Duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da ƙimar ALP a cikin rahoton jinin ku (Alkaline Phosphatase - ALP)

Shin kun taɓa yin gwajin jini, kun ɗauki rahoton, kun duba haruffa da lambobi a kai, kuka yi tunani, "Menene wannan?" Daga cikin haruffa da yawa kamar ALT, AST, da GGT, wataƙila kun ga ƙima da ake kira "ALP." Mutane da yawa suna ɗan damuwa idan suka ga wannan. Don haka, a yau za mu yi magana game da abin da wannan Alkaline Phosphatase, ko ALP a takaice, yake nufi, abin da yake nema a cikin wannan gwajin, da abin da muke buƙatar sani lokacin da ƙimarsa ta canza.

Menene ainihin ALP?

A taƙaice dai, Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) wani enzyme ne da ake samu a cikin jikinmu. Enzyme wani nau'in furotin ne na musamman da ake samu a cikin ƙwayoyin halittarmu. Kamar injin da ke aiki da sauri a masana'anta, waɗannan enzymes suna taimakawa da kuma hanzarta hanyoyin sinadarai daban-daban a jikinmu. Akwai dubban waɗannan enzymes a jikinmu.

Duk da cewa likitoci sun shafe shekaru suna binciken cutar ALP, har yanzu ba su san cikakken bayani game da ainihin aikinta ba. Duk da haka, an gano cewa tana da hannu a cikin muhimman ayyuka da yawa a jiki.

Idan ana maganar ALP, sau da yawa ana kiransa da "enzyme na hanta." Dalilin haka shine yawancin ALP yana samuwa a cikin hanta. Amma ba wai kawai a cikin hanta ba ne. Ana samunsa a wasu wurare ma.

• Bututun bile naka: Bututun da ke ɗauke da bile da hanta ke samarwa zuwa gallbladder, inda ake adana shi.
• A cikin ƙasusuwanku: Wannan yana nufin a cikin ƙasusuwanku.
• A cikin koda.
• Hanji.
• Mahaifa na uwaye masu juna biyu.

Don haka, idan matakin ALP a cikin jininka ya yi yawa ko ƙasa sosai, to alama ce da ke nuna cewa akwai wani lahani ko canji a wani tsari a cikin ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan gabobin.

Menene gwajin jini na ALP?

Gwajin jini na ALP yana auna adadin ALP a cikin jininka. Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, kodayake ana samun ALP a ko'ina cikin jiki, manyan hanyoyin ALP guda biyu da ke taruwa a cikin jini sune hanta da ƙashi. Saboda haka, idan matakin ALP a cikin jini ya ƙaru, yana iya zama alamar cutar hanta ko cutar ƙashi. Amma ku tuna, gwajin ALP kaɗai ba zai iya gano wata cuta ba.

Akwai manyan nau'ikan gwaje-gwajen ALP guda biyu.

1. Gwajin ALP na yau da kullun: Wannan ita ce gwajin da aka fi yi. Yawanci, idan likita ya nemi ka yi `Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)` ko `Liver Panel (LFT)`, wanda ke duba hanta, tabbas zai haɗa da ƙimar ALP.

2. Gwajin isoenzyme na ALP:Wannan gwaji ne na musamman. Gwajin ALP na yau da kullun yana gaya maka adadin ALP da ke cikin jininka kawai. Amma wannan gwajin isoenzyme zai iya gaya maka daidai ko yawan ALP da ke cikin jininka yana fitowa ne daga hanta, ƙashi, ko wani wuri. Idan matakin ALP ɗinka ya yi yawa sosai, likitanka zai iya yin odar wannan gwajin don gano ainihin dalilin. Amma yana da ɗan rikitarwa kuma yana da tsada, don haka ba duk dakunan gwaje-gwaje ne ke yin sa ba.

Me yasa muke buƙatar wannan gwajin ALP?

Akwai dalilai da yawa da yasa likitanka zai iya yin odar gwajin ALP.

