Aleke míesea nyae? To ƒe nukunu kple gbeɖiɖi ƒe mɔzɔzɔ (Mechanism of Hearing) .

Ètɔ hede ŋugble le alesi ha siwo míesena gbesiagbe, nya siwo míeƒona na mía xɔlɔ̃wo, xeviwo ƒe gbeɖiɖi viviwo, kple bubuawo, gena ɖe míaƒe to me eye míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ sea wo gɔmee ŋu kpɔa? Enye nuwɔna wɔnuku aɖe si gɔme sese sesẽ vavã. Ele abe akunyawɔwɔ ene! Eyata, egbea míele nu ƒom tso alesi míaƒe to xɔasiwo wɔa dɔe ŋu, le mɔ bɔbɔe aɖe ŋutɔ nu, abe alesi míagblɔe na xɔ̃wò ene.

Dɔ gã si ŋutinu sue si woyɔna be to wɔna

Woate ŋu ama míaƒe towo ɖe akpa vevi etɔ̃ me, abe alesi xɔ siwo le aƒe me ene. Woawoe nye:

1. To si le gota

2. Titina To

3. To Ememetɔ

Dɔ aɖe koŋ le akpa siawo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe si, esi gbeɖiɖi zɔa mɔ yia míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ me. Na míakpɔ ale si wòdzɔnae ɖa.

1. To gota: Agbo si dzi woato aƒo gbeɖiɖi

Ne èbu to ŋu la, nusi vaa susu me na wò gbãe nye akpa si wokpɔna le gota? Emae nye nusi míeyɔna be pinna (si woyɔna le atikewɔwɔ me be `(Pinna)`). Wotrɔ asi le pinna sia ƒe nɔnɔme ŋu pɛpɛpɛ be wòaƒo gbeɖiɖi ƒe ƒutsotsoe siwo tso nutoa me nu ƒu ahafia mɔ wo ayi to me. Ele abe dzesiwo nuƒoƒoƒu tso `Satellite Dish` me ene.

Bu eŋu kpɔ, ne èle nu ƒom na xɔ̃wò aɖe la, wò gbe ƒe gbeɖiɖi ƒutsotsoewo zɔna to yame eye wòƒoa ame si le to ɖom la ƒe tome heƒoa nu ƒu.

Emegbe gbeɖiɖi ƒe ƒutsotsoe siwo tomeka ƒoa ƒu la toa nu sue aɖe si le abe mɔ̃ ene si woyɔna be tomemɔ . Gbeɖiɖia zɔa mɔ to mɔ̃ sia dzi va ɖoa titinato ƒe gɔmedzedze. Nu suesuesue siwo le abe taɖa ene kple lãkusi siwo wɔa tomekawo le tomekaa me. Esiawo kpɔa to ta tso ke, nudzodzoe suewo, kple nu bubuwo me.

2. Titina To: Afisi wodoa gbeɖiɖi ɖe ŋgɔ le

Le tomemɔ̃a ƒe nuwuwu la, lãkusi tsɛ aɖe si le tsɛ ŋutɔ la le eme. Enye tomeka (alo `Tympanic Membrane`) si mí katã míenya. Ele abe kpẽ ƒe ŋutigbalẽ ene. Ne gbeɖiɖi ƒe ƒutsotsoe siwo tso egodo va ƒo tomeka sia la, edzea ʋuʋu gɔme .

Fifia dɔ ŋutɔŋutɔ dze egɔme. Ƒu suetɔ kekeake etɔ̃ siwo le míaƒe ŋutilã me la kpe ɖe to sia ŋu. Wole sue ŋutɔ, gake wowɔa dɔ gã aɖe. Woyɔa ƒu etɔ̃ siawo zi geɖe be `(Ossicles)`. Woƒe ŋkɔwoe nye:

• Malleus - Esia le abe akplɔ ene, si wotsɔ bla ɖe tomeka ŋu.
• Incus - Esia nye ƒu si le titina, si do ƒome kple tomeka kple tomeka.
• Stapes - Esia nye ƒu suetɔ kekeake le ŋutilã me. Eƒe nɔnɔme le abe sɔ ƒe afɔkpa ene.

Ne tomeʋuʋua ʋuʋu la, ʋuʋudedia zɔna yia ƒumeŋuɖuiawo gbɔ gbã, emegbe yia tomeƒuawo gbɔ, eye mlɔeba yia tomeƒuawo gbɔ. Ƒu etɔ̃ siawo do ƒome kple wo nɔewo, wowɔa dɔ abe lever-mɔ̃ sue aɖe ene, si naa ʋuʋudedi siwo tso tomeka me la dzina ɖe edzi .Woɖonɛ ɖe to ememetɔ me. Dodoɖeŋgɔ sia le vevie ŋutɔ, elabena tsi aɖe le to ememetɔ me. Be ʋuʋudedi siwo toa ya me nate ŋu ato tsi aɖe me la, ele be woasẽ.

