Ðe wò, alo ame aɖe si nènya, le Lithium, si nye atike si woŋlɔna na ame enuenu na susumedɔlélewo abe Bipolar disorder ene la zãm fifiaa? Togbɔ be atike sia ate ŋu awɔ dɔ ŋutɔ ne wozãe nyuie hã la, ne wozãe wògbɔ eme vie gɔ̃ hã la, ate ŋu ahe nɔnɔme si me afɔku le si woyɔna be ‘Lithium Toxicity’ vɛ. Egbea, mina míadzro nusiwo wòle be nànya be nànɔ dedie me kple Nirogi Lanka.
Ne míagblɔe bɔbɔe la, Lithium Toxicity dzɔna ne atike sia ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le wò ŋutilã me va sɔ gbɔ akpa. Esia ate ŋu ahe dɔgbo ƒe fuɖename vɛ (abe ʋuʋudedi, ʋuʋudedi, alo aɖuɖɔtoe ene) eye wòagblẽ nu le wò lãmekawo ŋu (si ana nàtɔtɔ alo nàʋuʋu). Ne womewɔ atike nɛ o la, esia ate ŋu ava zu nudzɔdzɔ kpata si ate ŋu ade ame ƒe agbe afɔku me.
Lithium nye dze si le dzɔdzɔme nu si wozãna tsɔ ɖea manic episodes dzi kpɔtɔna le Bipolar disorder me. Gake vovototo si le agbɔsɔsɔ si le dedie kple esi me afɔku le dome la le sue ŋutɔ. Esia fia be ne èdzi wò atike ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme ɖe edzi vie gɔ̃ hã la, ate ŋu asesẽ na wò ŋutilã be wòakpɔ egbɔ.
Aleke Lithium Toxicity dzɔnae?
Mɔ vovovowo li siwo dzi esia ate ŋu ato adzɔ le. Na míalé ŋku ɖe wo ŋu.
Aɖi si Le Ame Ŋu Kpata
Esia dzɔna ne èɖu Lithium gbogbo aɖe zi ɖeka, alo ne tsi vɔ le wò ŋutilã me vevie, si wɔnɛ be atikeawo ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzina ɖe edzi kabakaba. Esia ate ŋu adzɔ ɣeaɖewoɣi le vodada siwo wowɔ le atikeawo zazã me le vo me ta.
Aɖi si nɔa anyi didi si nye Acute-on-chronic
Esia dzɔna ne ènye Lithium zãla gbesiagbe si noa atike bubu le vo me, alo ne tsi geɖe bu le wò ŋutilã me. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ne tsi mesɔ gbɔ na wò o ŋkeke ʋɛ aɖewo alo ne èle ʋuʋum vevie la, wò dɔwɔɖoɖoa ate ŋu aʋli vevie be yeatrɔ asi le atikeawo ŋu dedie.
Aɖi si Nɔa Anyi Me
Esia va le dzɔdzɔm le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe ne Lithium le ƒoƒom ɖe wò lãmenugbagbeviwo me vivivi. Ate ŋu adzɔ bɔbɔe, elabena nusiwo abe tsikuɖiɖi, ayiku ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, kple atike bubu siwo nàte ŋu anɔ kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe alesi wò ŋutilã ɖea Lithium ɖae dzi vevie.
Nukae nye Lithium ƒe Aɖi ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme?
Wò ɖɔkta alé ŋku ɖe wò atikewo ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ ŋu to ʋudodokpɔ me be yeanya nusi le dedie na wò. Zi geɖe la, woda aɖinuwo ɖe hatsotso siwo gbɔna me:
- Aɖi fafɛ: 1.5 va ɖo 2.5 mmol/L.
- Aɖi si sɔ gbɔ: 2.5 va ɖo 3.5 mmol/L.
- Aɖi sesẽ: Ekɔ wu 3.5 mmol/L.
Mehiã be nàtsi dzi ɖe ‘mmol/L’ ƒe akpaa ŋu o; ema nye mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe dzidzenu na wò atikewɔlawo ƒe ƒuƒoƒoa. Ele be wò susu nanɔ nuxlɔ̃amedzesiwo nyanya ŋu.
Nukae nye Lithium Toxicity ƒe dzesiwo?
Dzesiawo toa vovo le aɖia ƒe ƒomevi kple eƒe sesẽ nu.
Dzesiwo le Aɖi si nye Acute kple Acute-on-chronic Toxicity ƒe dzesiwo
Zi geɖe la, dɔléle siawo dzea egɔme tso dɔgbo (GI) ƒe nyawo dzi, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:
- Aɖuɖɔtoe kple ʋuʋudedi .