• Dubawa: Wani lokaci, ko da babu alamun cutar, ana duba ALP a matsayin wani ɓangare na rahoton binciken CMP ko LFT na yau da kullun don samun haske game da wata matsala a cikin hanta ko wani wuri kafin alamun su bayyana.
• Kulawa: Idan kana da cutar hanta ko ƙashi, ana amfani da wannan gwajin don lura ko yanayin yana inganta, ko kuma yana ci gaba da kasancewa iri ɗaya, ko kuma yana ƙara muni idan aka yi magani.
• A matsayin taimako wajen gano cutar: Idan kana da alamun da suka shafi cutar hanta ko ƙashi, gwajin ALP muhimmin ɓangare ne na tsarin ganewar cutar.

Alamomin da za su iya sa likita ya yi la'akari da gwajin ALP

Idan kana da alamun da ke ƙasa, likitanka zai iya tura ka don yin wannan gwajin.

Me ke faruwa kafin da kuma lokacin gwajin jini?

Idan likitanka ya gaya maka ka yi wannan gwajin ALP a matsayin wani ɓangare na CMP, za ka buƙaci yin azumi na kimanin awanni 10-12. Amma za ka iya shan ruwa. Duk da haka, idan aka nemi ka yi gwajin jini, likitanka zai ba ka takamaiman umarni kan abin da za ka yi kafin a yi. Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ka bi waɗannan umarnin.

Waɗannan su ne abubuwan da galibi ke faruwa idan aka ɗauki jini.

1. Za a zaunar da kai a kan kujera, kuma ma'aikacin jinya ko jami'in lafiya zai sami jijiyar da ta dace a hannunka don ɗaukar jini daga ciki. Wannan yawanci yana cikin gwiwar hannunka.

2. Bayan gano jijiyar, tsaftace wurin sosai da wani abu kamar shafa barasa.

3. Sannan, za a saka ƙaramin allura a cikin jijiyar sannan a ɗauki samfurin jini. A wannan lokacin, za ku iya jin ɗan cizo, kamar ƙaramar tururuwa ta cije ku.

4. Bayan tattara adadin jinin da ake buƙata don gwajin a cikin bututu, cire allurar sannan a danna wurin da aka ɗauki jinin da auduga.

5. Da zarar zubar jini ya tsaya, sai a shafa ƙaramin siminti a wurin sannan a gama aikin.

Duk aikin zai ɗauki ƙasa da mintuna biyar. Akwai ɗan ciwo da ƙuraje a inda aka ɗauki jinin. Amma hakan zai ɓace cikin kwana ɗaya ko biyu.

Yaya ka fahimci abubuwan da ke cikin rahoton?

Galibi za ka iya samun rahoton cikin kwana ɗaya ko biyu. Rahoton ya ƙunshi bayanai kamar haka:

• Sunan gwajin (misali Alkaline Phosphatase).
• Sakamakonka (ƙimar ALP a cikin jininka).
• Matsakaicin iyaka.
• Ko darajarka ta al'ada ce, babba ce, ko ƙasa.

Matsakaicin da aka yarda da shi gabaɗaya shine raka'o'in ƙasa da ƙasa 44 zuwa 147 a kowace lita (44 zuwa 147 IU/L). Duk da haka, a wasu wurare ana ɗaukar wannan a matsayin IU/L 30 zuwa 120.

Hakanan, ƙimar ALP na yau da kullun sun bambanta dangane da shekaru da jinsi.

• Yara da matasa: Yara da matasa suna da matakan ALP masu yawa a dabi'ance saboda ƙasusuwansu suna girma.
• Tsakanin shekaru 15-50: Maza suna da ɗan ƙaramin matakin ALP fiye da mata.
• Tare da tsufa: Matakan ALP suna ƙaruwa kaɗan yayin da muke tsufa.
• A lokacin daukar ciki: Ya zama ruwan dare ga mata masu juna biyu su sami karuwar matakan ALP saboda ana samar da ALP a cikin mahaifa.
• Lokacin da karyewar ƙashi ta warke: Lokacin da ƙashi ya karye, matakan ALP na iya ƙaruwa yayin da ƙwayoyin ƙashi ke aiki yayin da yake warkewa.

Menene ma'anar ƙaruwar ALP?

Idan matakin ALP ɗinka ya yi yawa, abu ne da ya dace ka ji ɗan damuwa. Duk da haka, abu na farko da za a tuna shi ne cewa matakin ALP mai ɗan girma ba koyaushe yake nuna wata mummunar cuta ba. Likitanka zai iya yanke shawarar kada ya sake yin wani gwaji kuma kawai ya sake sa ido kan matakin ALP ɗinka na ɗan lokaci.

