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Why is fluid so important for our bodies?
First, let's look at why our bodies are so essential for fluid. Just think, 60% of our bodies are made up of water. This water is essential for the healthy functioning of every organ in our body, including our brain, heart , lungs, and kidneys. Simply put, water does many important things inside our bodies, including:- Helps cells do their job properly.
- Lubricates our joints .
- Controls body temperature.
- Nutrients are carried throughout the body.
- Waste is excreted through urine and feces.
- Protects the brain and spinal cord from damage.
What are Lactated Ringers and Normal Saline?
These are the two most commonly used IV fluids in hospitals. We call both of them crystalloid solutions . This means that the particles in these fluids are very small. So they can easily pass through our cell membranes and be absorbed into the body. Also, both of these fluids are isotonic . This means that the concentration of these fluids is very similar to the concentration of our blood plasma. So when they are given to the body, they do not harm the cells. But there are some big differences between the two. Because of those differences, doctors choose the type of fluid that is right for each patient.| Fluid Type | Ingredients | Specialty |
|---|---|---|
| Normal Saline (0.9% sodium chloride) | Just sodium chloride (salt) and water. | The most commonly used basic IV fluid. |
| Lactated Ringers (LR) | Sodium chloride, sodium lactate, potassium chloride, calcium chloride and water. | A balanced solution, more similar to the plasma in our blood. |
How do doctors choose these?
Okay, now the most important thing. When should Normal Saline be given? When should Lactated Ringers be given? This decision is made entirely by the doctor treating you. There are many factors that influence it.The most important thing is that it is never up to a patient to decide what type of IV fluid they need. This is a decision that a doctor will make based on the patient's condition, blood test results, and other medical conditions.Let us explain this further in the table below.
| IV fluid type | Best times to use | Situations to avoid/be cautious about using |
|---|---|---|
| Normal Saline |
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| Lactated Ringers |
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Are there any risks with IV fluids?
IV fluids are generally very safe to administer under the supervision of a doctor. However, as with any treatment, there are risks. The main risks are from giving the wrong type of fluid, or giving too much or too little .If you get more liquid than you need:
- Swelling of the legs and arms.
- High blood pressure.
- Difficulty breathing.
- Delayed wound healing.
If you don't get enough fluids (if dehydration continues):
- Increased heart rate.
- Low blood pressure.
- Kidney failure.
- Shock and organ failure.
💡 Take-Home Message
- Although we say "saline," there are several types of IV fluids used in hospitals. Normal Saline and Lactated Ringers are two of the main types.
- Each of these fluids has a different composition, so they work differently in the body.
- Your doctor will choose the most appropriate type of IV fluid to give you, taking into account your medical condition, age, other medical conditions, and blood test results.
- IV fluids are very safe when given correctly under medical advice, so don't be unnecessarily afraid of them.
- If you have any questions or concerns about this, never hesitate to ask the doctor or nursing staff treating you.
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