Kun san cewa muna da hanyoyin jini da ke yaɗuwa a jikinmu. Waɗannan kamar hanyoyi ne da ke ratsa ƙasa. Wasu kamar manyan hanyoyi ne, wasu kuma kamar ƙananan hanyoyi ne. Amma a cikin wannan tsarin jijiyoyin jini, yawancin mutane suna da ɗaya kawai, ɗan na musamman, kuma wata muhimmiyar jijiyar jini. A yau muna magana ne game da wannan jijiyar da yawancin mutane ba su taɓa jin labarinta ba, ana kiranta jijiyar Azygos.
A taƙaice dai, menene Jijiyoyin Azygos?
Ka yi tunanin wannan babbar jijiyar ce da ke ratsa gefen dama na ƙirjinka, kusa da kashin bayanka. A takaice dai, tana cikin ramin ƙirjinka (thorax). Wannan jijiyar tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a tsarin zagayawar jini a jikinmu.
Babban aikinsa shine tattara jinin da ya ƙare daga iskar oxygen, ko kuma jini mai "datti" daga bayan ƙirjinka da cikinka sannan ya kai shi zuciya. Kafin ya tafi zuciya, ana tattara wannan jinin a cikin superior vena cava, ɗaya daga cikin manyan jijiyoyin jikinmu. Daga nan, jinin yana tafiya zuwa atrium na dama na zuciya. Bayan ya tafi zuciya, jinin yana sake cika da iskar oxygen, "an tsaftace shi" kuma yana fara zagayawa cikin jiki.
Tsarin jijiyoyin azygos babban labari ne!
Wannan jijiyar Azygos ba jijiyar ɗaya ba ce. Kamar kan dukkan tsarin ne `(tsarin jijiyoyin azygous)`. Akwai wasu ƙananan jijiyoyin da dama a cikin wannan tsarin. Abu mafi mahimmanci game da wannan tsarin shine yana aiki azaman ƙarin haɗi, ko hanyar 'wucewa', tsakanin manyan jijiyoyin jikinmu guda biyu, `ƙasashen vena cava` (babban jijiyar da ke ɗauke da jini daga ƙasa) da kuma `babban jijiyar da ke ɗauke da jini daga ɓangaren sama).
Ka yi tunanin cewa manyan hanyoyin biyu da ke kaiwa Colombo sun toshe ta hanyar zirga-zirga. Yaya zai kasance da amfani idan akwai wata hanyar wucewa da motoci za su yi amfani da ita? Haka wannan tsarin yake. Idan ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan manyan jijiyoyin jini guda biyu ya toshe ko ya toshe ta wata hanya, jini zai iya kwarara zuwa zuciya ta wannan tsarin Azygos. A fannin magani, muna kiran wannan "anastomosis" da "anastomosis".
Bari mu dubi sauran manyan mambobi biyu na wannan tsarin.
| Sunan jijiya | Bayani mai sauƙi |
|---|---|
| Jijiya mai laushi (hemiazygos ligament) | Yana farawa ne daga cikin sararin da ke tsakanin haƙarƙarinka, yana ratsawa zuwa gefen hagu na kashin bayanka, sannan daga ƙarshe ya shiga cikin jijiyar azygos. |
| Jijiyoyin Hemiazygos | Ana samun wannan ta hanyar haɗa wasu ƙananan jijiyoyin jini da dama, kamar jijiyoyin da ke cikin kashin baya da kuma jijiyoyin da ke ƙarƙashin haƙarƙari. Wannan jijiyar kuma daga ƙarshe tana tattara jini zuwa cikin jijiyar Azygos. |
A taƙaice dai, waɗannan ƙananan jijiyoyin guda biyu kamar ƙananan koguna ne guda biyu. Duk waɗannan koguna suna gudana suna haɗuwa zuwa babban kogi mai suna Azygos. Sannan wannan babban kogi ya tafi ya haɗu zuwa babban teku mai suna 'superior vena cava'.
Ta yaya wannan jijiyar ta bambanta da sauran jijiyoyin?
Ga abin da ya fi muhimmanci. Yawanci, jijiyoyin jikinmu suna cikin nau'i biyu . Wannan yana nufin idan akwai jijiyar a gefen dama, akwai kuma ɗaya a gefen hagu. Amma tsarin jijiyar azygos ya ɗan bambanta. Yawancin mutane suna da jijiyar azygos ɗaya kawai a gefen dama. Shi kaɗai ne. Amma da wuya, wasu mutane za su iya samun jijiyar azygos guda biyu yayin da suke girma a cikin mahaifar uwa. Wannan yanayi ne na yau da kullun.
To yaya girman wannan?
Wannan jijiya yawanci tana da diamita kusan santimita 1. A taƙaice dai, girman batirin AAA ne da muke amfani da shi a cikin fitilun lantarki da na'urorin sarrafawa na nesa.
Da me aka yi wannan jijiyar?
Kamar sauran jijiyoyin jini, wannan kamar bututu ne mai sassauƙa wanda aka yi da bango mai layuka uku.
- Mafi girman matakin ciki: Wannan ya ƙunshi wani nau'in ƙwayar halitta da ake kira ƙwayoyin endothelial. Waɗannan suna samar da sinadarai waɗanda ke taimaka wa jijiyoyin jini su yi ƙunci da faɗaɗa.
