Wanene "Shugaba" na kwakwalwarka? Bari mu yi magana game da Frontal Lobe (Frontal Lobe)

Shin kun taɓa tunanin shawarwarin da kuke yankewa kowace rana, halayenku, halayenku, yadda kuke fushi, yadda kuke jin daɗi... wanene babban mai tsara duk wannan? Kamar Shugaba na babban kamfani, akwai mutum ɗaya a jikinmu wanda ke yin duk muhimman shawarwari kuma yana tsara komai. Wannan shine ɓangaren gaba na kwakwalwarmu. A fannin likitanci, muna kiransa Frontal Lobe . Wannan shine wuri mai ban mamaki wanda ke sa mu "mu" kuma yana ƙayyade halayenmu.

A taƙaice dai, menene wannan Frontal Lobe?

Lobe na Gaba yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan sassa biyar na kwakwalwarka. Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, yana gaban kanka. A takaice dai, a bayan goshinka. Ka yi tunanin idan kwakwalwarmu ta kasance kamar babban kek, Lobe na Gaba zai zama babban yanki, tsakanin kashi 25% zuwa 40%. Wannan yana nufin shine mafi girman ɓangaren kwakwalwarmu.

Duk abin da kake tunani, sha'awa, da kuma abin da kake yi da gangan, ana sarrafa shi ne daga cikin wannan ƙaramin sarari. Ba ya aiki shi kaɗai. Yana yin duk wannan tare da sauran kwakwalwa, kamar ƙungiya mai kyau.

Menene manyan ayyukan Frontal Lobe?

Jerin abubuwan da za a yi yana da tsawo sosai, amma bari mu taƙaita muhimman abubuwan a sauƙaƙe. Duk wannan yana faruwa ba tare da kun sani ba.

Da me aka yi Frontal Lobe?

Kamar dukkan kwakwalwarmu, Frontal Lobe ya ƙunshi nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta guda biyu na musamman. Ka yi tunaninsa kamar tsarin lantarki.

1. Jijiyoyin Jijiyoyi: Waɗannan su ne "wayoyin lantarki" a cikin kwakwalwa. Ana ɗaukar bayanai daga wuri ɗaya zuwa wani ta cikin waɗannan jijiyoyi. Ana aika wannan bayanin a matsayin ƙananan siginar lantarki. Wannan siginar tana tsalle daga wani jijiya zuwa wani ta cikin wani sinadari. Ta wannan hanyar, bayanai suna tafiya da sauri a cikin kwakwalwa.

2. Kwayoyin Glial: Waɗannan su ne "ƙungiyar kulawa." Ba sa ɗauke da bayanai. Amma su ne ƙwayoyin glial waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen kiyaye wayoyin lantarki da ake kira neurons cikin kyakkyawan yanayi, samar musu da abubuwan gina jiki da suke buƙata, cire sharar gida, da kuma kare su.

Waɗannan biyun suna aiki tare don sa wannan gabar jiki mai ban mamaki ta yi aiki yadda ya kamata.

Wadanne yanayi ne zasu iya shafar Frontal Lobe?

Duk wani abu da zai iya lalata kyallen kwakwalwa zai iya shafar Frontal Lobe, domin shi ma wani ɓangare ne na kwakwalwa. Haka kuma, akwai wasu cututtuka da dama da suka shafi Frontal Lobe.

Ga wasu misalai:

• Cutar Alzheimer
• Matsalolin magana, musamman Broca's aphasia (Expressive aphasia / Broca's aphasia)
• Matsalolin Hankali (Rashin Hankali da Rashin Hankali - ADHD)
• Matsalar Autism
• Ciwon kwakwalwa da ciwon daji
• Raunin kwakwalwa / Raguwa
• Shaƙar iskar gas mai guba kamar carbon monoxide
• Jinin damuwa na gaba
• Ciwon Shanyewar Jini da Haɗarin Jini na Wucin Gadi (TIA)
• Farfadiya, musamman farfadiya ta gaba (frontal lobe)
• Cututtukan kwakwalwa, misali encephalitis
• Yanayin lafiyar kwakwalwa - kamar baƙin ciki, damuwa, matsalolin ɗabi'a.
• Shan guba - ƙarfe masu nauyi kamar gubar da mercury

Mene ne alamomin matsalar Frontal Lobe?

