mmere bi a. Ebetumi ayɛ abasamtu sɛ w’ani bɛyow, w’ano ayow, anaa mpo wo awotwaa mu ayow a ɛma nna yɛ yaw. Nanso asɛmpa no ne sɛ nnipa dodow no ara a wɔwɔ Sjögren yare no betumi adi wɔn sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho dwuma yiye bere a wɔanya ayaresa ahorow a wɔaka abom a ɛyɛ adwuma ma wɔn no.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Sjögren yare no yɛ tebea a ebetumi ayɛ nea ɛnyɛ dɛ kakra, nanso wobetumi adi so denam di a ɛfata so .

• Ɛnyɛ wo nko ara: nnipa afoforo wɔ hɔ a wɔte saa tebea horow yi mu.
• Ayaresa a ɛfata ho hia: Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa na ɔnhwehwɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe a ɛfata ma wo. Ebia ebehia sɛ wosɔ ayaresa ahorow hwɛ.
• Sɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne sesa a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo: Sɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne sesa, ɛyɛ kɛse, anaa ɛte sɛ nea ɛreka wo da biara da dwumadi dodo a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.
• Hwɛ a wobɛhwɛ wo daa: Bisa wo duruyɛfo mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ w’ani mu nhwehwɛmu ne wo sẽ mu nhwehwɛmu. Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa te sɛ eyinom betumi aboa ma wɔasiw nsɛnnennen ano.

Mewɔ anidaso sɛ saa nsɛm yi bɛboa wo. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wubebisa oduruyɛfo.

` Sjögren Syndrome, aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ano a ɛyɛ kusuu, autoimmune, nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa, nkwaa mu yaw