Shin ya kamata mu kuma koyi game da 'Matsalar Perfusion', ba kawai matsin jinin da muke ji a jikinmu ba?

Wataƙila kun ji labarin 'hawan jini', ko ba haka ba? Amma a yau za mu yi magana game da wani abu mai mahimmanci iri ɗaya, amma wataƙila ba ku ji labarinsa sosai ba. Wannan shine 'Matsalar Perfusion'. A taƙaice dai, wannan shine matsin lambar da ake buƙata don tura jini zuwa sassa daban-daban na jikinmu yadda ya kamata. Sai lokacin da wannan matsin ya yi daidai ne gabobinmu za su iya karɓar iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki da suke buƙata.

Menene 'Matsalar Perfusion'? Bari mu fahimce shi a taƙaice.

Ka yi tunanin, domin a shayar da tsire-tsire a lambunka, akwai buƙatar samun matsi mai kyau a cikin bututun da ke fitowa daga famfon ruwa, ko ba haka ba? Hakazalika, domin muhimman gabobin jikinmu, wato zuciya, kwakwalwa, kodan, duk waɗannan, su sami iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki ta hanyar jini, dole ne a sami wannan abin da ake kira 'matsin perfusion'. A taƙaice dai, 'matsin perfusion' shine matsi mai ƙarfi da ake buƙata don samar da jini ga nama ko gabobi. Muddin wannan matsi ya isa, wannan gabobi zai karɓi adadin jini da ake buƙata. Shi ya sa wannan muhimmin ɓangare ne na tsarin jijiyoyinmu. Ka yi tunanin, me zai faru idan wannan matsi ya ragu a wasu wurare? A lokacin ne manyan matsaloli suka taso. Wannan raguwar matsi na iya zama haɗari, musamman a cikin zuciyarmu da kwakwalwarmu. Domin idan waɗannan gabobi ba su karɓi jini yadda ya kamata ba, zai iya haifar da mummunan yanayi, wani lokacin mai barazana ga rayuwa.

Ta yaya wannan 'matsin lamba na perfusion' yake aiki?

Zuciyarmu kamar famfo take. Tana aiki akai-akai, ko ba haka ba? Duk lokacin da zuciyarmu ke bugawa, tana tura ɗan jini daga zuciya ta aika shi zuwa tasoshin jini (jijiyoyin jini) a cikin jikinmu. Sannan wannan jinin yana tafiya daga jijiyoyin jini zuwa tasoshin jini. A nan ne ake musayar iskar oxygen a cikin jini da ƙwayoyin jikinmu. Idan aka gama wannan aikin, jinin da ke cikin tasoshin jini yana komawa zuwa zuciya ta cikin jijiyoyin jini. Wannan zagaye yana faruwa a kowace daƙiƙa da zuciya ke bugawa. Don haka domin wannan tsari ya yi aiki yadda ya kamata, abin da ake kira 'matsin lamba na perfusion' yana da mahimmanci.

Ta yaya za ka san ko wannan 'perfusion' yana tafiya daidai?

Gwaje-gwajen perfusion waɗanda ba sa shafar gabobin jiki galibi suna farawa da na'urar da ake kira pulse oximeter. Wataƙila kun gan ta, wani lokacin kuna sanya na'ura mai kama da clip a yatsanku don duba iskar oxygen da ke cikin jinin ku. Shi ke nan. Yana aika haske ja da infrared ta cikin fatar ku. Kwayoyin halittar da ke cikin jinin mu da ake kira hemoglobin suna ɗaukar iskar oxygen. Wannan haemoglobin yana ɗaukar haske ta hanyoyi daban-daban lokacin da yake ɗauke da iskar oxygen da kuma lokacin da ba shi ba. Ta amfani da wannan bambancin, pulse oximeter na iya ƙididdige adadin iskar oxygen da ke cikin jinin ku da kuma ko jini yana isa wani yanki yadda ya kamata. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan pulse oximeters kamar clip ne da kuka sanya a yatsan ku. Wasu suna zuwa da firikwensin da kuka manna a yatsan ku ko kuma wani wuri, kamar sitika. Wani lokaci ana iya haɗa wannan da kunne ko goshi.