- Dɔmetɔtrɔ .
- Ƒodo ƒe vevesese .
- Seselelãme si nye be yeƒe lãme ʋuʋu.
Zi geɖe la, dzesi siawo dzea egɔme le gaƒoƒo ɖeka me tso esime wozã atike wògbɔ eme.
Vevietɔ: Ne èkpɔ dzesi siawo la, taflatse yi atikewɔƒe enumake.
Ne aɖia le dzidzim ɖe edzi va ɖo agbɔsɔsɔ si sɔ alo esi nu sẽ la, àte ŋu ade dzesi ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe tɔtrɔwo, abe:
- Susu ƒe nɔnɔme ƒe tɔtrɔ: Tso tɔtɔ fafɛ dzi va ɖo tagbɔdɔ sesẽ dzi.
- Ʋuʋudedi siwo dzi womate ŋu aɖu o .
- Dadasɔ ƒe bu alo nuwɔwɔ aduadu ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ ( ataxia ).
- Lãmetsiwo ƒe ʋuʋu (myoclonus).
- Nuƒoƒo si me mekɔ o (dysarthria).
- Hyperreflexia (nukpɔkpɔ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ fũ akpa).
- Ŋku ƒe ʋuʋu le wo ɖokui si (nystagmus).
- Le nɔnɔme sesẽwo me la: Asrã sesẽ (dzoxɔxɔ si gbɔ eme).
- Le nɔnɔme sesẽwo me la:Alɔ̃madɔmadɔ .
- Le nɔnɔme sesẽwo me la: Coma.
Ne èle Lithium nom, eye nède dzesi dzesi siawo dometɔ ɖeka gɔ̃ hã la, taflatse te ɖe dɔwɔƒe siwo kpɔa nudzɔdzɔ kpatawo gbɔ alo do asi ɖe wò ɖɔkta gbɔ kaba.
Lithium ƒe Aɖi si Nɔa Anyi Didi ƒe Dzesiwo
Zi geɖe la, aɖi si nɔa ame ŋu atraɖii gblẽa nu le ayiku ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu, si ate ŋu ahe nɔnɔme aɖewo koŋ vɛ:
Suklidɔ si Naa Aɖuɖɔtoewo Gbɔna
Esia dzɔna ne wò ayikuwo mete ŋu da sɔ nyuie le tsiwo me o elabena wodzudzɔa lãmetsi siwo tsia tsinyegoe ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nu. Dzesiawo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:
- Tsikuɖiɖi (nu me ƒuƒu, ɖeɖiteameŋu, taɖuame).
- Tsikɔwuame si gbɔ eme ( polydipsia ).
- Aɖuɖɔɖɔɖɔ fũu akpa (polyuria).
Nephritis si me sodium mesɔ gbɔ ɖo o
Ayiku ƒe gbegblẽ ate ŋu ana elektrikŋusẽ ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie, si ƒe dzesi enye:
- Lãmetsiwo ƒe ʋuʋu kple gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ.
- Susu me tɔtɔ.
- Ɖeɖiteameŋu.
- Tsikɔwuame si gbɔ eme.
- Aɖuɖɔɖɔɖɔ enuenu .
Nephrotic Syndrome ƒe Dɔléle
Esiae nye ne wò ayikuwo na protein geɖe dona ɖe wò aɖuɖɔ me (proteinuria). Dzesiawo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:
- Lãmetsi si sɔ gbɔ ɖe lãme na ame (ʋumemi ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ fũ).
- Afɔwo kple afɔkpodziwo ƒe vuvu (edema).
- Nuɖuɖudzroame ƒe vɔvɔ.
- Ƒodo ƒe vevesese.
- Aɖuɖɔ si me futukpɔ le.
Zãzã atraɖii ate ŋu ahe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ hã vɛ, abe ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ, ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ, alo ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ si gbɔ eme ene.
Ne èkpɔ dzesi siawo dometɔ aɖe esime nèle Lithium zãm la, ƒo nu kple wò lãmesẽdɔwɔla kaba ale si nàte ŋui.
Kadodo si le Lithium kple Serotonin Dɔléle dome
Lithium ate ŋu awɔ akpa aɖe le Serotonin ƒe Dɔlélea me, vevietɔ ne èle atike bubu siwo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe serotonin ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi zãm. Esia nye nɔnɔme si ate ŋu ade ame ƒe agbe afɔku me.
