Àdi be yeanya nu tso intubation, si ate ŋu akpe ɖe ŋuwò ne gbɔgbɔ sesẽ na wò ŋua?

Èbu alesi míate ŋu akpe ɖe mía ɖokui ŋu míagbɔ ya ne míedzudzɔ gbɔgbɔ kpata, alo ne wole dɔ gã aɖe wɔm na mí ŋu kpɔa? Ɣemaɣie ɖɔktawo to mɔnu aɖe si woyɔna be ``Intubation.'' Togbɔ be esia nye nya dziŋɔ vie hã la, le nyateƒe me la, ekpena ɖe ame geɖe ƒe agbe ŋu. Na míakpɔ nusi wònye, alesi wowɔe, kple nusitae wowɔe bɔbɔe ɖa.

Nukae `(Intubation)` fia ko?

Kpuie ko la, `(Intubation)` (intubation) nye ne ɖɔkta tsɔ mɔ̃ sue aɖe de wò yaƒoƒomɔ̃ (`(trachea)`) me to wò nu me alo ɣeaɖewoɣi to wò ŋɔti me. Tube sia nana wò yaƒoƒomɔ̃a nɔa ʋuʋu ɖi, eyata ya te ŋu gena ɖe eme bɔbɔe. Emegbe woate ŋu atsɔ mɔ̃ sia aƒo ka na mɔ̃ aɖe. Mɔ̃ sia ɖoa ɔksidzin alo ya ɖe wò lãkusi me le nyaƒoɖeamenu me. Míeyɔa esia be `(Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe Yaƒoƒo)`.

Ŋkɔ bubuwo le ``(Intubation)`` sia ŋu:

• Yameʋuɖoɖo ƒe mɔ̃ si wotsɔ dea ya me
• Endotracheal intubation (ETT) ƒe ʋuka me ʋu ƒe sisi .
• Tracheal intubation si wotsɔ dea ʋuka me

Esiawo katã nye ŋkɔ siwo wotsɔ na nu ɖeka.

Nukatae wòhiã be nàwɔ `(Intubation)` sia?

Ðewohĩ ahiã be ɖɔkta nado ya na wò ne mète ŋu le gbɔgbɔm nyuie o le esi wò yaƒoƒomɔ̃a xe, xexe, alo abi si nèxɔ ta. Tsɔe be, kasia, èdze afɔku gã aɖe eye wò akɔta kple kɔ xɔ abi, si wɔe be gbɔgbɔ sesẽ. Alo, ne wò susu megale dɔ wɔm o la, màte ŋu aɖu wò gbɔgbɔ dzi o. Esiae nye ɣeyiɣi si me esia hiã.

Susu bubu geɖewo li siwo tae wòle be woawɔ `(Intubation)`:

• Ne abi aɖe si le wò dɔgbo, akɔta, alo kɔ ŋu gblẽ nu le wò yaƒoƒomɔ̃ ŋu.
• Ame ƒe susu meganɔa ame ŋu o (abe alɔ̃madɔmadɔ ene) alo eƒe susu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ. Esia ate ŋu ana màgate ŋu aɖu wò gbɔgbɔ dzi o.
• Ne ele be woawɔ dɔ gã aɖe na wò le afisi màte ŋu agbɔ le ɖokuiwò si o. Zi geɖe la, ne wona atike si naa alɔ̃dɔdɔ mí la, esesẽna na mí be míagbɔ ya le mía ɖokui si.
• Yagbɔgbɔ ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie. Esia fia be wò lãkusiwo dzudzɔa dɔwɔwɔ nyuie.
• Afɔku li be woagbɔ nuwo abe nuɖuɖu, ʋuʋudedi, kple ʋu ene eye woage ɖe lãkusiwo me (Aspiration) .
• Ne nane tsi yaƒoƒomɔ̃a me eye wòxe mɔ na ya ƒe sisi la, woyɔnɛ be ``Yamɔ ƒe mɔxexe``.
• Dzi ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie dzɔna ne dzia dzudzɔ dɔwɔwɔ zi ɖeka.
• Ne gbɔgbɔtsixe tsi anyi hena ɣeyiɣi aɖe (Apnea).

