So wo nipadua no yɛ den a ntease biara nnim? Momma yɛnka Stiff Person Syndrome ho asɛm!

So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wote nka sɛ wo ntini mu yɛ den a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu, anaasɛ wo ntini twitwiw yaw? Ɛtɔ da a, ebetumi aba bere a wote dede a ano yɛ den anaa obi bɛbɔ wo. Sɛ saa nneɛma yi taa si a, ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhwɛ mu. Ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka tebea bi a ɛntaa nsi koraa a ebetumi de sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛte saa ara aba ho asɛm. Wɔfrɛ ɛno sɛ Onipa a Ɛyɛ Den (SPS) .

Dɛn ne Onipa a Ɔyɛ Den?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) yɛ ntini mu yare a ɛntaa nsi . Ɛba bere a yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛbɔ yɛn ho ban fi nyarewa ho no di mfomso tow hyɛ yɛn ankasa ntini mu nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw so no. Ɛyɛ tebea a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa. Eyi ma ntini a ɛwɔ wo mu, titiriw wo yafunu, wo moma so, ne w’akyi , yɛ den anaasɛ ɛyɛ den . Bere kɔ so no, saa akisikuru ne akisikuru yi betumi atrɛw akɔ wo nan ne wo ntini afoforo mu. Eyi betumi ama nantew ayɛ den, ama woahwe ase mpɛn pii, na ama woapirapira kɛse.

Kan no na wɔfrɛ eyi "stiff man syndrome," nanso mprempren wɔasesa saa din no efisɛ saa yare yi betumi aka obiara, a mfe a wadi anaa ɔbarima anaa ɔbea mfa ho.

Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ saa tebea yi a, ebetumi ayɛ den kakra. Nanso w’aduruyɛfo kuw no bɛyɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe a ɛbɛyɛ adwuma ama wo ne wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow. Eyi betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛkɔ akɔhwɛ wo nnuruyɛfo daa, anya mmoa a wuhia, na woabɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛkɔ so anya apɔwmuden.

Dɛn ne Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Saa yare yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ:

• Ntini a ɛyɛ den anaasɛ ɛyɛ den.
• Ntini a ɛyɛ yaw a ɛyɛ yaw.

Ɛwom sɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi betumi afi ase wɔ mfe biara mu de, nanso ɛtaa ba bere a wɔadi mfe 30 kosi 40 .

Stiff Person Syndrome ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi atrɛw akɔ nipadua no afã afoforo na bere kɔ so no, ayɛ kɛse. Wɔ nnipa binom fam no, ebetumi adi asram kosi mfe pii ansa na yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ada adi. Wɔ afoforo fam no, ebia sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no bɛkɔ so ayɛ nea ɛte saa ara mfe pii. Wɔ nnipa binom fam no, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi asɛe nkakrankakra na ama ayɛ nea wontumi nyɛ da biara da dwumadi ahorow.

Ntini a ɛyɛ den

Mpɛn pii no, sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan a wuhu wɔ Stiff Person Syndrome ho ne ntini a ɛyɛ den wɔ dua no mu . Eyi kyerɛ wɔ mmeae te sɛ yafunu, koko, ne akyi. Saa akisikuru yi betumi ama obi ate yaw na ne ho ayɛ no yaw. Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi betumi aba na akɔ a ntease biara nnim. Tebea no betumi aka nsa ne anan nso. Bere a ɛyɛ den kɛse no, nnipa binom betumi anya gyinabea a ɛnteɛ a ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛnantew anaasɛ wɔbɛkeka wɔn ho.

Ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw

Ntini a ɛyɛ yaw a ɛyɛ yaw yɛ tebea yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw foforo. Eyinom betumi aka nipadua no nyinaa, anaasɛ wobetumi de akɔ baabi pɔtee bi. Saa akisikuru yi betumi atra hɔ sikani, simma, anaa nnɔnhwerew pii mpo. Fa no sɛ, sɛ wugyina hɔ ara a, mpofirim ara wo nan anaa w’akyi te nka sɛ ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ wo yaw. Ɛyɛ osuahu a ɛyɛ yaw paa.

Dɛn na ɛde Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) ba?

