Shin jijiyar zuciya za ta iya sake toshewa bayan an sanya stent? (In-Stent Restenosis)

Shin kai ko wani da ka sani an sanya stent a cikin jijiyar zuciya? Bayan irin wannan magani, sau da yawa muna tunanin cewa yanzu an magance matsalar gaba ɗaya, cewa jijiyar zuciya ba za ta sake toshewa ba. Duk da haka, wani lokacin, ƙaramin toshewa ko ƙuntatawa na iya sake faruwa a daidai wurin da aka sanya stent ɗin, wato, a cikin ɓangaren jijiyar da aka yi wa magani. Wannan shine abin da likitoci ke kira 'In-Stent Restenosis'. Kodayake sunan na iya yin kama da ɗan rikitarwa, a zahiri abu ne mai sauƙi. Bari mu yi magana game da wannan dalla-dalla, a cikin Sinhala wanda za ku iya fahimta.

Da farko, bari mu fahimci waɗannan kalmomin, ko ba haka ba?

Kafin mu yi magana game da 'in-stent restenosis', bari mu fahimci wasu kalmomi. Sannan zai fi bayyana a gare ku.

Menene 'Stenosis'?

A taƙaice dai, 'stenosis' wani kunkuntar ko kuma raguwar jijiyoyin jini ne a jikinmu. Ka yi tunanin cewa da zarar lokaci ya yi, datti da tsatsa suna taruwa a cikin bututun ruwa, suna toshe kwararar ruwa.

To, menene cutar jijiyoyin zuciya (CAD)?

Zuciyarmu tana buƙatar jini don yin aiki. Manyan jijiyoyin da ke samar da ita ana kiransu jijiyoyin zuciya. CAD shine lokacin da ma'adanai masu kitse da ake kira plaque suka taru a cikin ɗaya ko fiye na jijiyoyin zuciya, suna rage jijiyoyin. Wannan kuma ana kiransa atherosclerosis. Wasu mutane kuma suna kiransa "ƙarfafa jijiyoyin jini." Wannan tarin kitse yana faruwa a hankali, kuma bazai nuna wata alama ba da farko. Amma idan ba a yi magani ba, zai iya haifar da mummunan yanayi kamar bugun zuciya da gazawar zuciya.

Menene 'Angioplasty' da 'Stent'?

Ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin da likitoci ke amfani da su don buɗe jijiyoyin zuciya da suka toshe saboda CAD shine angioplasty. Wani lokaci kuma ana kiransa percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A cikin wannan, ana saka siririn bututu (catheter) ta cikin ƙaramin rami a cikin fata zuwa cikin jijiyar da ta toshe. Ana hura ƙaramin na'ura mai kama da balan-balan a ƙarshen bututun, yana faɗaɗa jijiyar da ta toshe. Sannan, don hana jijiyar sake rugujewa da kuma kiyaye jini yana gudana yadda ya kamata, ana sanya ƙaramin bututun raga - wannan shine abin da ake amfani da shi don stent - a cikin jijiyar da ta faɗaɗa. Sannan, jini yana gudana cikin sauƙi.

To, yanzu menene wannan 'In-Stent Restenosis'?

Yanzu kun fahimci dalilin da yasa da kuma yadda ake sanya stent. Bayan an sanya stent kuma jinin ya dawo a cikin jijiyar zuciya, wani lokacin jijiyar tana fara raguwa daidai inda aka sanya stent, wato, a cikin stent. Shi ya sa muke kiransa 'In-Stent Restenosis'. 'Re' yana nufin "sake", kuma 'stenosis' yana nufin "ragewa". Don haka, wannan yana nufin "ragewa a cikin stent".

Yaya wannan ciwon ya zama ruwan dare?

Yanzu za ka iya mamakin ko wannan wani abu ne daban ga duk wanda ke samun stents.A'a, wannan ba ya faruwa ga duk wanda ke da stent. Amma, a zahiri, kusan mutum 1 cikin 4 da ke da stent suna da ɗan damar kamuwa da wannan yanayin da ake kira 'In-Stent Restenosis'. Wannan yawanci yana faruwa ne cikin watanni uku zuwa shida bayan an sanya stent ɗin.