Ðewohĩ ahiã be woade ʋuka me le susu siawo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe ta.

Aleke gbegbee esia bɔe?

Le nyateƒe me la, ``(Intubation)`` nye mɔnu si bɔ ŋutɔ, si xɔa ame ɖe agbe. Le United States ɖeɖe dzaa la, wowɔa dɔ siawo dometɔ siwo ade miliɔn 15 le amekokoxɔwo me ƒe sia ƒe. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, wowɔa wo dometɔ akpe alafa geɖe le nɔnɔme kpatawo me. Eyata àte ŋu akpɔ zi nenie wowɔa esia le susu me. Wowɔa esia edziedzi le Sri Lanka hã.

Nuka tututue dzɔna ne wowɔ Endotracheal Intubation?

Zi geɖe la, wowɔa `(Intubation)` sia le kɔdzia me. Ke hã, ɣeaɖewoɣi la, atikewɔƒe siwo kpɔa nudzɔdzɔ kpatawo gbɔ (`(EMS)` dɔwɔlawo) wɔa esia le kɔdzi godo.

Alesi wowɔa esia zi geɖee nye esi:

1. Gbã la, wotsɔa ʋuka sue aɖe (IV needle) dea ʋuka aɖe me le wò alɔnu eye wonaa atike si naa alɔ̃dɔdɔ wò to edzi be wòadɔ alɔ̃ eye vevesese aɖeke manɔ ŋuwò o.

2. Emegbe woatsɔ oxygen mask ade wò ŋɔti kple nu dzi be wòana oxygen bubu wò ŋutilã.

3. Woatrɔ wò ta ɖe megbe vie eye woatsɔ mɔ̃ aɖe si woyɔna be ``laryngoscope'' ade wò nu me (eye ɣeaɖewoɣi to wò ŋɔti me ne ehiã). ``Laryngoscope'' la ƒe asiléƒe, akaɖi, kple akplɔ si me mekɔ o le esi. Esia kpena ɖe ɖɔkta ŋu be wòakpɔ afisi ``yagbɔgbɔmɔ̃'' la le nyuie.

4. Eyome, woɖea ``(laryngoscope)`` tso nu me yia megbe, eye wokpɔa nyuie be woagaƒo aɖuawo o.

5. Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe alɔnu (epiglottis) si le wò nu ƒe megbe la kɔna yia dzi be wòakpɔ wò gbeɖaka (aɖuɖɔtoe) ta.

6. Wotsɔa `(Laryngoscope)` ƒe nugbɔ toa wò `(Larynx)` me yia wò `(Trachea)` (yaƒoƒomɔ̃) me.

7. Emegbe wotsɔa ya sue aɖe si le abe balloon ene la ƒoa xlã endotracheal tube la. Esia wɔnɛ be mɔ̃a meʋãna le yagbɔgbɔ me o, eye ya siwo katã dona to mɔ̃a me la yia lãkusia me tẽ.

8. Azɔ ɖe `(Laryngoscope)` ɖa.

9. Be gbɔgbɔtsixe ƒe mɔ̃a nagaʋuʋu ayi megbe kple megbe o la, wotsɔa aŋɔ dana ɖe nu ƒe akpa eveawo alo wotsɔa ka blaa ta la.

10. Mlɔeba la, woɖea X-ray tsɔ kpɔae ɖa be mɔ̃a le teƒe nyuitɔ hã, alo wozãa akplo tsɔ kɔa ya ɖe mɔ̃a me heɖoa to gbeɖiɖi siwo tso lãkusia me.

Ɣeyiɣi didi kae esia axɔ?