Alamomin wannan na iya bambanta sosai. Akwai dalilai guda biyu na wannan:

1. Adadin ayyukan da gaban goshin ke sarrafawa yana da yawa sosai.

2. Adadin cututtukan da za su iya shafar shi ma yana da yawa.

Duk da haka, akwai wasu alamomi da aka saba gani:

• Canje-canje kwatsam a cikin halayen mutum: Wani abu kamar mutumin da a da yake da nutsuwa sosai yana fushi sosai, ko kuma mutumin da a da yake da kusanci da mutane yana zama mai son kai.
• Wahalar tunani da tsare-tsare: Rashin iya tsara aiki, wahalar da ke tattare da mai da hankali.
• Wahalar sarrafa sha'awa: Faɗi da yin duk abin da ya zo a rai. Yin abubuwan da ba za a yarda da su a zamantakewa ba.
• Matsalolin magana: Wahalar samar da kalmomi.
• Matsalolin motsi, kamar tafiya.
• Mantawa da wasu abubuwa (Rashin bacci).

Yaya ake duba lafiyar Frontal Lobe?

Likitoci suna da gwaje-gwaje da yawa don duba matsalolin da ke cikin wannan fanni. Ana tantance gwajin ta hanyar alamun.

Ta yaya za mu kare wannan sarkin kwakwalwa?

Akwai abubuwa da yawa da za mu iya yi don kiyaye lafiyar goshinmu na gaba, kamar dukkan kwakwalwarmu. Za mu iya hana wasu cututtuka. Duk da cewa ba za a iya hana wasu ba, za mu iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da su.

1. Cin abinci mai kyau: Abin da kake ci yana shafar lafiyar jijiyoyin jininka kai tsaye. Samun isasshen jini ga kwakwalwa yana nufin kwakwalwa mai lafiya. Saboda haka, rage yawan abincin da ke ɗauke da mai, sukari, da gishiri gwargwadon iko. Ƙara 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan lambu, da ganye a cikin abincinka.

2. Motsa Jiki: Ko da wani abu mai sauƙi kamar tafiya a kullum zai iya taimakawa wajen inganta kwararar jini zuwa kwakwalwa. Motsa jiki kuma yana taimaka wa kwakwalwa wajen samar da sinadarai (masu taimakawa jijiyoyi) waɗanda suke da mahimmanci ga kwakwalwa.

3. Sanya kayan kariya (wannan yana da matuƙar muhimmanci!): Tunda gaban goshin yana gaban kai, yana da yuwuwar lalacewa a cikin haɗari. Idan kana hawa keke ko babur, sanya kwalkwali dole ne. Ba wai kawai zai ceci rayuwarka ba, har ma da halayenka, tunawa, da duk wani abu. Idan kana hawa a cikin abin hawa, kar ka manta da sanya bel ɗin kujera .

4. Kula da cututtuka masu tsanani: Idan kana da cututtuka kamar Ciwon suga da hawan jini, ka kula da su sosai bisa ga shawarar likita. Domin idan ba a shawo kan waɗannan cututtuka ba, suna iya cutar da lafiyar kwakwalwa.

Labari mai ban mamaki: Phineas Gage, wanda ya tsira da sandar ƙarfe ta kansa

Akwai wani lamari na tarihi da ya koya mana abubuwa da yawa game da aikin gaban goshi. Wannan ya faru da wani mutum mai suna Phineas Gage.

A shekarar 1848, Gage jami'in tsaro ne da ke aiki a kan layin dogo a Amurka. Mutum ne mai ladabi, mai aiki tukuru, kuma mai girmamawa. Wata rana, wani bam da ake amfani da shi wajen gina hanyar ya fashe ba zato ba tsammani. Da wannan fashewar, wani katon sandar ƙarfe mai tsawon ƙafa 3 wanda ke wurin ya zo da sauri ya shiga kuncin hagu na Gage, ya wuce a bayan idonsa, ya ratsa gaban kansa, ya fito a sama.

Abin mamaki, Gage bai mutu ba. Yana cikin koshin lafiya. Amma... bayan hatsarin, ya zama wani mutum daban. Maimakon Gage mai ladabi da yake da shi a da, yanzu ya zama mutum mai fushi da rashin girmamawa wanda ke yawan faɗin munanan kalamai. Abokansa suka ce, "Wannan ba Gage ba ne."

Wannan lamari ya bai wa likitoci shaida ta farko cewa halin mutum, halinsa, da kuma zamantakewarsa suna da alaƙa kai tsaye da gaban kwakwalwa . Labarin Gage har yanzu babban misali ne na gaban kwakwalwa a fannin ilimin likitanci a yau.