- Tsaki na tsakiya: Wannan an yi shi ne da tsoka mai santsi. Wannan yana ba da damar jijiyoyin su zama masu sassauci sosai.
- Mafi girman Layer: Wannan ya ƙunshi kyallen haɗin gwiwa da ake kira `(collagen)` da `(elastin).` Wannan yana ba da ƙarfi da sassaucin jijiya.
Wadanne matsaloli da yanayi ne ke shafar jijiyoyin azygos?
Yawanci, ba kasafai muke samun matsala da wannan jijiya a rayuwarmu ta yau da kullun ba. Duk da haka, akwai wasu lokuta da za a iya lalata ta ko kuma aikinta zai iya canzawa.
1. Faɗaɗa ko kumburin jijiyar: Idan kwararar jini ta toshe saboda wani nau'in ƙaruwar hawan jini ko toshewar jijiyar a cikin jijiyar, jijiyar azygos na iya faɗaɗa ko kumbura.
2. Raunin Jiki: A cikin manyan haɗurra, musammanWannan jijiyar na iya lalacewa ko kuma ta fashe a yanayi kamar haɗarin mota, faɗuwa daga tsayi, ko kuma bugu mai tsanani a ƙirji yayin da ake wasanni. Wannan yanayi ne mai matuƙar haɗari.
3. Lalacewa yayin tiyata: Wasu tiyatar thoracic na iya lalata wannan jijiyar. Haka kuma, matsaloli daga na'urori kamar na'urorin bugun zuciya da aka dasa a zuciya na iya shafar wannan jijiyar.
A irin waɗannan yanayi, hawan jini a cikin jijiyoyin na iya ƙaruwa ko raguwa sosai.
Gwaje-gwaje don gano ko akwai matsala
Idan likitanka yana zargin akwai matsala da wannan jijiya, zai iya ba da shawarar gwaje-gwaje daban-daban don tabbatar da hakan.
| Sunan gwajin | Me ke faruwa? |
|---|---|
| Arteriogram ko Venogram | Ana allurar fenti na musamman a cikin jijiyoyin jini sannan a ɗauki hotunan X-ray. Wannan yana ba da damar jinin ya gudana a sarari. |
| X-ray na ƙirji | Wannan zai iya ba ku ra'ayi mai zurfi idan akwai babban bambanci a siffar ko girman jijiyar. |
| CT scan | Wannan yana ba da damar samun ƙarin cikakkun bayanai, hotuna masu girma uku na gabobin jiki da jijiyoyin da ke cikin ƙirji. |
| Duban MRI (MRI) | Wannan yana ba da damar nuna kyalli na kyallen jiki da jijiyoyin jiki a sarari. |
Yaya ake magance lalacewa?
Idan wannan jijiyar ta lalace sakamakon wani haɗari ko wani dalili kuma ta fara zubar jini, likitoci za su ɗauki mataki nan take. Suna iya buƙatar buɗe ƙirji su yi aikin tiyata (thoracotomy) don rage matsin lamba a ƙirji da kuma cire jinin da ya taru.
Wasu mutane ana haihuwarsu da wasu nakasa da aka haifa a wannan jijiya. Irin waɗannan mutanen na iya fuskantar haɗarin kamuwa da cututtuka da suka shafi saifa ko cututtukan zuciya da aka haifa a lokacin haihuwa. Duk da haka, waɗannan ba kasafai ake samun su ba.
Me za ka iya yi don kiyaye lafiyar tsarin jijiyoyinka?
Waɗannan halaye za su taimaka maka sosai wajen kiyaye lafiyar jijiyoyin azygos, har ma da dukkan tsarin jijiyoyinka.
- Ku ci abinci mai gina jiki mai kyau. Ku rage cin abinci mai yawan mai, gishiri, da sukari gwargwadon iko.
- Motsa jiki akai-akai. Ko da wani abu mai sauƙi kamar tafiya na minti 30 a rana ya isa.
- Sha isasshen ruwa. Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a sha aƙalla lita 2-3 na ruwa a rana.
- Idan kana da hawan jini, ka kula da shi sosai. Ka sha maganin da likitanka ya rubuta maka akan lokaci.
- Idan kana shan taba, ka daina yau. Shan taba shine babban barnar da za ka iya yi wa jijiyoyinka.
Jijiyoyin azygos jarumi ne mai shiru amma mai matuƙar muhimmanci a jikinmu. Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi game da shi, ko kuma idan kuna da wata damuwa game da lafiyarku, mutumin da ya fi dacewa ku yi magana da shi shine likitan iyali.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Jijiyar azygos babbar jijiya ce da ke gudana a gefen dama na ƙirjinka, kusa da kashin bayanka.
- Babban aikinsa shine ɗaukar jinin da ba shi da iskar oxygen daga bayan ƙirji da ciki zuwa zuciya.
- Idan babban jijiyar ta toshe, wannan tsarin jijiyar yana aiki a matsayin ƙarin hanya (wucewa) don jini ya gudana.
- Wannan jijiyar na iya lalacewa a cikin manyan haɗurra, don haka yana da mahimmanci a nemi shawarar likita game da duk wani mummunan bugu da aka yi wa ƙirji.
- Bin tsarin rayuwa mai kyau shine hanya mafi kyau don kiyaye lafiyar dukkan jijiyoyin jikinka.
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