Sɛnea wunim no, abɔde nketenkete ɔpepem pii wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a yɛte mu, kyerɛ sɛ, mframa, asase, ne afifide mu. Eyinom bi yɛ fungi. Aspergillus fumigatus a yɛrebɛka ho asɛm nnɛ no yɛ nwansena a ɛte saa no mu biako a abu so kɛse wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu. Wɔ obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden a ne nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa pa fam no, mpɛn pii no, sɛ ntontom yi hyɛn nipadua no mu mpo a, ɛnpira hwee. Yɛn nipadua no ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe na ɛhwɛ so. Nanso, sɛ obi nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ mmerɛw esiane yare anaa aduru bi nti a, saa ntontom yi betumi de ɔyare mmoawa a ɛyɛ hu aba.
Dɛn nti na saa ntontom yi yɛ asiane ma nnipa binom nkutoo?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, saa ntontom yi yɛ obi a ɔpɛ hokwan. Ɛne sɛ, entumi nyɛ hwee bere tenten a yɛn nipadua no ahobammɔ, anaa nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu yɛ den no. Nanso, sɛ saa ahobammɔ ahorow yi brɛ ase pɛ a, ɛma ne ti so na efi ase de ɔhaw ahorow ba.
Tebea horow bɛn na tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no betumi ayɛ mmerɛw?
- Nipadua a ɛyɛ mmerɛw esiane nneɛma te sɛ yare a emu yɛ den, aduan pa a wonnya nni, anaa onyin nti.
- Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛba esiane nyarewa bi (sɛ nhwɛso no, AIDS) anaa nnuru (sɛ nhwɛso no, kokoram ayaresa, nnuru a wɔde ma bere a wɔde akwaa foforo ahyɛ nipadua foforo mu akyi).
- Mfiri a wɔde yɛ nipadua no a wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu.
- Tebea horow te sɛ neutropenia a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ.
Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ tebea a ɛyɛ mmerɛw saa mu nya saa ntontom yi bi a, ebetumi de ne nkwa mpo ato asiane mu.
Sɛnea saa fungal yare (Aspergillosis) yi ba ne ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow
Saa nwansena yi nkwaboaa ne mframa a yɛhome no hyɛn nipadua no mu. Wodi kan du hwene, menewa, ahurututu, ne ahurututu mu. Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛwɔ onipa a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden mu no mma wɔnnnyin. Nanso wɔ obi a ne nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no nipadua mu no, saa nkwaboaa yi fifi, nyin bɛyɛ fungal hyphae, na efi ase kɔhyɛn ntini ahorow mu, ma mogya tu (thrombosis), na ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew.
Tebea horow pii wɔ hɔ a ɔyare mmoawa yi de ba. Nsɛnkyerɛnne no gyina akwaa a ɛwɔ ɔyare no ne wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no so.
| Aduruyɛ mu tebea | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|
| Ahurututu mu Aspergillosis a Enni Sabea (CPA) . | Wɔ eyi mu no, ntontom no nyin nkakrankakra wɔ ahurututu no mu. Ebia yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne renda adi asram pii, ɛtɔ mmere bi mpo a mfe pii. Nsɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne ɔfe. Bio nso, obi mu duru so tew, ɔbrɛ, na ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome. Nea ɛho hia sen biara no, sɛ saa ntontom yi sɛe mogya ntini bi a ɛwɔ ahurututu no mu a, mogya a ɛbɛfefe (hemoptysis) betumi aba. Eyi yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛyɛ hu paa. Sɛ eyi ba a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea anaa baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ (ETU) ntɛm ara. |
| Aspergillosis a ɛba nipadua mu | Eyi ne tebea a asiane wom sen biara na ebetumi de nkwa ato asiane mu. Ɛba nnipa a wɔn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ mmerɛw yiye so. Nwansena no tumi nyin ntɛmntɛm paa na ɛtrɛw kɔ ahurututu, ntini, aso, honam ani, aniwa, ne amemene mpo mu. |
| Aspergilloma a ɛma obi nya ɔyare mmoawa | Eyi te sɛ "fungal ball" a ɛba wɔ ahurututu mu abura bi mu. Mpɛn pii no, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni hɔ. Nanso, sɛ saa fungal bɔɔl yi nyin kɛse na ɛsɛe mogya ntini bi a, ebia wobɛfefe mogya. |
| Fungal Sinusitis a Ɛyɛ Fɛ | Ɛba bere a fungal spores hyɛn na enyin wɔ sinus cavities no mu no. Nsɛnkyerɛnne no bi ne hwene a ɛyɛ den, ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome, anim yaw, tiyɛ, ne nsu a ɛyɛ den, ahabammono, anaa tuntum. |
Nea ɛho hia: Mpɛn pii no, saa ntontom yi mfa ɔhaw mma obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden. Ɛho nhia sɛ wobɔ hu. Saa nsɛm yi yɛ nsɛm a wɔde bɛma nkutoo. Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne biara ho a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn.