Muhimmi: Idan aka yi maka tiyatar balan-balan ba tare da an yi maka tiyatar stenting ba, haɗarin sake kamuwa da cutar restenosis ya fi yawa. Kimanin mutane 4 cikin 10 za su sake toshe jijiyarsu.

Me yasa ake samun 'in-stent restenosis'?

Tambaya ce mai ban sha'awa ƙwarai. Bayan an sanya stent, jikinmu yana ƙoƙarin "warkar da shi". Wato, sabon Layer na ƙwayoyin halitta (wani "sabon layi") yana tsiro a kan stent, yana sa cikin jijiyar ya sake santsi. Wannan a zahiri abu ne mai kyau, domin a lokacin jinin zai iya gudana cikin sauƙi ba tare da ɗigon jini ba.

Duk da haka, wani lokacin, a ƙarƙashin wannan sabon Layer na ƙwayoyin halitta, a kusa da stent, ɗan tabo mai yawa yana tsiro. Lokacin da wannan tabon ya yi girma da yawa, rufin ciki na jijiyar yana kauri, yana rage kwararar jini kuma. Wannan shine babban dalilin 'In-Stent Restenosis'.

Ka tuna, wannan yawanci yana faruwa ne cikin watanni uku zuwa shida bayan an yi masa tiyata. Bayan haka, haɗarin kamuwa da tabo a cikin kyallen ya yi yawa kuma ya toshe jijiyar.

Wanene ke cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar 'in-stent restenosis'?

Ko da yake duk wanda aka sanya masa stent don CAD zai iya kamuwa da wannan yanayin da ake kira 'In-Stent Restenosis', wasu mutane suna cikin haɗarin ɗan girma. Bari mu kalli su waye:

• Ga mutanen da ke da yawan sinadarin cholesterol a jini. (Wannan shine abin da ke haifar da cututtukan zuciya da yawa!)
• Ga waɗanda ke fama da cutar koda .
• Ga waɗanda ke shan taba. (Wannan tabbas wani abu ne da ya kamata ku daina yi!)
• Ga waɗanda ke fama da ciwon suga da ba a sarrafa shi sosai ba.
• Ga waɗanda ke fama da hawan jini ba tare da tsari ba (hauhawar jini).

Idan kana da irin waɗannan cututtuka, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ka yi magana da likitanka ka kuma shawo kansu.

Mene ne alamun 'in-stent restenosis'?

A mafi yawan lokuta, mutanen da ke fama da "In-Stent Restenosis" ba sa nuna wata alama ta zahiri. Shi ya sa yana da matukar muhimmanci a ga likitanka akai-akai kuma a yi gwaje-gwajen da suka dace bayan an sanya stent.

Duk da haka, wasu mutane na iya kamuwa da alamun. Idan sun yi, alamun suna kama da na CAD da suka riga suka bayyana. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:

• Jin zafi, matsewa, ko rashin jin daɗi a ƙirji. Muna kiran wannan "angina." Wannan ciwon ƙirji na iya ƙara muni lokacin da kake motsa jiki, hawa matakala, ko kuma ka ɗan gaji.
• Gumi mai sanyi.
• Jin jiri, rashin jin daɗi, ko jin suma.
• Gajiya da rauni mai yawa.
• Jin bugun zuciya mara kyau ('Bugun zuciya').
• Tashin zuciya.
• Rashin numfashi, wani lokacin ma idan ana tafiya a ɗan gajeren lokaci.
• Jin zafi a kafada ko hannu (musamman hannun hagu).

Idan kana da waɗannan alamomin, ya kamata ka ga likita ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba.

Ta yaya ake gano cutar 'in-stent restenosis'?

Kamar yadda na faɗa a baya, tunda "In-Stent Restenosis" ba koyaushe yake nuna alamun cutar ba, yana da mahimmanci a ga likitanka akai-akai bayan an sanya stent. Sannan, ana iya yin gwaje-gwajen da suka dace.