Serotonin ƒe dɔlélea ƒe dzesiwo (tso esiwo mesẽ o dzi va ɖo esiwo nu sẽ dzi) dometɔ aɖewoe nye:
- Dzimaɖitsitsi.
- Aɖuɖɔtoe kple ʋuʋudedi.
- Dɔmetɔtrɔ.
- ŋkume ƒe ŋkumeʋuʋu siwo keke .
- Ʋuʋudedi.
- Tɔtɔ kple dzimaɖitsitsi.
- Lãmetsiwo ƒe ʋuʋu kple woƒe sesẽ.
- Fifia kple ʋuʋudedi.
- Tɔtɔ alo delirium.
- Dzi ƒe tsotso kabakaba.
- Ʋusɔgbɔdɔ.
Ne èkpɔ dzesi siawo la, taflatse yi atikewɔƒe kpata enumake!
Nukae hea Lithium ƒe Aɖi vɛ?
Susu vevi etɔ̃ tae esia ate ŋu adzɔ ɖo:
- Lithium nono fũu akpa: Lithium nono fũ wu esi woŋlɔ nɛ, eɖanye ɖe woɖoe koŋ alo le vo me o, ate ŋu ana aɖi nadze ame dzi vevie alo esi nu sẽ ŋutɔ. Togbɔ be ƒã hã la, ahiã be wò ɖɔkta natrɔ asi le wò agbɔsɔsɔme ŋu ɣeaɖewoɣi; ke hã, ele be woakpɔ esia gbɔ pɛpɛpɛ le atikewɔƒewo ƒe dzikpɔkpɔ te.
- Tsikuɖiɖi alo tsi ƒe dadasɔ ƒe nyawo: Esia nye nusi gbɔ wòtsona zi geɖe. Ne sodium (dze) kple tsi bu le wò ŋutilã me la, wò ayikuwo xea fe ɖe eta to lithium geɖe gbugbɔgaxɔ me, si wɔnɛ be ʋua ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzina ɖe edzi. Esia ate ŋu atso:
- Ʋuʋudedi.
- Dɔmetɔtrɔ.
- Asrã.
- Ayiku ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie.
- Aɖuɖɔtoemetikewo (tsitikewo) zazã.
- Kamedede sesẽ.
- Fifia fũu akpa (Hyperhidrosis).
- Lãmetsi si mesɔ gbɔ o.
- Nuɖuɖu si me dze mesɔ gbɔ ɖo o.
- Dzi ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie.
- Fufɔfɔ alo vidzidzi.
- Thyroid ƒe masɔmasɔ (Hyperthyroidism).
- Nusiwo dona le lãme na ame dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ: Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, wò ŋutilã ʋlina vevie be yeaɖe lithium ɖa nyuie, eye zi geɖe la, nusiwo gbɔ wòtso si míeyɔ ɖe etame gbɔe wòtsona.
Amekawoe le afɔku gã me be woaxɔ Lithium Toxicity?
Amesiwo ƒe afɔku le lithium ƒe aɖi si nɔa anyi didi me dometɔ aɖewoe nye:
- Ame ɖekaɖeka siwo xɔ wu ƒe 50.
- Ame siwo ŋu thyroid dɔléle le.
- Amesiwo ƒe ayikuwo mewɔa dɔ nyuie o.
- Ame ɖekaɖeka siwo ŋu Suklidɔ ƒe Insipidus le.
Lithium zazã ɣeyiɣi didi do ƒome kple afɔku si le suklidɔ si me aɖi mele o si ate ŋu ana nàxɔ aɖi emegbe.
Ne èle lithium nom eye dɔléle siawo dometɔ aɖe va dze dziwò la, taflatse yi ɖɔkta gbɔ enumake.
Aleke ɖɔktawo wɔa anya Lithium Toxicity?
Be nàda wò dɔlélea ƒe sesẽme akpɔ nyuie la, wò atikewɔlawo ahiã nyatakaka tɔxɛwo:
- Lithium agbɔsɔsɔme si tututu nèɖu.
- Ɣeyiɣi si me woɖua nu.
- Eɖanye atike alo atike bubu aɖewoe nèno o.
- Eɖanye be woɖui le vo me alo woɖoe koŋ o.
Be ɖɔktawo naɖo kpe dɔlélea dzi la, woawɔ dodokpɔ geɖe, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:
- Ʋudodokpɔ be woatsɔ akpɔ wò lithium ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ.
- Ʋudodokpɔ be woatsɔ akpɔ elektrikŋusẽ ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ (abe sodium kple calcium ene).
