Aleke tututu nèwɔa dɔ na abi si dona tso wò asrãdɔa me? Mina míaƒo nu!

Ne asrã le ŋuwò la, ate ŋu asesẽ na wò be nàgbɔ ya ɣeaɖewoɣi. Wò akɔta ƒe ʋuʋu kple ʋuʋudedi nye asrã ƒe dzesi vevitɔwo. Nusi koŋ gbɔ esia tsonae nye wò yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo ƒe vuvu, alo nusi míeyɔna le atikewɔwɔ me be `dɔdzẽ` . Dzoxɔxɔ sia nana wò yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo xaxana eye ʋuʋudedi yɔa wo me fũ, si wɔnɛ be gbɔgbɔ sesẽna.

Ƒomedodo kae le asrã kple dɔdzẽ dome?

Ne asrã le ŋuwò la, ɖewohĩ ènya be dɔdzẽ sia nana wò yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo ƒe lãkusi vuvu eye wòdzia ​​ʋuʋudedi ɖe edzi. Bu eŋu abe tsi ƒe pɔmpi si xe, si wɔe be wòsesẽna be tsia nate ŋu ato eme ene. Dzoxɔxɔ sia nana wò yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo sea veve ŋutɔ. Emegbe, ne nu aɖewo (míeyɔa nusiawo be ``nu siwo ʋãa ame``) abe ke, dzudzɔ, kple lãwo ƒe ʋuʋudedi ge ɖe wò ŋutilã me la, woate ŋu ahe asrã vɛ kaba, si fia be asrã ƒe amedzidzedze .

Esia tae atike siwo tsia dzodzodzoetsitsi nu nye atike vevi aɖe na amesiwo ŋu asrã le ɖo. Wotɔa te dɔwɔwɔ si nana asrãdɔa nu sẽna. Kpuie ko la, wole abe tsi dede dzo me ene.

Nukawoe nye asrãdɔ ƒe atikewo?

Atike vovovowo li siwo woate ŋu azã atsɔ aɖu dɔdzẽ si dzɔna le asrãdɔ me dzi. Wo dometɔ vevitɔwoe nye:

• Corticosteroids siwo wodona ɖe gbɔgbɔtsixe me tẽ (míeyɔa esia be gbɔgbɔtsixetsixe).
• Wonaa systemic corticosteroids (siwo wonona abe atikekui ene alo wodoa wo ɖe ʋuka me) be woakpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe ŋutilã bliboa dzi.
• Gakpe ɖe eŋu la, atike siwo woyɔna be ``Mast cell stabilizers'' kple ``Leukotriene modifiers'' li. Esiawo kpena ɖe ame ŋu be woaɖe dɔdzẽ si ``Corticosteroids'' hena vɛ dzi akpɔtɔ.
• Atikewɔwɔ ƒe tiatia yeye enye ``Monoclonal antibodies'' alo ``biologic therapy''. Esiawo tɔa ŋku lãmenugbagbevi siwo kpɔa gome le dɔdzẽ me (``eosinophil cells'') tẽ.

Azɔ mina míaƒo nu tso atike siawo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe ŋu tsitotsito vie .

Corticosteroids Siwo Wogbɔna: Xɔlɔ̃ vevitɔe wònye na asrã dzi ɖuɖu!

Corticosteroid siwo wogbɔnae nye atike siwo wɔa dɔ nyuie wu siwo li be woaɖe abi kple ʋuʋudedi ƒe dodo le wò yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo me dzi akpɔtɔ . Zi geɖe la, atike sia ƒomevie nyea nu gbãtɔ si ɖɔkta aŋlɔ na asrãdɔ.

Viɖe kawoe le esiawo zazã me?

Viɖe geɖe le yagbɔgbɔmɔ̃ sia zazã nyuie me:

• Asrã ƒe dzesiwo kple eƒe dzodzo dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna.
• Wozãa beta agonists siwo wɔa dɔ kpuie, alo abe alesi míeyɔnae ene la , atike siwo naa gbɔdzɔe ame, alo xɔnamenuwo, le nɔnɔme kpatawo me eye woɖea zi nenie wòhiã be nàzã wo dzi kpɔtɔna.
• Wò lãkusi ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyona ɖe edzi.
• Alesi wòhiã be woayi xɔ siwo me wokpɔa dɔnɔwo gbɔ kpata le ahaxɔ wo ɖe kɔdzi la dzi aɖe akpɔtɔ.
• Le nusianu me la, woate ŋu aɖu asrã dzi nyuie.

Vevietɔ: Nu siawo nenɔ susu me na wò ne èle esiawo zãm!