Le nɔnɔme kpata aɖe me la, ɖɔkta ateŋu awɔ ``(Intubation)'' sia le ɣeyiɣi si mede aɖabaƒoƒo ɖeka o me. Esia nye nusi woate ŋu awɔ kaba nenema.

Ðe mate ŋu aƒo nu, aɖu nu, ahano nu esime mɔ̃a le teƒea?

Ao, màte ŋu aƒo nu o. Elabena gbɔgbɔtsixe ƒe mɔ̃ sia toa wò gbeɖiɖikawo me. Eyata ne èdze agbagba be yeaƒo nu hã la, gbeɖiɖi aɖeke medona o.

Azɔ hã, màte ŋu ami nu esime mɔ̃a le teƒea o. Eyata màte ŋu aɖu nu alo ano nu o. Le ɣeyiɣi didi si wòle be nànɔ alea nu la, ɖɔktawo ana nunyiame si le dɔgboa me (nunyiame si wodona ɖe ʋuka me) alo saline (tsi siwo wodona ɖe ʋuka me) wò. Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, woate ŋu ade mɔ̃ tsɛ aɖe si le vovo to wò nu alo ŋɔti me be wòana nunyiame wò ɖe wò dɔgbo alo dɔgbo suea me.

Aleke nàwɔ aɖe mɔ̃a ɖa? (Nukae nye ``(Extubation)``?)

Ne ɖɔktawo nya kpɔe be mele dedie be yewoaɖe mɔ̃a ɖa ko la, woaɖee ɖa. Woyɔa esia be ``Extubation``. Alesi wowɔe nye esi:

• Woɖea aŋɔ alo kasɛt si lé mɔ̃a ɖe teƒea la ɖa.
• Mɔ̃ aɖe si wotsɔ noa nu ɖea ʋuʋudedi kple gbeɖuɖɔ bubuwo ɖa le wò yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo me.
• Woɖea ya le ʋuƒo si wodo ɖe yaƒoƒomɔ̃a me la me.
• Emegbe wogblɔ na wò be nàgbɔ ya sesĩe eye nàkɔ ya alo nàgbɔ ya esi wole mɔ̃a hem do goe.

Wò ŋɔti (`(Pharynx)`) ateŋu ave vie ŋkeke ʋee aɖewo le `(Extubation)` megbe. Ate ŋu asesẽ vie hã be woaƒo nu. Esia sɔ, mègatsi dzi o.

Viɖe kawoe le intubation me?

Intubation nye mɔnu si bɔ, si zi geɖe le dedie , si ate ŋu akpe ɖe ŋuwò nàɖe wò agbe.

Viɖe gãtɔ kekeake si le esia ŋue nye be ate ŋu axɔ ame aɖe si gbɔgbɔ le fu ɖem na la ƒe agbe. Eyata ne wotsɔe sɔ kple afɔku sue bubuawo la, esia nye nusi ŋu viɖe le ŋutɔ.

Mɔnukpɔkpɔ kawoe li be woatsi agbe ne wowɔ intubation?

Esia toa vovo ŋutɔŋutɔ tso ame ɖeka gbɔ yi bubu gbɔ. Enɔ te ɖe nu geɖe dzi, abe nusita wodo atike na wò, ƒe si nèxɔ, wò lãmesẽ bliboa, kple bubuawo ene Gake numekuku aɖe ɖee fia be ame siwo ade adre le ewo ɖesiaɖe me siwo wodo ʋu na le xɔ si me wowɔa dɔ kpata le la tsi agbe . Eyata ema ɖe alesi gbegbe wòɖea ame ƒe agbee fia.

Afɔku kawoe le intubation me?

Togbɔ be zi geɖe la, afɔku aɖeke mele eme o hã la, afɔku aɖewo li. Gake ɖo ŋku edzi be ame aɖe ƒe agbe ɖeɖe xɔ asi wu afɔku siawo.