Allergy a ɛwɔ fungus ho
Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa ntontom yi betumi ama obi anya akisikuru mmom sen sɛ ɛbɛma obi anya ɔyare mmoawa a ɛba nipadua no mu. Mpɛn pii no, eyinom nyɛ nea ɛde nkwa to asiane mu, nanso ebetumi de yare aba.
Eyinom mu nea abu so sen biara ne Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) . Eyi taa ba nnipa a wɔadi kan anya ahurututu mu yare no so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nnipa a wɔwɔ tebea horow te sɛ ayamtu, cystic fibrosis, anaa ahurututu mu yare no wɔ asiane kɛse mu.
Eyi ne bere a nipadua no yɛ n’ade boro so wɔ fungal spores a ɛnam ahome so hyɛn mu no ho. Eyi de sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛte sɛ ayamtu te sɛ ahurututu, ɔfe, ne ahome a ɛyɛ den ba.
Wo duruyɛfo bɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu bi na ama woahu sɛ wowɔ ABPA anaa.
- Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ de hwɛ sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa bi a wɔfrɛ no eosinophils dodow akɔ soro wɔ mogya no mu anaa.
- Honam ani nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ de hwehwɛ Aspergillus antigen.
- Aspergillus antibodies ne IgE dodow a wɔsɔ hwɛ wɔ mogya mu.
- Koko so X-ray a wɔyɛ.
Dɛn ne ayaresa a wobetumi apaw?
Fungal yare yi a wɔbɛsa no yɛ den kakra. Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ egye oduruyɛfo afotu. Mmɔ mmɔden da sɛ w’ankasa wobɛsa.
- Nnuru a ekum fungal: Ɛdenam ɔyare no ko ne sɛnea emu yɛ den so no, wo duruyɛfo betumi akyerɛw nnuru te sɛ amphotericin B ne voriconazole ama wo. Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔfa saa ayaresa ahorow yi adapɛn pii anaa nea ɛboro saa.
- Oprehyɛn: Wɔmfa nnuru nkutoo nyɛ fungal ball akɛse (aspergillomas) a ɛba ahurututu mu no yare. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn yi fi hɔ. Afei nso, wɔ fungal sinusitis ho no, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn tew sinus no mu na wɔma nsu no kɔ.
- Allergy ayaresa: Sɛ wowɔ allergy tebea te sɛ ABPA a, ayaresa titiriw ne sɛ wobɛma steroids (e.g. prednisolone). Eyinom di sɛnea nipadua no yɛ n’ade boro so no so. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔma nnuru a ekum fungal nso de tew steroid dodow so na wɔtew nsunsuanso bɔne a efi mu ba no so.
Nnuru a wɔko tia
Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, ɛtɔ mmere bi a saa ntontom yi tumi gyina nnuru a yɛde ko tia fungal a yɛde di dwuma no ano, titiriw azoles no. Eyi ma ayaresa yɛ den kɛse mpo. Enti, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛnom aduru no sɛnea wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ, na wonom bere a ɛfata.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Aspergillus fumigatus yɛ ntontom a abu so yiye wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu. Mpɛn pii no, ɛnsɛe nnipa a wɔwɔ apɔwmuden.
- Saa ntontom yi betumi de nyarewa a ɛyɛ hu aba nnipa a wɔn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ mmerɛw (e.g., kokoram ayarefo, wɔn a wɔde akwaa foforo ma wɔn, AIDS ayarefo).
- Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ɔfe a ɛkɔ so, ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa, wo mu duru a ɛso tew, ɔbrɛ, ne titiriw no mogya a wobɛfe a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.
- Ɔkwan a wɔfa so sa yare no gyina yare no ko ne w’akwahosan tebea so. Eyi nti, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu.
- Ebia nnipa a wɔwɔ ahurututu mu nyarewa te sɛ ayamtu no ho nyɛ wɔn den wɔ saa ntontom yi ho, enti sɛ wo sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.
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