Nneɛma pii nti na sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ ntini a ɛtwetwe no betumi ada adi mpofirim:

• Dede a ɛba mpofirim anaasɛ ɛyɛ den. Fa no sɛ worenam abɔnten so na kar bi bɔɔ ne mmɛn mpofirim, anaasɛ biribi a ɛwɔ fie bɛhwe fam a ɛbɔɔ denneennen.
• Nipadua mu nsa a wɔde ka obi anaasɛ ɔkanyan. Sɛ obi de ne nsa ka wo mpofirim a, ɔbɔ wo.
• Nsakrae a ɛba ɔhyew mu, titiriw mmeae a awɔw wom. Sɛ wokɔ baabi a awɔw wom mpofirim, anaasɛ nsuonwini tɔ wo nipadua so a.
• Nsɛm a esisi a ɛhaw adwene. Mmere a ɛhaw adwene na ɛyɛ hu.

Esiane sɛ saa ntini mu akisikuru yi betumi aba wɔ mmere a wontumi nhu mu nti, nnipa binom a wɔwɔ Stiff Person Syndrome nya dadwen ne agoraphobia . Agoraphobia yɛ suro a ɛtra so sɛ obi bɛkɔ mmeae a nnipa ahyɛ hɔ ma, akɔ abɔnten, anaasɛ obefi fie. Efisɛ sɛ wufi abɔnten pɛ a, ɛyɛ den sɛ wubeguan nneɛma a ɛkanyan obi yi.

Dɛn na ɛde Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) ba?

Nhwehwɛmufo da so ara nnim nea ɛde yare yi ba, nanso wogye di sɛ ɛyɛ tebea a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ yɛn nipadua no ankasa nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no tow hyɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden so.

Nhwehwɛmu ada no adi sɛ nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa ka ho. Nnipa pii a wɔwɔ Stiff Person Syndrome wɔ nnuru a ɛko tia enzyme bi a wɔfrɛ no Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) . Saa enzyme (GAD) yi boa ma wɔyɛ ntini mu nkwaadɔm a ɛma ntini mu nkwaadɔm no gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) . Saa neurotransmitter (GABA) yi boa ma wɔhwɛ ntini ahorow no dwumadi so.

Nanso nhwehwɛmufo da so ara nte sɛnea enzyme `(GAD)` ka Stiff Person Syndrome nkɔso ne ne nkɔso ase yiye. Adeɛ baako a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae ne sɛ, sɛ wowɔ `(GAD)` antibodies wɔ wo nipadua mu a, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ Stiff Person Syndrome. Nnipa dodow no ara mu ɔha biara mu kakraa bi betumi anya saa `(GAD)` nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa yi wɔ wɔn nipadua mu a enni nkɛntɛnso bɔne biara.

GAD akyi no, wɔahu sɛ nnuru afoforo a ɛko tia nyarewa te sɛ glycine receptor, amphiphysin, ne DPPX (dipeptidyl peptidase-like protein 6) ne yare no wɔ abusuabɔ. Afei nso, ebia ayarefo binom nni nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa yi mu biara. Wɔrekɔ so ayɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo de ahu nnuru afoforo a ɛko tia nyarewa a ebia ɛka ho.

Dɛn ne asiane ahorow a ɛwɔ Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) mu?

Stiff person syndrome abu so wɔ mmea mu mmɔho abien . Ebetumi nso aba wɔ tebea afoforo a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa no ho. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Asikreyare a ɛto so 1
• Thyroid yare a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa
• Vitiligo a ɛma obi nya ɔyare mmoawa
• Mogya a ɛtɔ mogya a ɛsɛe ade
• Celiac yare a ɛma obi nya yare

Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) abu so dɛn?

Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi koraa . Wɔkyerɛ sɛ nnipa ɔpepem biako biara mu biako pɛ na ɔwɔ saa yare yi. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ yare a ɛntaa nsi koraa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu sɛ obi anya Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS)?

Oduruyɛfo nam sɛnkyerɛnne pɔtee bi, nhwehwɛmu, ne nhwehwɛmu so hu yare yi. Wobebisa wo wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne, ayɛ wo nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu, na wɔayɛ ntini mu nhwehwɛmu.

Sɛ oduruyɛfo no susuw sɛ ɔwɔ Stiff Person Syndrome a, wobetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow te sɛ:

• Nkwammoaa a wɔko tia mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Eyi boa ma wɔhwɛ sɛ ebia nnuru a ɛko tia (GAD) (anaasɛ nnuru afoforo a ɛko tia nyarewa) wɔ hɔ na wɔpow aduruyɛ mu tebea afoforo.
• Electromyography (EMG): Eyi na ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wo ntini ahorow no yɛ anyinam ahoɔden. Eyi betumi aboa ma wɔayi nneɛma afoforo a ɛde wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ba no afi hɔ.
• Lumbar puncture (spinal tap): Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no, oduruyɛfo de ade di dwuma de fa nsu bi fi w’akyi berɛmo mu na ɔsɔ hwɛ sɛ ebia ɛwɔ nipadua no mu nkwammoaa a ɛko tia GAD anaa. Eyi nso ho hia na wɔayi tebea afoforo afi hɔ.

Ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wobehu Stiff Person Syndrome efisɛ ɛntaa nsi na ne sɛnkyerɛnne betumi ayɛ te sɛ nyarewa afoforo a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa, te sɛ ankylosing spondylitis ne multiple sclerosis.

So Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) ahorow bi wɔ hɔ?

Saa yare yi nketewa ahorow pii wɔ hɔ:

• Classic stiff person syndrome: Eyi ne nea ɛtaa ba. Mpɛn pii no, ɛne GAD antibodies wɔ abusuabɔ, nanso nhwehwɛmu ada no adi sɛ antibodies afoforo nso ka ho.
• Stiff person syndrome ahorow a ɛsono emu biara:Wɔ eyi ase no, nsakrae ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ɛka nipadua no afã pɔtee bi nkutoo, anaasɛ ɛkyerɛ sɛnkyerɛnne pii te sɛ nea wontumi nni so bere a wɔnantew (`ataxia`).
• Amemene mu yare a ɛkɔ so yɛ den a ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ myoclonus (PERM): PERM yɛ obi a ɔyɛ katee yare a emu yɛ den kɛse. Ebetumi ama n’adwene atu afra, aniwa a ɛkeka ne ho ho haw, ataxia, ne autonomic dysfunction. Autonomic dysfunction hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde nnipa a wɔwɔ PERM no kɔ ayaresabea.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS)?

Akwan titiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔfa so sa eyi:

• Nnuru ne ayaresa a wɔde siw sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ano.
• Immunotherapy, anaasɛ ayaresa a ɛsakra yare.

Ayaresa a wubetumi apaw no gu ahorow a egyina wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so. Botae titiriw a ɛwɔ ayaresa mu ne sɛ wobedi ɔkwan a wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no fa so ka wo so na ama wo nantew ne ahotɔ atu mpɔn.

Ebia nnuruyɛfo atitiriw pii bɛka w’aduruyɛfo kuw no ho, te sɛ:

• Ntini mu yare ho animdefo, titiriw ntini mu nkwaadɔm a ɛko tia nyarewa ho animdefo.
• Adwuma mu ayaresa ho animdefo ne nipadua mu ayaresa ho animdefo.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ne ahosiesie ho abenfo.
• Ɔkasa ho ayaresa ho animdefo.
• Adwene mu akwahosan ho abenfo, sɛ nhwɛso no, adwene ho animdefo.

Nnuru ne ayaresa ahorow

Nnuru te sɛ eyinom betumi aboa ma ntini a ɛyɛ den, ɛyɛ den, ne ntini a ɛyɛ yaw a ɛyɛ yaw no so atew:

• Benzodiazepines: Eyinom yɛ nnuru ahorow bi a wɔde sa tebea horow, a dadwen, akisikuru, ne nna a wontumi nna ka ho. Wɔka neurotransmitter (GABA) nsɛnkyerɛnne no. Nnuruyɛfo taa kyerɛw diazepam sɛ aduru a edi kan a wɔde sa Stiff Person Syndrome.
• Nnuru a ɛma ntini mu dwo: Nnuru te sɛ Baclofen betumi aboa ma ntini mu ayɛ mmerɛw. Wɔma ntini ahorow no dwo na ɛtew sɛnea ɛyɛ den no so.
• Nnuru a wɔde sa ɛyaw a ɛma ntini mu yare: Nnuru te sɛ gabapentin ne pregabalin nso nya GABA sɛnkyerɛnne so nkɛntɛnso na ɛboa wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho.

Ayaresa afoforo a ebetumi aboa ma wɔadi yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so no bi ne:

• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ anaa adwuma mu ayaresa.
• Massage a wɔde twitwiw nipadua no.
• Nsuo mu ayaresa (nsuo mu ayaresa).
• Ɔhyew a wɔde sa yare.
• Acupuncture a wɔde ma.

Nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa

Adanse bi wɔ hɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ immunoglobulin (IVIg) a wɔde fa ntini mu (IVIg) a wɔde sa yare (a ɛno nso yɛ immunotherapy bi) betumi aboa ma wɔatew Stiff Person Syndrome ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so. IVIg kura immunoglobulins (abɔde mu nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa) a nnipa mpempem pii a wɔwɔ nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa de ma.

