Shin kun tuna lokacin da ya canza rayuwarmu
gaba ɗaya, wanda ya dakatar da duniya baki ɗaya ba zato ba tsammani? Haka ne, ina magana ne game da annobar
COVID-19 . Wannan kalmar "corona" yanzu ta zama wani ɓangare na rayuwarmu. Amma menene ainihin wannan
cutar coronavirus ? Shin wani abu ne da ya shigo duniya ba zato ba tsammani? Ko kuma yana da tarihi? A yau za mu yi magana game da wannan a sauƙaƙe, ta hanyar da za ku iya fahimta.
Menene ainihin wannan dangin coronavirus?
Mutane da yawa suna tunanin cewa cutar coronavirus cuta ce guda ɗaya. Amma ba haka bane gaskiya.
Cutar coronavirus tarin ƙwayoyin cuta ne da suka kasance cikin iyali ɗaya. Kamar yadda akwai mutane daban-daban a cikin iyalanmu, akwai nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban a cikin wannan dangin coronavirus. Wasu ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin wannan iyali suna haifar da ƙananan cututtuka kamar
mura da muke samu. Akwai wasu ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda
ke kamuwa da dabbobi kawai kamar jemagu, raƙuma, da shanu. Don haka, daga wannan babban iyali ne kwayar cutar da ke haifar da COVID-19, kwayar cutar da ake kira
SARS-CoV-2 , ta bayyana. Masana kimiyya sun fara gano cutar coronavirus da za ta iya kamuwa da mutane
a shekarar 1965. Ta haifar da mura. Daga baya, an gano ƙarin nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta kamar wannan. Lokacin da aka duba su a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa, waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta suna da ƙwanƙwasa a saman su waɗanda suka yi kama da kambi, don haka aka sanya musu suna "corona," bisa ga kalmar Latin da ke nufin "kambi."
Manyan cututtukan coronavirus da suka gabaci COVID-19
Ko kafin annobar COVID-19, manyan cututtukan coronavirus guda biyu da ke haifar da cututtuka masu tsanani ga mutane suna yaɗuwa a faɗin duniya. Bari mu ɗan ƙara bayani game da su.
| Kwayar cuta da cuta | Shekara da wurin fitowarta | Muhimman bayanai |
|---|
| SARS (Ciwon Numfashi Mai Tsanani) | 2002, Kudancin China | Ya bazu zuwa ƙasashe 28. Mutane sama da 8,000 sun kamu da cutar kuma 774 sun mutu. Zazzabi, ciwon kai, tari, da wahalar numfashi su ne manyan alamomin. |
| MERS (Ciwon Numfashi na Gabas ta Tsakiya) | 2012, Saudiyya | Duk da cewa cutar SARS ba ta yaɗuwa sosai, adadin mace-macen ya fi yawa. Mutane 2,500 sun kamu da cutar kuma 858 sun mutu. Baya ga matsalolin numfashi, matsalar koda ta faru. |
Ana kyautata zaton cewa waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta guda biyu sun fara tashi zuwa ga mutane daga dabbobi (musamman jemagu).
Ta yaya labarin COVID-19 ya fara?
Yanzu bari mu ci gaba zuwa ga babban ƙalubalen lafiya na zamaninmu, COVID-19. A ƙarshen shekarar 2019, an sami rahotannin kamuwa da cutar huhu da dama ba tare da an san musabbabinta ba a birnin Wuhan, China. Suna da alamun kamar zazzabi da wahalar numfashi. Da farko, an yi tunanin cewa ta fara ne a "kasuwar danshi" a Wuhan. Wannan wuri ne da ake sayar da kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa sabo, da kuma nama daga dabbobi daban-daban. Amma bayan wani lokaci, an gano cewa wannan cuta ma tana yaɗuwa ga mutanen da ba su da alaƙa da wannan kasuwar.