Nu vevi bubu aɖe hã le titinato me. Emae nye Eustachian Tube . Esia nye mɔ̃ sue aɖe si wotsɔ do ka kple míaƒe ŋɔti ƒe megbe ko. Ðe nèse le ɖokuiwò me kpɔ be yeƒe towo le ɖiɖim ne èle to liam alo nèle yameʋu me, eye kasia nènyɔ kple ‘click’ ƒe gbeɖiɖi wɔnuku aɖea? Emae nye nusi Eustachian-tube sia wɔna ɣemaɣi. Ne míeʋu míaƒe nu hemi nu la, mɔ̃ sia ʋuna hetua be ya ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu si le tomeka ƒe akpa eveawo nasɔ. Ɣemaɣie tomeka te ŋu ʋuʋuna faa eye wòsɔ.

3. To Ememetɔ: Afisi wotrɔa gbeɖiɖi wòzua elektrikŋusẽ ƒe dzesiwo le

Stapes, si le titinato ƒe nuwuwu la, doa ka kple ŋutinu sue aɖe si le to ememetɔ si le abe ʋetsuvi ƒe go ene. Woyɔa esia be tomeka . Tsi tɔxɛ aɖe kple nu akpe geɖe siwo le sue ŋutɔ, siwo le abe taɖa ene, siwo woyɔna be ɖa ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo .

Ne ʋuʋudedi ƒe ƒutsotsoe siwo wodo ŋusẽ (`Vibrations`) tso titinato me to tsi si le to me la, woʋãa ɖa ƒe lãmenugbagbevi mawo. Abe alesi ko ne ƒutsotsoe aɖe to tsi me ene la, numiemie siwo le tsia me ʋãna. Ne ɖa ƒe lãmenugbagbevi siawo ʋã la, nu wɔnuku aɖe dzɔna: mɔ̃ ƒe ʋuʋu (`Mɔ̃ ƒe Ʋuʋu`) zua elektrikŋusẽ ƒe dzesiwo (`Elektrik Dzesiwo` alo `Lãmetsiŋusẽ`)!

Taɖa ƒe lãmenugbagbevi siwo le tomeka me la le etɔxɛ ŋutɔ. Woƒe didime le vovovo, abe safui siwo le piano dzi ene. Abe ale si ko safui ɖesiaɖe doa gbeɖiɖi vovovo ene la, ɖa ƒe lãmenugbagbevi siawo hã sea gbeɖiɖi vovovowo gɔme. Eyae nye be ƒuƒoƒo ɖeka wɔa nu ɖe ​​gbeɖiɖi sesẽwo ŋu (abe gbeɖiɖi si le ɣli dom ene) eye ƒuƒoƒo bubu wɔa nu ɖe ​​gbeɖiɖi siwo mekɔ o ŋu (abe kpẽ ƒe ɖiɖi ene). Ðe aɖaŋu sia mewɔ nuku oa?

Tsɔ kpe ɖe tosese ŋu la, akpa aɖe hã le to ememetɔ si kpɔa míaƒe dadasɔ dzi (`Vestibular System`). Gake esi míele nu ƒom tso nusese ŋu egbea ta la, míaƒo nu tso ema ŋu tsitotsito emegbe.

Gbeɖiɖi ƒe mɔzɔzɔ yi ahɔhɔ̃a kple eƒe gɔmesese

Fifia akpa vevitɔa va. Elektrikŋusẽ ƒe dzesi siwo ɖa ƒe lãmenugbagbevi mawo hena vɛ la yia míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ me tẽ to lãmeka tɔxɛ aɖe si woyɔna be `Toɖoɖo ƒe Lãmetsi` . Ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe dɔwɔƒe tɔxɛ aɖe le esi si woɖo ɖi na tosese (si nye `Auditory Cortex`).

Ahɔhɔ̃a dzroa elektrikŋusẽ ƒe dzesi siawo siwo gbɔna me eye wònaa ŋutete mí be míase nuwo abe, ‘Oo, danye ƒe gbee nye esia,’ ‘Ha si melɔ̃na wue nye esia,’ ‘Avu aɖe le ɣli dom le gota, nyemenya ne nane gblẽ o.’ Bu eŋu kpɔ, nusiawo katã dzɔna le sɛkɛnd ʋɛ aɖewo ko me, le ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe ko me!

Menye ema ɖeɖeko o, esi to eve le mía si ta la, ahɔhɔ̃a hã te ŋu dea dzesi mɔ si dzi gbeɖiɖi aɖe tso. Ekpɔnɛ nenye be gbeɖiɖia sesẽ vie alo fa vie le to ɖeka me.

Nukatae wòle vevie na mí be míase?

Esia menye nya wɔnuku aɖe si woagblɔ o.