- Lãmetsiŋusẽ si doa ŋusẽ lãkusi (TSH) dodokpɔwo.
- Aɖuɖɔtoe me dzodzro.
- Ayikuwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dodokpɔ (lé ŋku ɖe Urea kple Creatinine ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ ŋu).
- Ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe nɔnɔmetatawo ɖeɖe (le nɔnɔme siwo mebɔ o, siwo nu sẽ ŋutɔ me ko).
Wò ƒuƒoƒoa alé ŋku ɖe wò dzesi veviwo hã ŋu, abe:
- EKG (electrocardiogram) be nàlé ŋku ɖe wò dzi ƒe tsotso ŋu.
- Wò aɖuɖɔ ƒe dodo.
- Wò oxygen ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ to pulse oximeter dzi .
Aleke wowɔa atike na Lithium Toxicity?
Aɖi si nu sẽ alo esi nɔa anyi didi ƒe atikewɔwɔ nɔ te ɖe alesi wòsẽe kple alesi nèɖoa dɔwɔƒe si kpɔa nudzɔdzɔ kpatawo gbɔ kabakabae dzi. Taɖodzinu vevitɔwoe nye be nàɖe lithium ɖa le wò lãmenugbagbeviwo me eye nàna wò dzesiwo nali ke. Dɔdamɔnuawo ate ŋu anye:
- Dɔgbo me tsilele.
- Tsidede dɔgbo bliboa: Wodoa tsi tɔxɛ aɖe to nu me alo to dɔgboa me be wòakɔ dɔgboa me.
- Activated charcoal: Wozãnɛ ne woɖu atike alo nu bubuwo le ɣeyiɣi ɖeka me.
- Ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ: Mɔ nyuitɔ kekeake si dzi woato aɖe lithium ɖa le ʋua me le dɔléle sesẽwo me.
- Lãmetsi siwo wozãna le ʋuka me.
- Atike siwo woɖo taɖodzinu na be woatsɔ akpɔ dzesiawo gbɔ.
Anɔ eme be woakpɔ beléle na wò le Dɔwɔƒe si Kpɔa Nudzɔdzɔ Kpatawo Gbɔ. Ne aɖia nu sẽ la, woate ŋu axɔ wò ɖe Dɔnɔdzikpɔƒe (ICU).
Atikewɔwɔ na Lithium ƒe Aɖi si Nɔa Anyi Didi
Esi wònye be aɖi si nɔa ame ŋu ɣeyiɣi didi kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe ayiku ƒe lãmesẽ dzi zi geɖe ta la, wotrɔa asi le atikewɔwɔ ŋu ɖe ayiku ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ tɔxɛ nu, si ate ŋu anye ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ.
Nukae nye mɔkpɔkpɔa? (Nyagblɔɖi) .
Wò hayahaya nɔ te ɖe aɖi si ƒomevi nèle, eƒe sesẽme, kple alesi nèdi kpekpeɖeŋu kabae dzi. Le aɖi sesẽ ƒe nɔnɔme siwo me ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dzesi aɖeke mele o me la, kuxi siwo nɔa anyi didi mebɔ o. Gake ne ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔléle ƒe dzesi sesẽwo do mo ɖa la, ate ŋu ava nɔ anyi ɖaa. Esia tae Nirogi Lanka kple dɔwɔƒe siwo kpɔa nudzɔdzɔ kpatawo gbɔ ƒe nudede nyawo me le ɣeyiɣi nyuitɔ dzi le vevie ŋutɔ ɖo. Le nɔnɔme sesẽwo me la, aɖi si womewɔ atike na o ate ŋu ana ame natsi alɔ̃ me, ahɔhɔ̃a nagblẽ tegbee, alo aku gɔ̃ hã.
Aɖi si nɔa anyi didi ate ŋu asesẽ wu be woakpɔe elabena dzesiawo dona vivivi, si ate ŋu ana ayiku alo ahɔhɔ̃mekawo nagblẽ ɣeyiɣi didi.
Aleke nàwɔ axe mɔ ɖe Lithium Toxicity nu?
Afɔɖeɖe siawo dzi wɔwɔ ate ŋu akpe ɖe ŋuwò nàxe mɔ ɖe lithium ƒe aɖi sesẽ nu:
- No wò atikeawo abe alesi wogblɔe ene pɛpɛpɛ: Zã agbɔsɔsɔme si wò ɖɔkta de se na wò ko. Zã atikewo ƒe ŋkɔwo alo atikewo ŋuti nuŋlɔɖi be nàƒo asa na atikeawo zazã zi eve le vo me.