Idan kuna da alamun cutar, likitanku zai iya ba da shawarar gwaje-gwaje kamar haka:

• Gwajin damuwa na motsa jiki : Wannan gwajin yana auna yadda zuciyarka ke fitar da jini da kuma duba canje-canje a cikin ECG ɗinka yayin da kake tafiya a kan na'urar motsa jiki ko hawa keke.
• Katifar zuciya da kuma angiogram : Ana yin wannan kafin a sanya stent ɗin. Ana iya sake yin hakan don ganin ko akwai toshewa a cikin stent ɗin.
• Gwajin kwayar halittar zuciya (Copired Hypogram ) (CCTA): Wannan yayi kama da na'urar daukar hoton CT. Ana saka wani fenti na musamman a cikin zuciya don ƙirƙirar hotunan 3D na jijiyoyin zuciya.
• Rage kwararar jini (FFR): Ana iya yin hakan a lokaci guda da angiogram. Ana saka waya ta musamman a cikin jijiyar kuma ana auna hawan jini a ɓangarorin biyu na toshewar don ganin yadda toshewar take da tsanani.
• Duban dan tayi a cikin jijiyoyin jini (IVUS): Haka kuma ana iya yin hakan a lokaci guda da gwajin angiogram. Ana saka ƙaramin na'urar duban dan tayi cikin jijiyar, wanda hakan ke ba da damar ganin ciki da bangon jijiyar a sarari.

Menene maganin 'in-stent restenosis'?

Likitanka zai tantance mafi kyawun maganin da ya dace da kai dangane da tsananin In-Stent Restenosis ɗinka, wato, yadda jijiyarka ta yi guntu, da kuma lafiyarka gaba ɗaya. Zai iya haɗawa da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan magunguna:

• Magani: Domin magance alamun kamar angina da In-Stent Restenosis ke haifarwa, ana iya ƙara yawan magungunan da ake amfani da su a yanzu ko kuma a ƙara sabbin magunguna.
• Maimaita angioplasty: Ana sake faɗaɗa jijiyar da ta toshe da balan-balan, wani lokacin kuma ana saka wani stent. Wani lokaci ana iya amfani da balan-balan da aka shafa wa magani.
• Tiyatar kewaye zuciya:Wannan kuma ana kiransa da 'Coronary artery bypass grafting' ko 'CABG'. Wannan ƙaramin tiyata ne. Abin da kake yi shi ne ƙirƙirar sabuwar hanya don jini ya gudana a kusa da wurin da aka toshe. Wato, za ka ɗauki wani yanki na jijiyar daga wani ɓangare na jikinka (kamar ƙafarka, ƙirjinka) ka haɗa shi da wurin da aka toshe da kuma baya.
• Maganin Brachytherapy na Jijiyoyin Jijiyoyi: Wannan magani ne daban-daban. Kamar maganin radiation da ake amfani da shi don kashe ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, wannan ya ƙunshi ba da ɗan ƙaramin adadin radiation na ɗan gajeren lokaci ga stent don dakatar da ƙwayar tabo daga girma. Wannan kuma ana kiransa maganin coronary brachytherapy.

Akwai hanyoyin da za a hana 'in-stent restenosis'?

Eh, labari mai daɗi shine za a iya rage haɗarin "In-Stent Restenosis". Ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin yin hakan shine ta hanyar amfani da stents masu fitar da magunguna (`DES`).

Waɗannan 'DES' sun bambanta da stents na ƙarfe marasa sirara (BMS). Suna da siraran maganin a kansu. Da zarar an saka stent ɗin a cikin jijiya, ana sakin maganin a hankali, yana sarrafa samuwar tabo nama da girman ƙwayoyin halitta.

Shekaru da suka wuce, an yi magana game da haɗarin toshewar jini tare da waɗannan 'DES'. Duk da haka, sabon ƙarni na stents masu fitar da magunguna yana da aminci sosai kuma yana da tasiri sosai. Lokacin amfani da waɗannan 'DES', haɗarin 'In-Stent Restenosis' yana raguwa sosai. A takaice dai, 'Ƙasa da mutum 1 cikin 10' ke kamuwa da 'In-Stent Restenosis'.

Saboda haka, idan za a sanya maka stent, yi magana da likitanka don yanke shawara kan nau'in stent ɗin da ya fi dacewa da kai.

Menene hasashen mutumin da ke fama da 'in-stent restenosis'?

Idan ka kamu da "In-Stent Restenosis", za ka iya fuskantar wasu yanayi na zuciya da ka iya barazana ga rayuwa, kamar "unstable angina", "acute coronary syndrome", da "heart attacks".