• Dzeɖoɖo: Míeɖoa dze kple ame bubuwo eye míesea nya siwo wogblɔna gɔme to toɖoɖo me.
• Nusɔsrɔ̃: Toɖoɖo hiã vevie ne èle nu yeye aɖe srɔ̃m, eɖanye le suku alo dɔwɔƒe o.
• Vividodoɖeameŋu: Ha vivi aɖe sese naa dzi dzɔa wò, dzeɖoɖo si le sinima me vivina, eye wò dzi dzea eme to dzɔdzɔme ƒe gbeɖiɖi viviwo (xeviwo ƒe hadzidzi, tsitsetsewo) sese me nye toɖoɖo.
• Dedienɔnɔ: Ne míese ʋu aɖe ƒe ɖiɖi si le tetem ɖe eŋu esime míele mɔ dzi la, woɖea mí tso afɔku me, eye ne dzo bi le míaƒe aƒea me la, ``Dzo ƒe Ʋɔtru`` ƒe ɖiɖi xlɔ̃a nu mí. Le esiawo katã ta la, míaƒe towo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie le vevie ŋutɔ.

Aleke nàwɔ alé be na wò towoe?

Ele be míalé be na míaƒe to siwo xɔ asi ŋutɔ eye woƒe nyawo sesẽ ŋutɔ, alo? Ne míelé be na nu suesuesueawo la, míate ŋu ana míaƒe to nanɔ nyuie ɣeyiɣi didi.

• Ƒo asa na toɣliɖeɖe sesẽwo: Menyo be nàse haƒoƒo sesĩe alo ase toɖoɖomɔ̃wo le gbeɖiɖi sesẽtɔ kekeake me ɣeyiɣi didi o . Ne èle dɔ wɔm le teƒe siwo toɣliɖeɖe sɔ gbɔ ɖo, abe dɔwɔƒewo alo xɔtuƒewo ene la, do tometakpɔnu. Elabena ne míede toɣliɖeɖe sesẽwo me ɣeyiɣi didi la, ate ŋu agblẽ nu le ɖa ƒe lãmenugbagbevi siwo ŋu míeƒo nu tsoe la ŋu, si ana ame ƒe to nabu tegbee.
• Mègade nuwo wò to me o: Mègatsɔ nu ɖaɖɛwo abe ati, kotoku, safui, alo gavi de wò to me be nàkɔ wo ŋu o. Esia wɔwɔ ate ŋu atutu tomeka ɖe eme geɖe wu eye wòagblẽ nu le tomeka alo tomeka ŋu. Zi geɖe la, tomeka dona le eɖokui si. Ne vevesese sesẽ aɖe le ŋuwò alo nèse le ɖokuiwò me be yeƒe to xe la, yi ɖɔkta gbɔ hena aɖaŋuɖoɖo.
• Na wò towo naƒu: Ame aɖewo ateŋu axɔ dɔlékuiwo (e.g., Otitis Externa alo Swimmer's Ear) ne tsi ge ɖe woƒe to me esime wole tsi ƒum alo le tsi ƒum. Anyo wu be ame mawo nazã tomeka. Ne èle tsi vɔ la, tutu tomeka kple gota gome si ƒo xlã to la blewuu eye nàna wòaƒu.
• Kpɔ nyuie le to me dɔlékuiwo ŋu: Ne to me le veve sem, tsi le dodom tso wò to me, to me megasena nyuie o, wò towo ƒe ɖiɖi ɣesiaɣi (`tinnitus`), alo taɖuame le ŋuwò la, mègaŋe aɖaba ƒu wo dzi o. Kpɔ ɖɔkta enumake eye nàxɔ atike. Titinato ƒe dɔléle aɖewo (`Otitis Media`) ateŋu anye nu sesẽ ne womewɔ atike na wo nyuie o.
• Atikewɔwɔ nyuie: Atikewɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔme aɖewo abe Suklidɔ kple Ʋusɔgbɔdɔ ate ŋu agblẽ nu le tosese ŋu. Azɔ hã, atike aɖewo (Ototoxic drugs) ate ŋu agblẽ nu le to ŋu. Eya ta ne atikewɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔme mawo le ŋuwò la, lé ɖokuiwò ɖe te nyuie eye nàwɔ ɖe wò ɖɔkta ƒe mɔfiamewo dzi.

Kpuie ko la (Take-Home Message) .

Enyo, eyata míeƒo nu tso nu geɖe ŋu egbea, alo? Kpuie ko la, míaƒe towo nye ŋutinu si gɔme sese sesẽ ŋutɔ eye wòwɔa dɔ nukutɔe.

To gotatɔa ƒoa gbeɖiɖi ƒe ƒutsotsoewo nu ƒu, titinato doa ŋusẽe, wotrɔna zua elektrikŋusẽ ƒe dzesiwo le to ememetɔ me, eye wotsɔa wo toa tosese ƒe lãmeka dzi yia ahɔhɔ̃a me. Aleae míedea dzesi gbeɖiɖi vovovo siwo le xexe sia me, sea vivi na wo, eye míesea wo gɔmee.

Ðewohĩ èse alesi gbegbe ŋutete wɔnuku sia xɔ asi na mí le agbe me gɔme azɔ. Eyata lé be na wò towo eye nàkpɔ wo ta. Elabena, tosese nyuie le vevie ŋutɔ na agbe si me lãmesẽ le, si me dzidzɔ le. Ne nya bubu aɖewo gale asiwò ku ɖe esia ŋu la, mègavɔ̃ gbeɖe be yeaƒo nu kple ɖɔkta o.

To, Tosese, Tosese ƒe Mɔ̃