To menene wannan 'Perfusion Index'?

Ma'aunin Perfusion Index (PI) ma'auni ne na yadda jini ke yawo a wani takamaiman yanki na jikinka. Yana auna adadin jinin da ke dauke da iskar oxygen a wannan yanki idan aka kwatanta da adadin jinin da ke dauke da iskar oxygen. Irin wannan karfin na'urar auna bugun jini (pulse oximeter) don auna adadin iskar oxygen a cikin jini shi ma yana taimakawa wajen auna Perfusion Index. Ta hanyar auna adadin iskar oxygen da haemoglobin ke dauke da shi, yana yiwuwa a auna adadin sabon jini (watau jini wanda har yanzu yana dauke da iskar oxygen) da ke gudana ta wannan yanki. Ma'aunin Perfusion Index hanya ce da ke amfani da wannan ka'ida don taimakawa likitoci su tantance da kuma magance wanda ba shi da lafiya. Ƙarancin ƙima yana nufin ko dai zuciyarka ba ta fitar da isasshen jini ba, ko kuma akwai wani abu da ke hana jini gudana yadda ya kamata zuwa sassan jikinka wadanda suka fi nisa da zuciyarka (kamar hannuwanka da kafafunka).

Mene ne bambanci tsakanin 'Perfusion Index' da 'Blood Pressure'?

Duk waɗannan ma'auni ne na yadda tsarin jijiyoyinmu ke aiki. Amma hanyoyin sun bambanta, kuma ba sa auna abu ɗaya.

• Fihirisar Perfusion: Wannan ma'auni ne na yawan jini da ke gudana ta wani yanki. Ƙaramin ƙima yana nuna ingantaccen kwararar jini . Ƙaramin ƙima na iya nuna matsala a zuciyarka ko jijiyoyin jini .
• Hawan Jini: Wannan yana auna matsin lamba a cikin jijiyoyin jininka, wanda aka auna a millimeters na mercury (mm/Hg). Akwai ƙimar sama da ƙasa. Matsakaicin ƙimar sama (matsin "Systolic") shine matsin lamba akan jijiyoyin jini duk lokacin da zuciya ta buga. Matsakaicin ƙimar (matsin " Diastolic" ) shine matsin lamba akan jijiyoyin jini tsakanin bugun zuciya biyu.

Muhimmi: Tunda waɗannan biyun suna auna abubuwa daban-daban, ba za ka iya ɗauka cewa ɗaya yana da kyau ɗayan kuma yana da kyau ba. Dukansu suna da mahimmanci.

Ta yaya 'matsin tsoka' ke aiki a cikin zuciyarka?

Zuciyarmu tsoka ce da ke buƙatar yin aiki akai-akai a tsawon rayuwarmu. Domin yin aikinta yadda ya kamata, zuciya tana buƙatar isasshen iskar oxygen akai-akai. Tana karɓar wannan daga jijiyoyin jini na musamman da ake kira jijiyoyin zuciya . Ka yi tunanin, zuciya tana amfani da tsakanin kashi 70% zuwa 80% na iskar oxygen da ke ratsa waɗannan jijiyoyin! Babu wata gabar jiki da ke amfani da iskar oxygen mai yawa.Matsi na Zuciya (CPP) shine abin da ke sa jini ya ratsa waɗannan jijiyoyin jini. Idan wannan matsin ya ragu, zuciya ba ta samun isasshen jini da iskar oxygen. Wannan na iya haifar da matsaloli masu barazana ga rayuwa.

Ta yaya kuke samun wannan?

