You are now in the final stages of your pregnancy . There are only a few more weeks left before you can hold your little one in your arms. This is the third and final trimester of pregnancy. That is, from week 29 to week 40, or months 7, 8, and 9. This is a challenging, but also a beautiful time. Your body may feel a little tired. But don't worry, we will talk about everything.
What happens to your baby during this time?
Your baby is growing very quickly during these last three months. By the time you are due, a full-term baby is usually about 19-21 inches (48-53 cm) long and weighs between 6-9 pounds (2.7-4 kg).
This is when the baby starts to turn head down to make it easier to deliver. Around 36 weeks, the baby's head starts to move down toward your pelvic area. This is called "lightening." The baby stays in this head down position for the last two weeks.
Not only that, but many other very important things are happening during this time. The baby can now:
- Open your eyes and see.
- Listen to the sounds.
- Suck your thumb.
- Cry
- Smile.
The baby's brain continues to develop. The lungs and kidneys are fully mature. The body is gaining muscle mass and body fat is increasing to about 16%. The bones of the skull on top of the head are a little softer, which makes it easier to give birth . At this time, most babies have blue eyes, and their true color only comes out a few weeks after birth. The fingernails have grown all the way to the tips of the fingers. If it's a boy, the testes have descended into the scrotum.
During this time, a waxy white coating called `vernix caseosa` forms to protect the baby's skin. Also, the fine, downy hair on the baby's body (called `lanugo`) falls out and is almost completely gone by 40 weeks.
What changes are you feeling in your body and what are you doing about them?
Your body may be experiencing various discomforts during this time. These are the things that will happen as your baby grows. Let's take a look at what they are and what you can do about them.
| Difference / characteristic | Simple explanation and instructions |
|---|---|
| Stomach discomfort and pain | As the baby grows, there is less space in the abdomen. This can cause minor aches and pains. It can be difficult to turn to one side while sleeping at night. It can also feel a little difficult to breathe deeply. |
| Back pain | The increased weight puts pressure on the back. Pain can also occur as the ligaments in the groin area loosen in preparation for childbirth. Keep your back straight when sitting in a chair. Use a chair with good back support. When sleeping at night, turn on your side and put a pillow between your legs. Wear comfortable shoes with low heels. Applying a hot water bottle is also good. Be sure to ask your doctor before taking painkillers. |
| Minor bleeding | A little bleeding towards the end of pregnancy can sometimes be a sign that labor is about to begin. However, sometimes it can be a sign of something more serious. For example, a placenta previa or a placental abruption. So, if you have even a little bleeding, call your doctor right away. |
| Braxton-Hicks contractions | These are little contractions that come as if you're "practicing." They're like a "warm-up" that prepares your uterus for real labor pains. They're not as intense as real labor pains. But real labor pains come and go, and the time between contractions decreases. If your pain is very intense, or if it's continuous, talk to your doctor. |
| Breast enlargement and milky discharge | Your breasts may have grown by about 2 pounds by this time. Wear a supportive, loose-fitting bra. As you get closer to delivery, you may notice a yellowish fluid coming from your nipples. This is called "colostrum," which nourishes your baby for the first few days. |
| Frequent urination | The baby is getting bigger, and his head is pressing on your bladder. That's why you need to go to the bathroom more often. You may have to get up several times at night. You may also leak a little urine when you laugh or cough. This is normal. If you have burning or pain when urinating, it could be a sign of a urinary tract infection. If so, tell your doctor. |
| Swelling | Your legs may feel tight, your ankles and face may look swollen. This is because your body is retaining fluid. Keep your legs elevated when you sit. Keep a pillow under your legs when you sleep. However, if you suddenly develop unusual swelling, it could be a sign of a dangerous condition called preeclampsia, so seek medical advice immediately. |
Some other common differences
- Fatigue: The energy you had in the second trimester has diminished a bit and you may feel tired. Eat a well-balanced diet, do some light exercise , and sit down and rest when you feel tired.
- Feeling like you're being stoned and constipation: This condition is caused by the hormone `(Progesterone)`. Do not eat a large meal at once, but eat small meals several times a day. Reduce oily, spicy, and sour foods. For constipation, eat fiber-rich foods (fruits, vegetables) and drink plenty of water.
- Hemorrhoids: Swollen veins around the anus. Sitting in a bowl of hot water may provide relief. Ask your doctor before using any ointment.
- Sciatica: A type of nerve pain that runs from the back down the leg. This can be caused by pressure on the sciatic nerve as the baby grows. It usually goes away after the baby is born .
- Stretch marks: These can appear on the stomach, breasts, and buttocks. Not everyone gets them. If they do, they will gradually fade after the baby is born.
Remember, many of these things are normal. But if you have any discomfort that you can't handle, always talk to your doctor.
Warning signs that require immediate attention!
There are some symptoms that you should see your doctor immediately, rather than waiting until your next clinic visit. These could be a sign of something serious.
| Notify the doctor immediately! | |
|---|---|
| 🔴 | Severe stomach pain or cramps |
| 🔴 | Severe nausea or vomiting |
| 🔴 | Vaginal bleeding |
| 🔴 | Severe dizziness |
| 🔴 | Burning or pain when urinating |
| 🔴 | Sudden, rapid weight gain (more than 3 kg per month) or no weight gain |
| 🔴 | Water breaking (sudden rush of fluid) |
Are you expecting twins? Some special advice for you
If you are expecting twins, think about these things as well.
- Choosing a stroller: Is it better to go side-by-side or tandem? Go to the store and push both a bit to see which one is easier for you to use.
- Get advice on breastfeeding: Breastfeeding two babies is a challenge, but it's not impossible. Ask your doctor for advice on this in advance.
- Check your iron levels: Ask your doctor if you need to take iron pills. Mothers of twins are four times more likely to develop iron-deficiency anemia.
- Be aware of the symptoms of preeclampsia: The risk of this condition is higher when you are carrying twins. Tell your doctor immediately if you have headaches, blurred vision, or sudden weight gain.
- Find a support group: Find a group of mothers of twins in your area. You will find the support and advice they provide invaluable.
Take-Home Message
- The third trimester of pregnancy is the final, most beautiful, and somewhat challenging part of your journey. Be prepared for changes during this time.
- Back pain, frequent urination, and fatigue are common symptoms. Learn about simple ways to deal with them.
- Always be on the lookout for warning signs like severe pain, bleeding, and sudden swelling. If you notice anything like this , call your doctor immediately.
- Don't be afraid to talk to your doctor about any small questions or concerns you may have. Your safety and that of your baby are the most important thing.
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