Ele vevie be míade dzesii be ɖeko steroid siawo siwo wogbɔna xea mɔ na asrã ƒe dzesiwo, ke menye be woaɖe dzesi siwo li xoxo dzi akpɔtɔ o . Esia fia be ne èno wo ne asrãdɔ dze dziwò la, màkpɔ gbɔdzɔe enumake o. Ema tae reliever inhaler la le.

Ele be woazã ``controller`` inhaler sia (abe alesi míeyɔnae ene) gbesiagbe, abe alesi wò ɖɔkta gblɔe ene . Le ame aɖewo gome la, ate ŋu anye zi eve gbesiagbe, le ame bubuwo gome la, zi ɖeka gbesiagbe. Manyo be nàɖe nusiawo dzi akpɔtɔ alo adzudzɔ wo zazã ne mèƒo nu kple wò ɖɔkta o, eye nèsusu be yeƒe dzesiwo le nyonyom ɖe edzi o. Esia wɔwɔ ate ŋu ana wò asrãa nagagblẽ ɖe edzi.

Nukae nye no me corticosteroid siawo?

Corticosteroid ƒomevi vovovo geɖe siwo wogbɔna le asi me. Kpɔɖeŋu aɖewoe nye:

• ``Beclomethasone dipropionate (Qvar RediHaler®) ƒe atike si wotsɔna ƒoa ƒui''.
• `Budesonide (Pulmicort®; Symbicort®)`. (`(Symbicort®)` sia nye `(budesonide)` kple `(formoterol)` ƒe ƒuƒoƒo.)
• `Siklisonide (Alvesco® HFA)`
• `Fluticasone (Flovent® HFA; Advair® HFA kple diskus, Wixela® Inhub, AirDuo®)`. ( `(fluticasone)` kple `(salmeterol)` le esiawo me.)
• Fluticasone furoate (Arnuity® Ellipta; Breo® Ellipta; Trelegy® Ellipta) si wotsɔna ƒoa ƒui. (Fluticasone furoate kple beta agonist si wɔa dɔ ɣeyiɣi didi si woyɔna be vilanterol le Breo® me. Umeclidinium hã le Trelegy® me tsɔ kpe ɖe eve siawo ŋu.)
• ``Fluticasone propionate (ArmonAir® RespiClick) ƒe atike si wotsɔna ƒoa ƒui''.
• `Mometasone (Asmanex®, Dulera®) ƒe lãgbalẽgolo. (`(Dulera®)` me `(mometasone)` kpe ɖe `(formoterol)` ŋu.)

Aleke gbɔgbɔtsixetsixe siawo ƒomevi va dzɔnae?

``(inhaled corticosteroids)`` siawo le nɔnɔme vevi etɔ̃ me:

1. `(Metered Dose Inhaler - MDI)`: Esia nye esi le abe gaze sue aɖe ene, eye nèzãnɛ ɖe etame. Ne èle esia zãm la, anyo wu be nàzãe kple `(valved holding chamber)` alo `(spacer)` (nusi míeyɔna be 'intermediate chamber' le Sinhalagbe me). `(spacer)` sia kpena ɖe atike la ŋu wòyia lãkusi me tẽ, eye wòɖea atike si gena ɖe nu me kple ŋɔti me dzi kpɔtɔna. Esia le abe pɔmpi zazã ne wole tsi sisim tso tsigoe me ene.

2. `(Dry Powder Inhaler - DPI)`: Esia me atike la le le dry powder ƒe nɔnɔme me. Wozãnɛ to gbɔgbɔtsixe ƒoƒo ɖe eme me.

3. `(Nebulizer solutions)`: Esia va abe tsi ene. Wotsɔa mɔ̃ sue aɖe (`(nebulizer machine)`) tsɔa ya ƒua gbe eye wogbɔnɛ. Zi geɖe la, wozãa mɔnu sia na ɖevi suewo kple amesiwo ŋu asrã sesẽ le.

Ðe wòle be mavɔ̃ be mazã esiawoa? Ðe eƒe nugbegblẽ le ame ŋu aɖewo lia?

Corticosteroid siwo wogbɔna nye atike si le dedie ŋutɔ na ame tsitsiwo kple ɖeviwo siaa . Ƒã hafi eƒe nugbegblẽ le ame ŋu mebɔ o, vevietɔ ne wozãe le agbɔsɔsɔ sue aɖe me.

Gake ƒã hafi ne èzã wo le agbɔsɔsɔ gã me la, fungi dɔlékui aɖe ate ŋu adze nu me (thrush) , eye wò gbe ate ŋu atrɔ (azu gbeɖiɖi). Mɔxexe ɖe esia nu le bɔbɔe ŋutɔ. Ne èzã atike si wogbɔna ɣesiaɣi vɔ la , klɔ nu nyuie, nàɖe tsi, eye nàɖe atike la ado goe . Ne èzã MDI la, àte ŋu aɖe afɔku sia hã dzi akpɔtɔ to dometsotsomɔ̃ zazã me. Ne ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ dze dziwò le vo me la, woate ŋu atsɔ atike si tsia nu me si tsia fungi nu si wò ɖɔkta ŋlɔ na wò la adae bɔbɔe.