Ba a amfani da na'urar auna bugun zuciya (pulse oximetry) don auna matsin lamba na zuciya (CPP) ba. Don auna wannan, likitoci suna ɗaukar wasu ma'auni guda biyu kuma suna amfani da su don ƙididdige matsin lamba na zuciya. Ana iya ɗaukar waɗannan ma'auni ko dai ta hanyar echocardiography (duba zuciya) ko ta hanyar catheterization na zuciya ( gwaji wanda aka saka bututu mai siriri a cikin zuciya). Ma'aunai guda biyu sune: 1. Matsin Zuciya na Aortic Diastolic: Wannan shine matsin lamba a cikin aorta (mafi girman jijiyoyin jini wanda ke ɗaukar jini daga zuciya zuwa sauran jiki) tsakanin bugun zuciya. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar auna 'hawan jini' na yau da kullun. Wannan shine ƙasan lamba ('hawan jini') na hawan jini . 2. 'Hagu na Ventricular End-Diastolic Pressure' (LVEDP): Wannan shine matsin lamba a cikin ventricle na hagu, ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan ɗakuna biyu na zuciya, tsakanin bugun zuciya biyu. Yanzu an gano wannan 'matsin zuciya na perfusion' (CPP) kamar haka: 'Matsayin Diastolic na Aortic' - 'Matsayin Hagu na Ventricular Ƙarshen Diastolic' = 'Matsayin Perfusion na Coronary'

To ta yaya wannan 'matsin lamba na perfusion' ke shafar kwakwalwa?

Bayan zuciya, wata babbar gaɓar da ke buƙatar iskar oxygen ita ce kwakwalwarmu. Matsi na CPP (Cerebral Perfusion Pressure) ita ce abin da ke tabbatar da cewa jini yana gudana cikin sauƙi zuwa dukkan sassan kwakwalwa. Idan kwakwalwa ba ta sami isasshen jini ba, za ka iya rasa sani cikin 'yan daƙiƙa kaɗan. Wannan shine muhimmancinsa.

Ta yaya kuke samun wannan?

Ana kuma buƙatar gwaje-gwaje guda biyu don ƙididdige 'matsin jini na kwakwalwa' (CPP) na kwakwalwa. 1. Hawan Jini: Da farko, ana auna 'hawan jini'. Sannan, likitoci suna ƙididdige 'Matsakaicin Matsin Jini' (MAP) . Wannan MAP shine matsakaicin matsin lamba a cikin jijiyoyinku a lokacin zagayowar zuciya ɗaya (lokacin da zuciyarku ke yin sanyi da hutawa). An ƙididdige wannan MAP kamar haka:

• Ka ninka ƙasan adadin 'hawan jini' (`hawan jini' diastolic) da biyu.
• Ƙara ƙimar da ke sama (matsi na 'Systolic') zuwa amsar da ka samu.
• Haɗa su duka sannan a raba ƙimar da aka samu da 3. (MAP = [Systolic BP + (2 x Diastolic BP)] / 3)

2. Matsi a Cikin Kwanya (ICP): Intracranial yana nufin "cikin kwanyar." Tsakanin kwakwalwarmu da ƙashin kwanyarmu akwai ruwan cerebrospinal (CSF).Akwai ruwa da ake kira matsin lamba a cikin kwakwalwa. Wannan ICP shine jimlar matsin lamba a cikin kwanyar da ke faruwa sakamakon kwakwalwarka, jinin da ke cikinta, da kuma ruwan CSF. Akwai hanyoyi na musamman don auna wannan, kuma wani lokacin dole ne ka saka kayan aiki mai laushi a cikin kwanyar. Yanzu, ana samun 'matsin lamba na kwakwalwa' (CPP) kamar haka: 'Matsakaicin Matsin Jijiyoyi' (MAP) - 'Matsakaicin Matsin Zuciya' (ICP) = 'Matsakaicin Matsin Zuciya' (CPP)

Waɗanne cututtuka ne ake yawan samu sakamakon matsalolin da suka shafi "matsin tsokar jiki"?