• Aspiration : Le intubation me la, ʋuʋudedi, ʋu, alo tsi bubuwo ate ŋu age ɖe lãkusiwo me.
• Endobronchial intubation: Mɔ̃ si wotsɔ dea yaƒoƒomɔ̃ (yagbɔgbɔ) me ɖe yaƒoƒomɔ̃ vevi eve (bronchi) siwo alɔdze tso yaƒoƒomɔ̃a me yia lãkusiwo me la dometɔ ɖeka me.
• Esophageal intubation: Ne gbɔgbɔtsixe ge ɖe nuɖuɖu ƒe pɔmpi (nutome) me ɖe yaƒoƒomɔ̃ (trachea) teƒe la, ate ŋu agblẽ nu le ahɔhɔ̃a ŋu alo aku gɔ̃ hã ne ɖɔkta medae kaba o.
• Yaƒoƒomɔ̃a ƒe dedienɔnɔ ƒe kpododonu: Ne womate ŋu awɔ yaƒoƒomɔ̃a nyuie o la, ɖewohĩ ɖɔktawo mate ŋu ada dɔ na wò o.
• Dɔlékuiwo: Dɔlékuiwo ƒe dɔlékuiwo abe sinus dɔlékuiwo ene ate ŋu adze ame dzi le ʋuka dodo vɔ megbe.
• Nuveviwɔame: Ne wodoe ɖe ya me la, ate ŋu ana ame naxɔ abi le nu, aɖu, aɖe, gbeɖiɖika, alo yaƒoƒomɔ̃ ŋu. Nuveviwɔame siawo ate ŋu ana ʋu nado eye wòavuvu.
• Kuxi siwo dona tso alɔ̃dɔdɔ me: Ame akpa gãtɔ hayana nyuie le atike si wua alɔ̃dɔdɔ me. Gake ate ŋu asesẽ na wo dometɔ aɖewo be woanyɔ, alo ate ŋu ado go kuxi bubuwo abe dzoxɔxɔ, lãmekawo ƒe ʋuʋu (dzoxɔxɔ si gbɔ eme vɔ̃ɖi), alo lãmekawo ƒe gbegblẽ ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe alo tegbee ene.
• Tension pneumothorax (aklã ƒe gbagbã): Ya si xaxa ɖe akɔta ƒe do me ate ŋu ana aklãa nagbã.

Togbɔ be nusiawo ate ŋu adzɔ hã la, ɖɔktawo tsia dzi ɖe nusiawo katã ŋu vevie.

Amekae womele ʋuka me dem o?

Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, ɖɔktawo tsoa nya me be mele dedie be woawɔ intubation o. Esia ate ŋu adzɔ ne abi gã aɖe le yaƒoƒomɔ̃a ŋu, alo ne mɔxenu aɖe xe mɔ na yaƒoƒomɔ̃a be womate ŋu ade eme dedie o.

Le nɔnɔme mawo me la, ɖɔktawo ate ŋu atso nya me be yewoawɔ dɔ na wò kɔ si le anyime be wòaʋu wò yaƒoƒomɔ̃. Woyɔa esia be `` tracheostomy.`` Zi geɖe la, wowɔa esia ne ehiã be gbɔgbɔtsixe nanɔ asiwò wu ŋkeke ʋee aɖewo, alo ne èsusu be ɖewohĩ ahiã be yeaxɔe kwasiɖa geɖe.

Ɣeyiɣi didi kae wòxɔna hafi wòhayana?

Ame akpa gãtɔ hayana le gaƒoƒo alo ŋkeke ʋɛ aɖewo me le ʋuka dodo vɔ megbe. Gake ne kɔdzidɔ, nu mimi, alo nuƒoƒo sesẽ na wò le kwasiɖa ʋɛ aɖewo le ʋuka dodo vɔ megbe gɔ̃ hã la, yi ɖɔkta gbɔ. Woate ŋu aɖo wò ɖe to, ŋɔti, kple ŋɔti ŋuti nunyala bibi aɖe (tolaryngologist).

Ɣekaɣie wòle be nàkpɔ ɖɔkta le ʋuka dodo vɔ megbe?