- Dzra wò atikewo ɖo nyuie: Na wò lithium nate ɖa le ɖeviwo kple ame siwo ŋu womeɖe mɔ ɖo o gbɔ.
- Tsi nanɔ eme: No tsi geɖe le ŋkekea me katã. Ne ʋuɖɔɖɔ, aɖuɖɔtoe, alo asrã dze dziwò la, te ɖe wò ɖɔkta ŋu enumake.
- Lé atikewo ƒe xexlẽdzesi bliboa me ɖe asi:Na wò ɖɔkta nanya ɣesiaɣi be yele lithium zãm hafi nàdze atike yeye ɖesiaɖe zazã gɔme, elabena atike aɖewo ate ŋu ado kplamatse alesi wò ŋutilã wɔa lithium ŋudɔe.
- Gblɔ tɔtrɔ siwo va le lãmesẽ me ŋu nya: Na wò ɖɔkta nanya tɔtrɔ ɖesiaɖe si ava wò le lãmesẽ me, abe fufɔfɔ alo lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tɔtrɔ ene.
Ne èle ɖokuiwò wuwu ƒe susuwo me tom alo nèle didim be yeaɖoe koŋ ano Lithium ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si gbɔ eme la, taflatse yi kɔdzi ƒe dɔwɔƒe si te ɖe ŋuwò kpata enumake, alo do asi ɖe ame aɖe si dzi nèka ɖo gbɔ. Le nɔnɔme kpatawo me la, àte ŋu aƒo ka na nutoa me ƒe xaxa me kpekpeɖeŋunahabɔbɔwo hã alo aƒo ka na dɔwɔƒe siwo kpɔa nudzɔdzɔ kpatawo gbɔ (911) hena kpekpeɖeŋu enumake.
Ne èle Lithium nom ɣeyiɣi didi aɖe la, wò ɖɔkta aɖo aɖaŋu na wò enuenu be nàdo ʋu kple aɖuɖɔ kpɔ be nàlé ŋku ɖe wò lãmesẽ ŋu. Dodokpɔ siawo le vevie ŋutɔ be woate ŋu ade dzesi lithium ƒe aɖi si nɔa anyi didi kaba. Mɔfiame siwo wozãna ɖaa hena ŋkuléle ɖe nu ŋue nye esi:
- Ele be woado ʋu kpɔ le ŋkeke 3 va ɖo 5 le Lithium gɔmedzedze alo le asitɔtrɔ ɖesiaɖe si wowɔ le eƒe agbɔsɔsɔme ŋu megbe.
- Le amesiwo le atike wɔm ɣeyiɣi didi gome la, woléa ŋku ɖe Lithium ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le ʋu me ŋu ɣleti 3 va ɖo 6 ɖesiaɖe.
- Woléa ŋku ɖe elektrikŋusẽ, Urea, kple Creatinine ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ ŋu ɣleti 3 va ɖo 6 ɖesiaɖe.
- Woléa ŋku ɖe Calcium kple Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ ŋu ɣleti 6 va ɖo 12 ɖesiaɖe.
Nu Vevi Siwo Wotsɔna Yia Nu
Togbɔ be Lithium nye atike si ŋu ŋusẽ le ŋutɔ eye wòwɔa dɔ nyuie hã la, ebia be woaɖɔ ŋu ɖo geɖe wu le ezãɣi. Lithium ƒe aɖi nye kuxi si ate ŋu ade ame ƒe agbe afɔku me si ate ŋu ado mo ɖa le atikeawo nono wògbɔ eme le vo me alo tsikuɖiɖi le atikeawo zãm ta.
Taflatse bia wò ɖɔkta be nàdzro alesi nàxe mɔ ɖe Lithium ƒe aɖi nu me eye nàsrɔ̃ nuxlɔ̃amedzesi siwo ŋu wòle be nàlé ŋku ɖo. Le Nirogi Lanka la, míaƒe atikewɔlawo le afisia be yewoado alɔ wò eye yewoakpɔ egbɔ be yeƒe lãme sẽ. Mègahe ɖe megbe gbeɖe le nyabiabia me ne nya aɖe le fu ɖem na wò alo ɖikeke le ŋuwò o.
Ðo ŋku edzi be wò atikewo nono abe alesi wò ɖɔkta gblɔe ene pɛpɛpɛe nye afɔɖeɖe vevitɔ kekeake. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, kpɔ egbɔ be tsi le ye me nyuie le ŋkekea me katã.