Aleke ɖɔkta naa nusiawo?

Wò ɖɔkta adze agbagba ɣesiaɣi be yeana atike sia ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ suetɔ kekeake si aɖu wò asrãdɔa dzi la wò. Ame geɖe vɔ̃na ne wose nya "steroids." Esia le alea elabena wose nu tso anabolic steroids, siwo kamedefefewɔlawo zãna tsɔ tua lãmeka ɖo ŋu. Gake steroid siwo wozãna na asrã mele nenema o . Wonye atike siwo tsia dzodzodzoetsitsi nu. Le nyateƒe me la, wo nono gbesiagbe ate ŋu akpe ɖe ŋuwò nàɖu wò asrãdɔa dzi.

Systemic Corticosteroids: Kpena ɖe ame ŋu na asrã sesẽ!

``Systemic corticosteroids`` siawo nye atike siwo wozãna tsɔ daa asrã sesẽ ƒe ɣeyiɣiwo. Wotsɔa wo naa abe atikekui alo tsi ene (``nu me``), alo wonaa wo ɖe ŋutilã me to ʋuka me (``intravenous - IV``).

Ɣekaɣie wonaa amesiawo?

Wozãa atike sia kpena ɖe atike bubuwo ŋu tsɔ léa asrã ƒe amedzidzedze siwo nu sẽna zi ɖeka nu, alo tsɔ daa asrã si nɔa anyi didi, si dzi ɖuɖu sesẽna.

Aleke amesiawo dzea dɔwɔwɔ gɔmee?

Steroid siwo wozãna ɖe ɖoɖo nu xɔa abe gaƒoƒo etɔ̃ ene hafi wodzea dɔwɔwɔ gɔme, eye wokpɔa nu nyuitɔ kekeake le gaƒoƒo ade va ɖo wuieve megbe. Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, wonaa wo le agbɔsɔsɔ gã me ŋkeke geɖe (si woyɔna be steroid burst), alo woɖea agbɔsɔsɔa dzi kpɔtɔna vivivi le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe (si woyɔna be steroid taper). Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, be woate ŋu aɖu wo dzi ɣeyiɣi didi la, woate ŋu ana wo le agbɔsɔsɔ sue aɖe me gbesiagbe alo ŋkeke eve ɖesiaɖe.

Nukae nye `(Systemic Steroids)` ƒomevi siawo?

``systemic steroids'' ƒomevi geɖewo li siwo wozãna zi geɖe (esiawo hã li abe ``generic'' products ene):

• `Kɔrtisone ƒe acetate`
• `Dexamethasone ƒe atike`
• `Tsi me dɔlékuiwutike (Cortef®)`
• `Methylprednisolone (Medrol®, Solu-Medrol®, Depo-medrol®)`
• `Prednisone (Deltasone®) ƒe atike si wotsɔna ƒoa ƒui`
• `Prednisolone (Prelone®, Pediapred®, Orapred®)`

Ðe wòle be míanya nu gbegblẽ siwo dona tso eme hãa?

Zi geɖe la, steroid siwo wozãna ɖe ɖoɖo nu ƒe nugbegblẽ le ame ŋu dzɔna ne wozãe ɣeyiɣi didi . Nusiwo dona tso eme siawo ate ŋu anye:

• Aklãdɔ.
• Kpekpeme ƒe dzidziɖedzi.
• Tɔtrɔ le seselelãme alo nuwɔna me.
• Dɔgbo ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie (e.g. gastritis).
• Ƒu ƒe gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ, ƒu ƒe gbagbã.
• Ŋku ƒe tɔtrɔ, le kpɔɖeŋu me ŋkudɔ (ŋku ƒe ʋuʋu ƒe dzidziɖedzi) alo ŋku ƒe ʋuʋu (ŋku ƒe alilikpo dodo).
• (Ðeviwo ƒe ŋkɔwo) tsitsi ƒe megbetsitsi.

Gake ɖo ŋku edzi be nugbegblẽ le ame ŋu siawo mebɔ kura o ne wozã wo ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe . Ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe koe wòle be nàzã wo ne wò asrãa nu sẽ ŋutɔ. Ne asrã si dzi womate ŋu aɖu o le ŋuwò eye wòhiã be nàzã steroid ɣeyiɣi didi aɖe la, ele be nàkpɔ aklãdɔdala alo nulɔdɔŋutinunyala gbɔ. Woate ŋu akpe ɖe ŋuwò nàtso nya me le atikewɔwɔ deŋgɔwo ŋu eye woaɖo wò ɖe eŋutinunyala bibi bubuwo gbɔ ne ehiã.