Wannan yana nufin cewa kwayar cutar ta yi tsalle daga dabba zuwa mutum, sannan daga mutum zuwa mutum, cikin sauri. Menene ra'ayoyinku game da asalin COVID-19?
Har yanzu babu tabbas 100% game da yadda kwayar cutar COVID-19 ta samo asali. Duk da haka, akwai manyan ka'idoji guda biyu: 1.
Yaɗuwar cutar daga dabba zuwa mutum: Kamar SARS da MERS, ana kyautata zaton kwayar cutar ta samo asali ne daga dabba ta halitta (mai yiwuwa jemage) sannan ta yaɗu zuwa ga mutane ta hanyar dabba mai shiga tsakani. 2.
Yaɗuwar cutar daga dakin gwaje-gwaje: An saki kwayar cutar da ake nazari a kanta a dakin gwaje-gwaje don wani bincike ba da gangan ba. Babu isassun shaidu don tabbatar da ko musanta ɗayan waɗannan ka'idoji. Duk da haka, yawancin rahotannin leƙen asiri sun nuna cewa
ba a ƙera ta ta hanyar kwayoyin halitta ko kuma an ƙirƙira ta a matsayin makamin halitta ba .
Me yasa ake kiran wannan da COVID-19?
Wannan kuma matsala ce ga mutane da yawa.
- An sanya wa kwayar cutar suna SARS-CoV-2 (Mai tsanani da kuma tsananin numfashi Coronavirus 2). An sanya mata suna ne saboda tana kama da kwayar cutar SARS da ta bulla a shekarar 2002. Ana sanya wa kwayar cutar suna ne bisa ga tsarin kwayoyin halittarta.
- Sunan cutar: COVID-19. Wannan kalma ce ta ƙarshe. CO rona VI rus D isase na 2019. Wannan yana nufin cutar coronavirus da aka gano a shekarar 2019.
Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a lura cewa ba daidai ba ne a kira wannan cuta "mura ta Wuhan" ko "ƙwayar cutar China". Amfani da irin waɗannan kalmomin ya haifar da kalaman ƙiyayya da cin zarafi ga mutanen Asiya a duk faɗin duniya. Duk muna buƙatar daina danganta kowace cuta da kowace kabila ko ƙasa.
A ranar 11 ga Maris, 2020, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta ayyana yanayin COVID-19
a matsayin annoba a hukumance. Ba tare da ambaton yadda rayuwarmu ta canza ba tun daga lokacin.
Waɗanne darussa ya kamata mu koya?
Annobar COVID-19 ta koya mana abubuwa da yawa. Mafi mahimmanci daga cikinsu shine cewa annoba ba wai kawai batun lafiya ba ce, har ma batun zamantakewa, tattalin arziki, da kuma tunani. Mun kuma koyi yadda kimiyya da bayanai masu inganci suke da muhimmanci. Idan kuna da wata shakka game da wata alama, mafi kyawun abin da za ku yi shi ne tuntuɓar
likitanku ko likitanku maimakon yin imani da duk abin da kuka samu a intanet. Za su ba ku jagora mai kyau.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Coronavirus ba kwayar cuta ɗaya ba ce, amma babban iyali ne na ƙwayoyin cuta. Wani memba na wannan iyali, wato SARS-CoV-2, ne ke haifar da COVID-19.
- Kafin COVID-19, manyan cututtukan coronavirus kamar SARS da MERS suma sun bazu ko'ina cikin duniya.
- Har yanzu ba a san asalin cutar COVID-19 ba. Ko ta fito ne daga dabba ko kuma ta yaɗu a dakin gwaje-gwaje har yanzu abin tambaya ne.
- Kada a taɓa danganta cuta da wata ƙabila, ƙabila, ko ƙasa. Ba daidai ba ne kuma ba ta da ɗabi'a.
- A koyaushe a nemi shawarar likita mai ƙwarewa don samun sahihan bayanai game da matsalolin lafiya.
Coronavirus, COVID-19, annoba, SARS-CoV-2, tarihin ƙwayar cuta, SARS, MERS
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