Ne èkpɔ dzesi siawo dometɔ aɖe le ʋuka dodo vɔ megbe la , yi ɖɔkta gbɔ enumake:

• Akɔtave
• Yagbɔgbɔ sesẽ, abe gbɔgbɔtsixetsixe ene
• Nuƒoƒo alo nu mimi sesẽ alo ŋutetemanɔamesi
• Kɔmeve sesẽ
• Mo ƒe ʋuʋu

Ne esiawo dometɔ aɖe le asiwò la, ke gblɔe na ɖɔkta godoo.

Aleke gbegbee intubation nye nu sesẽe?

Esia nɔ te ɖe nusita wòhiã be nàwɔ `(Intubation)` dzi. Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, ɖɔktawo zãa `(Intubation)` le amekoko siwo ŋu wowɔ ɖoɖo ɖo me. Menye nya gã aɖekee wònye o. Gake le nɔnɔme kpata aɖe me, ne mète ŋu le gbɔgbɔm le ɖokuiwò si o, ne wowɔ `(Intubation)` abe agbeɖeɖe ƒe afɔɖeɖe ene la, enye nɔnɔme sesẽ ŋutɔŋutɔ.

Ðe ``yaƒoƒo'' kple ``yaƒoƒo'' nye nu vovovo evea?

``(Intubation)`` kple ``(Mechanical Ventilation)`` do ƒome kple wo nɔewo. Gake womesɔ pɛpɛpɛ o.

• Intubation nye alesi wotsɔa gbɔgbɔtsixe ƒe mɔ̃ dea yaƒoƒomɔ̃a me.
• Emegbe ɖɔktaa tsɔa mɔ̃a doa ka kple mɔ̃ aɖe si wozãna tsɔ gbɔa yae. Mɔ̃ sia ate ŋu anye akplo si wotsɔ asi léna si naa ya ƒoa ya, alo ate ŋu anye yagbɔgbɔmɔ̃.
• Yagbɔgbɔmɔ̃ nye mɔ̃ si tsɔa ɔksidzin yia wò yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo kple wò lãkusiwo me. Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, yagbɔgbɔmɔ̃ toa ametakpɔnu dzi tsɔa ya toa mo na wò tsɔ wu be wòato mɔ̃ aɖe dzi.

Èse egɔmea? Zi geɖe la, wodoa ka kple yagbɔgbɔmɔ̃a le ``Intubation'' megbe.

Nukae nye `(Nasotracheal intubation)`?

Afi siae ɖɔktawo dea yagbɔgbɔmɔ̃ to wò ŋɔti me le. Zi geɖe la, wozãa esia ne wole dɔ wɔm na wò ta, nu, alo kɔ. Ekpena ɖe ŋuwò hã be màgaxɔ abi bubu ɖe wò kɔ alo yaƒoƒomɔ̃ ŋu o.

Mlɔeba la, nu siwo dzi wòle be woaɖo ŋkui

Ne èbu ɖɔkta be wòatsɔ mɔ̃ aɖe ade wò ŋɔti me la, ate ŋu ado vɔvɔ̃ na wò. Gake intubation nye atikewɔwɔ si wowɔna zi geɖe le amekokoxɔwo kple xɔ siwo me wowɔa dɔ kpata le be wòakpe ɖe ŋuwò nàɖe wò agbe ne mète ŋu le gbɔgbɔm o. Ame geɖe sea ŋɔti me veve alo nuƒoƒo sesẽna na wo le esia megbe. Gake zi geɖe la, nugbegblẽ mawo nu yina le kwasiɖa ɖeka me. Eyata, ka ɖe wò ɖɔktawo dzi. Wole agbagba dzem ɣesiaɣi be yewoawɔ nusi anyo na wò.

` Intubation, gbɔgbɔ, beléle kpata, gbɔgbɔtsixe ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu, yagbɔgbɔmɔ̃, amekoko, tracheostomy