Not just saline - let's learn about the types of IV fluids given to the body (Lactated Ringers vs Normal Saline)

Have you ever stayed in a hospital? Or visited someone? You must have seen a bottle of saline attached to your arm at such a time, right? Many of us think that every bottle of saline that is administered to the body in this way contains the same thing. But in reality, that is not the case. There are different types of IV fluids used for different medical conditions and in different situations. So today, let's talk about two of the most commonly used IV fluids in our country, namely Lactated Ringers and Normal saline .

Why is fluid so important for our bodies?

First, let's look at why our bodies are so essential for fluid. Just think, 60% of our bodies are made up of water. This water is essential for the healthy functioning of every organ in our body, including our brain, heart , lungs, and kidneys. Simply put, water does many important things inside our bodies, including:

• Helps cells do their job properly.
• Lubricates our joints .
• Controls body temperature.
• Nutrients are carried throughout the body.
• Waste is excreted through urine and feces.
• Protects the brain and spinal cord from damage.

Now you understand how important water is? For some reason, for example, when we vomit a lot, when we lose a lot of blood in a serious accident, or when we suffer from burns, a large amount of fluid is removed from our body. We call this dehydration . When this happens, the amount of electrolytes in the body becomes unbalanced, the blood thickens, and the heart has to work harder. This is when fluids are given intravenously (IV) to restore the body's functions.

What are Lactated Ringers and Normal Saline?

These are the two most commonly used IV fluids in hospitals. We call both of them crystalloid solutions . This means that the particles in these fluids are very small. So they can easily pass through our cell membranes and be absorbed into the body. Also, both of these fluids are isotonic . This means that the concentration of these fluids is very similar to the concentration of our blood plasma. So when they are given to the body, they do not harm the cells. But there are some big differences between the two. Because of those differences, doctors choose the type of fluid that is right for each patient. As you can see, Normal Saline is simply salt water. But Lactated Ringers contains several other salts (electrolytes) that our bodies need. Therefore, Lactated Ringers solution is closer to the composition of our blood.

How do doctors choose these?

Okay, now the most important thing. When should Normal Saline be given? When should Lactated Ringers be given? This decision is made entirely by the doctor treating you. There are many factors that influence it. Let us explain this further in the table below.

Are there any risks with IV fluids?

IV fluids are generally very safe to administer under the supervision of a doctor. However, as with any treatment, there are risks. The main risks are from giving the wrong type of fluid, or giving too much or too little .

If you get more liquid than you need:

• Swelling of the legs and arms.
• High blood pressure.
• Difficulty breathing.
• Delayed wound healing.

If you don't get enough fluids (if dehydration continues):

• Increased heart rate.
• Low blood pressure.
• Kidney failure.
• Shock and organ failure.

This is why when you are given IV fluids in a hospital, the nurses always come and check the flow rate and your condition. IV fluids, saline, Normal Saline, Lactated Ringers, dehydration, Dehydration, IV fluids Sinhala, types of saline