Duk da haka, yawan ALP yana nuna cewa hanta ta lalace ko kuma cutar ƙashi. Idan rahotonka ya nuna cewa ALP ya ƙaru, likitanka zai iya yin odar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje (misali, gwaje-gwajen isoenzyme, gwajin hanta) don gano musabbabin.

Manyan dalilan da yasa ALP zai iya ƙaruwa za a iya raba su zuwa rukuni biyu.

Dalilan da ke da alaƙa da hanta da hanyoyin bile

• Ciwon hanta (cholestasis) a lokacin daukar ciki: Ciwon hanta wanda zai iya faruwa a lokacin da ake daukar ciki na ƙarshe.
• Ciwon hanta: Lalacewar hanta ta dindindin tana faruwa ne lokacin da ƙwayoyin hanta suka mutu aka maye gurbinsu da tabo.
• Hepatitis: Kumburin hanta. Wannan na iya faruwa ne sakamakon ƙwayoyin cuta, barasa, ko wasu dalilai.
• Toshewar bututun bile: Toshewar bututun da ke ɗauke da bile daga hanta saboda duwatsun gallstone, ciwon daji, ko wasu dalilai.
• Mononucleosis: Wanda aka fi sani da "cutar sumba," wannan kamuwa da cuta ta kwayar cuta na iya haifar da kumburin hanta a wasu lokutan.

Dalilan da suka shafi ƙashi (kwarangwal)

• Cutar ƙashi ta Paget: Wani yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba wanda ƙasusuwa ke karyewa su sake girma ba tare da an saba gani ba.
• Ciwon daji na Osteogenic: Nau'in ciwon daji da ke farawa daga ƙashi.
• Ciwon ƙashi: Ciwon daji daga wani wuri, kamar nono ko huhu, yana yaɗuwa zuwa ƙasusuwa.
• Hyperparathyroidism: Ƙara yawan sinadarin calcium a cikin jini sakamakon yawan fitar da hormones daga glandar parathyroid.
• Hyperthyroidism: Yawan samar da hormones ta glandar thyroid.
• Osteomalacia: Yanayi ne da ƙashi ke yin rauni da karyewa cikin sauƙi saboda rashin sinadarin bitamin D. Idan hakan ta faru ga yara, muna kiransa Rickets.
• Karyewar da ke warkarwa.

Mene ne zai iya haifar da ƙarancin matakan ALP?

Yana da wuya matakan ALP su yi ƙasa sosai, amma akwai dalilai da yawa da suka sa hakan ya faru.

• Rashin abinci mai gina jiki: Rashin samun isassun sinadarai masu gina jiki da jiki ke buƙata.
• Rashin sinadarin zinc.
• Rashin sinadarin magnesium.
• Rashin aikin thyroid: Rage aikin glandar thyroid.
• Cututtukan gado masu wuya: Yanayi masu wuya kamar "Hypophosphatasia" da "Wilson disease".

Shin ya kamata in damu idan matakin ALP dina ya yi yawa ko ƙasa?

Kimanin mutum ɗaya cikin mutane 20 masu lafiya na iya samun sakamakon gwaji a wajen adadin da aka saba. Wasu dalilai kuma na iya shafar ƙimar ALP.

• Wasu magunguna: Wasu magunguna, kamar magungunan hana haihuwa.
• Abincinka.
• Ciki.
• Shekaru: Kamar yadda muka tattauna a baya, darajar yaran da suka girma tana da yawa.
• Kuskure da ke faruwa yayin tattarawa, jigilar jini, ko gwajin samfurin jinin.

Saboda haka, likitanka ba zai taɓa yanke shawara bisa ga ƙimar ALP kawai ba. Zai yi la'akari da duk waɗannan:

• Cikakken tarihin lafiyarka.
• Wadanne magunguna kake sha a halin yanzu?
• Yaya girman ko ƙasa da ƙimar ALP ɗinku yake.
• Sakamakon wasu gwaje-gwajen da aka duba tare da ALP (misali ALT, GGT, Bilirubin).
• Kana da wata alama?

Idan aka haɗa duk waɗannan abubuwa wuri ɗaya, za a tantance ko kuna buƙatar ƙarin gwaji ko magani.