Leukotriene Modifiers: Kpekpeɖeŋu bubu!

Nukawoe nye esiawo? Aleke wowɔa dɔe?

Leukotrienes nye atike siwo nɔa míaƒe ŋutilã me le dzɔdzɔme nu. Wonana lãmeka siwo le míaƒe yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo me la me sẽna eye wodzia ʋuʋudedi ɖe edzi. Leukotriene ƒe tɔtrɔwo xea mɔ na leukotriene ƒe dɔwɔwɔ. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be atike siawo ate ŋu akpe ɖe ame ŋu be gbɔgbɔ nanyo ɖe edzi eye wòaɖe asrã ƒe dzesiwo dzi akpɔtɔ. Wova le kpe gbadzɛwo ƒe nɔnɔme me. Wonoa wo zi ɖeka alo zi eve gbesiagbe. Ðewohĩ àte ŋu aɖe asrãtike bubu siwo nèhiã la dzi akpɔtɔ.

Nukae nye `(Leukotriene Modifiers)` ƒe ƒomeviwo?

Atike siwo le hatsotso sia mee nye:

• `Montelukast (Ameɖekaɖeka®)`
• `Zafirlukast (Akɔtadzesi®)`
• `Zileuton (Zyflo®)`

Ðe eƒe nugbegblẽ le ame ŋu aɖewo lia?

Nusiwo wògblẽna le ame ŋu si bɔ wue nye taɖuame kple ʋuʋudedi. Leukotriene ƒe tɔtrɔwo ate ŋu awɔ dɔ kple atike bubu aɖewo hã (le kpɔɖeŋu me, asrãtike si nye theophylline kple ʋumenugbagbeviɣitike si nye warfarin). Eyata ele vevie be nàgblɔ atike siwo katã nèzãna la na wò ɖɔkta.

Monoclonal Antibodies - Biologic Therapy: Mɔkpɔkpɔ yeye na asrã sesẽ!

Monoclonal antibodies nye dɔlékuiwutike ƒomevi aɖe si wozãna tsɔ daa asrã sesẽ. Wowɔa dɔ to mɔxexe ɖe ŋutilãa ƒe ŋuɖoɖo ɖe nusiwo hea dɔdzẽ vɛ ŋu me. Wotɔa ŋku lãmenugbagbevi siwo nye míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe akpa aɖe, abe eosinophil lãmenugbagbeviwo ene, tẽ.

Atike siawo ƒomevi vovovowoe li. Wodoa wo abe atike si wodona ɖe ŋutigbalẽ te ene le ɖɔkta ƒe dɔwɔƒe, abe IV dodo ene le atikewɔƒe alo kɔdzi, alo wo dometɔ aɖewo nye esiwo woate ŋu ado na wo ɖokui le aƒeme. Zi geɖe la, wowɔa atike na amesiwo noa dɔlékuiwutike siawo kwasiɖa 2 va ɖo 8 ɖesiaɖe (le dɔlékuiwutikea nu). Ahiã be nànɔ aklãdɔdala alo nulɔdɔŋutinunyala ƒe dzikpɔkpɔ te ne èle atike siawo zãm.

Mast Cell Stabilizers: Atike Si Womezãna Ƒã O

Mast cell stabilizers wɔa dɔ to mɔxexe ɖe histamine kple dɔdzẽnu bubu siwo dona le mast cells me nu. Gake ƒã hafi wozãa esiawo tsɔ daa asrãdɔ.

Nusi dzi wòle be nàɖo ŋkui wu ɖesiaɖe!

Asrã nye yaƒoƒomɔ̃ siwo le wò lãkusi me ƒe dɔdzẽ si nɔa anyi didi (si fia be enɔa anyi ɖaa) . Ate ŋu anɔ abe dzobibi sue aɖe si nɔa eme ɣesiaɣi ene. Eyata ne èno atike siwo wò ɖɔkta ŋlɔ na wò la, àte ŋu aɖu wò asrãdɔa dzi nyuie eye wò lãkusi nanɔ lãmesẽ me le ɣeyiɣi didi aɖe megbe.

Ðo ŋku edzi be agbenɔnɔ kple asrã ate ŋu asesẽ, gake ne wowɔ atike nɛ nyuie la, àte ŋu anɔ agbe si sɔ, si me dzo le. Ðo dze kple wò ɖɔkta eye nàwɔ atikewɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖo si awɔ dɔ na wò nyuie wu. Enye mɔ nyuitɔ kekeake si dzi nàto agbɔ ya nyuie!

` Asrã, Dzoxɔxɔ, Yagbɔgbɔ, Corticosteroids, Atikewɔwɔ, Yagbɔgbɔdɔléle