So wobetumi asa Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) no?

Mprempren, wonni aduru biara a wɔde sa Stiff Person Syndrome. Ayaresa betumi aboa ma wɔadi sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so nkutoo.

Dɛn ne Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) ho anidaso?

Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛkɔ so wɔ nkwa nna nyinaa mu (a enni sabea) . Ɛsono sɛnea obi kura adwene a egyina nneɛma pii so:

• Sɛnea yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no mu yɛ den.
• Ahoɔhare a yare no trɛwee.
• Ayaresa no di yiye dɛn?

Ɛho hia sɛ wofi ase sa yare bere a yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne afi ase ara pɛ. Eyi betumi aboa ma wɔasiw yare no ano anaasɛ ɛbɛtew ntrɛwmu so na aboa ma wɔasiw ɔhaw ahorow a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ ano. Bere a nnipa pii nya ahotɔ denam nnuru so no, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wobedi nneɛma a ɛkanyan ntini mu yare no so.

Ebia bere kɔ so no, nantew bɛyɛ den kɛse. Tumi a obi tumi yɛ da biara da dwumadi ahorow nso betumi atew nkakrankakra. Bere a yare no kɔ so no, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi bɛhwe ase no yɛ kɛse. Ebia ebehia sɛ wode poma, nantew, anaa mmubuafo akongua mpo di dwuma.

So wobetumi asiw Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) ano?

Esiane sɛ eyi yɛ yare a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa nti, biribiara nni hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ de asiw ano .

Sɛ mewɔ Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) a, mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho?

Sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a, bɔ mmɔden sɛ wubenya oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw wɔ nhwehwɛmu ne ayaresa mu wɔ Stiff Person Syndrome mu. Saa tebea yi ho yɛ na, enti ebetumi ayɛ den kakra. Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wunya ayaresa a eye sen biara na wunya asetra pa a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokasa na w’ani gye ho.

Ɛtaa ba sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ saa yare yi nya adwenemyare te sɛ dadwen anaa adwenemhaw . Sɛ worehyia saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo anaa adwenemyare ho ɔbenfo te sɛ adwene ne nneyɛe ho ɔbenfo kasa.

Sɛ wo ne w’abusua tumi a, mubetumi nso akɔka mmoa kuw bi a mubetumi ahyia afoforo a wɔte wo suahu ase.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wowɔ Stiff Person Syndrome a, ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne w’aduruyɛfo kuw no hyia daa hwɛ sɛ w’ayaresa no di yiye anaa na wohwɛ sɛnea wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no nyin anaa.

Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne foforo anaasɛ wunya nsunsuanso bɔne a efi nnuru mu ba a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Sɛ wowɔ Stiff Person Syndrome a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm yi:

• Ayaresa bɛn na wokamfo kyerɛ wɔ me yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho?
• Dɛn na metumi ayɛ wɔ fie de aboa wɔ me yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho?
• Nsɛnnennen ho sɛnkyerɛnne bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ yiye?
• Dɛn na metumi ahwɛ kwan sɛ m’akwahosan bɛyɛ daakye?
• So nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a wɔayɛ wɔ Stiff Person Syndrome ho?

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Sɛ wubehu sɛ wowɔ tebea bi a ɛntaa nsi te sɛ Stiff Person Syndrome a, ɛnyɛ mmerɛw. Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ woayɛ basaa, wo ho yeraw wo, na wunnim daakye ho adwene. Nanso ɛnsɛ sɛ wo nkutoo wuhyia eyi. Wo nnuruyɛfo kuw no wɔ ha sɛ wobebua nsɛmmisa biara a ebia wowɔ na wɔaboa wo ma woadi wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ho dwuma.

Bere a w’ayaresa no twe adwene si wo nipadua akwahosan so no, ma w’adwene si w’adwene mu akwahosan nso so . Ɛsono sɛnea yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne te wɔ onipa biara mu. Nanso ɛyaw, ahotɔ, ne ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wontumi nhu a wobɛtra ase no betumi asɛe w’adwene mu yiyedi. Saa tebea yi betumi ama ayɛ den sɛ wobepue akɔyɛ da biara da dwumadi ahorow. Enti, sɛ wuhia mmoa a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn de aka w’adɔfo ho. Kae sɛ ɛnyɛ wo nko ara.

` Stiff Person Syndrome, ntini a ɛyɛ den, ntini mu nyarewa, autoimmune, GAD antibodies, GABA, ntini a ɛtwetwe, SPS sɛnkyerɛnne