Babbar matsalar da ke faruwa idan babu isasshen 'matsin jini' a ko'ina a jikinka ana kiranta 'ischemia' . Wannan yana nufin cewa yankin ba ya samun isasshen jini, don haka ba ya samun isasshen iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki. Idan wannan 'ischemia' ya faru a hannu ko ƙafa, kyallen da ke wannan yankin na iya fara mutuwa. Wannan na iya haifar da abubuwa kamar 'gangrene' (ruɓewar nama) da kamuwa da cuta. Idan wannan ya shafi babban gabobi, wannan gabobi na iya fara lalacewa a hankali, wanda ke haifar da matsaloli mafi tsanani, har ma da masu kisa. Ga wasu daga cikin yanayin da matsalolin 'matsin jini' za su iya haifarwa ko kuma suna da alaƙa da su:

• Ciwon zuciya
• Matsalar Zuciya
• Cutar jijiyoyin zuciya
• bugun jini
• Girgizar Zuciya
• Cirewar iskar oxygen a kwakwalwa (lalacewar kwakwalwa sakamakon rashin isashshen iskar oxygen a kwakwalwa)
• Ciwon zuciya (atherosclerosis)
• Ciwon ƙafa da ƙafa
• Cutar Raynaud (rage yawan jini zuwa gaɓoɓi)

Me zan iya yi don kiyaye "matsin tsokar jikina" a matakin aminci?

"Matsayin perfusion" ɗinka, musamman a cikin zuciyarka da kwakwalwarka, yawanci ba matsala ba ce sai dai idan kana da wata cuta ta musamman da ta shafi zuciyarka da tsarin jijiyoyin jini. Duk da haka, za ka iya yin waɗannan abubuwan don hana ko jinkirta ci gaban waɗannan cututtuka:

• Kiyaye nauyin da ya dace. Ba shi da kyau a yi girma ko kuma a yi siriri sosai.
• Ku ci abinci mai kyau. Ku ci abinci mai ƙarancin mai, gishiri, da sukari, da kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu.
• A daina amfani da kayayyakin taba (gami da taba da kuma shan taba ba tare da hayaki ba). Waɗannan suna haifar da mummunar illa ga jijiyoyin jini.

"Ka yi tunani a kai, rayuwa mai kyau kamar kula da jikinmu ne. Kamar kula da mota don kiyaye ta cikin koshin lafiya, muna buƙatar kula da jikinmu sosai."

Hanya mafi kyau ta gano duk wata matsala da ka iya shafar 'matsin lamba na perfusion' ita ce a yi gwajin jiki na shekara-shekara.Ana kuma kiran wannan 'duba lafiyar jiki'. Da gwaje-gwaje masu sauƙi da aka yi a lokacin da likitanka ya gayyace ka, sau da yawa za ka iya gano matsaloli masu tsanani kafin ma ka nuna alamun cutar. Idan ka kamu da su da wuri, za ka iya samun magani ka daina lalacewa ta dindindin ko kuma rage tasirinsu. Idan kana da wata cuta da ke shafar 'matsin jini na perfusion', ka tabbata ka ga likita akai-akai don sa ido kan yanayinka kuma ka sami magani idan ya cancanta. Haka kuma, ka bi umarnin likitanka kuma ka sha magungunanka kamar yadda aka rubuta. Idan kana da tambayoyi ko kana buƙatar taimako, likitanka shine mafi kyawun mutumin da za ka yi magana da shi.

Saƙon Ƙarshe na Ɗauka Gida

Matsin jini yana da mahimmanci ga kowane ɓangare na jikinmu, kowace gabobi, don yin aiki yadda ya kamata. Ba tare da wannan 'perfusion' ba, jini ba ya zuwa duk wuraren da yake buƙata. Wannan rashin kwararar jini na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako akan lokaci, ko ma haifar da matsaloli masu haɗari ga rayuwa. Idan kuna son ƙarin koyo game da wannan 'perfusion pressure' da kuma yadda yake shafar ku, tabbatar da yin magana da likita. Su ne mafi kyawun mutane don gaya muku ainihin abin da kuke buƙata da abin da kuke buƙatar yi don kula da kanku. Sannan za ku iya kula da lafiyarku kuma ku ɓatar da lokaci akan abubuwan da suka fi mahimmanci a gare ku. Babu abin da ya fi daraja fiye da kasancewa cikin koshin lafiya, ko ba haka ba?

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Matsin jini, hawan jini, lafiyar zuciya, lafiyar kwakwalwa, zagayawar jini, iskar oxygen, lafiya