Abin farin ciki, waɗannan haɗarin sun ragu sosai bayan zuwan sabbin ƙwayoyin cuta (musamman DES) da ingantattun dabarun sanya stent. Bugu da ƙari, yanzu akwai magunguna masu inganci don In-Stent Restenosis.

Idan kana da CAD, ya kamata ka bi umarnin likitanka daidai don hana In-Stent Restenosis da kuma kare zuciyarka gaba ɗaya. Wannan yana nufin:

• Rage yawan gishirin da kake sha kuma ka sha magungunan da likitanka ya rubuta maka (musamman waɗanda ke rage hawan jini, cholesterol, da kuma toshewar jini) daidai kuma akan lokaci.
• Ka rage shan giya. Idan kana da jarabar shan giya, nemi taimako don shawo kanta.
• Abinci mai lafiya ga zuciyaKu ci "abinci mai kyau ga zuciya." Ku rage cin mai, sukari, da gari, sannan ku ƙara yawan kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, da abinci mai wadataccen fiber.
• Ka kula da nau'ikan kitse da kake ci. Rage cin abincin da ke ɗauke da kitse mai yawa da kuma mai trans (abinci mai sauri, abinci mai soyayye, abinci mai kunshe da kitse) gwargwadon iyawa.
• Kiyaye nauyin da ya dace. Ki yi motsa jiki kowace rana.
• Idan kana da ciwon suga, ka kula da shi sosai.
• Idan kana shan taba, yi ƙoƙarin daina shan taba a yau. Akwai hanyoyin samun taimako.

Yaushe ya kamata in kira likita?

Idan kana tunanin kana da ciwon zuciya (alamomi kamar tsananin ciwon ƙirji, ƙarancin numfashi, gumi), kira Hukumar Kula da Motocin Ambulan ta Suwaseriya ta 1990 nan take.

Idan an sanya maka stent a baya kuma waɗannan alamun sun sake dawowa, tuntuɓi likitan zuciyarka nan da nan:

• Ciwon ƙirji (angina), matsewa, matsi, ciwo a hannu ko kafada.
• Gumi mai sanyi.
• Wahalar numfashi, shaƙar numfashi.
• Gajiya ko rauni mai yawa ba tare da wani dalili ba.

Me ya kamata in tambayi likitana?

Idan ka haɗu da likita, za ka iya yin tambayoyi kamar waɗannan don samun fahimtar yanayinka sosai:

• Me ya sa na kamu da wannan "restenosis"? Menene abubuwan da ke haifar da haɗarin kamuwa da shi?
• Zan iya sake samun restenosis? Me ya kamata in yi don hana shi?
• Wane irin salon rayuwa ya kamata in bi don kare zuciyata?
• Waɗanne alamun rikitarwa ya kamata in kula da su?
• Menene mafi kyawun magani a gare ni?

A ƙarshe, abin da za a tuna (Saƙon Ɗauka Gida)

To, abin da ya fi muhimmanci da ya kamata ka tuna daga abin da muka tattauna shi ne wannan. Angioplasty da stenting su ne magunguna biyu mafi mahimmanci kuma masu ceton rai ga cututtukan zuciya. Waɗannan jiyya suna inganta kwararar jini zuwa zuciyarka, suna rage alamun CAD, da kuma inganta rayuwarka.

Amma, idan alamu kamar gajiya, ciwon ƙirji, da kuma ƙarancin numfashi suka sake bayyana bayan an sanya stent, hakan na iya zama alamar "In-Stent Restenosis ". Idan hakan ta faru, kada ka firgita ko jinkirtawa, amma tabbas ka tuntuɓi likitanka don neman shawara.

Abin farin ciki, sabbin magungunan hana shan miyagun ƙwayoyi da ake da su a yau sun rage haɗarin kamuwa da In-Stent Restenosis sosai. Akwai kuma magunguna masu kyau don wannan. Ya fi kyau ka yi magana da likitanka game da irin maganin da ya dace da kai. Ka kula da zuciyarka!

Stents , in-stent restenosis, cututtukan zuciya, angioplasty, cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya, cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya, bugun zuciya