Shin mutane masu siriri suma suna kamuwa da cholesterol? Bari mu koyi game da wannan cuta ta gado (Familial Hypercholesterolemia)

Ka yi tunanin, kai siriri ne sosai, kana motsa jiki sosai, kuma kana da hankali sosai game da abin da kake ci da abin sha. Kana da shekaru kusan 40. Wa zai yi tunanin cewa irin wannan mutum zai kamu da ciwon zuciya? Abin mamaki ne, ko ba haka ba? Amma wannan gaskiya ne. A yau muna magana ne game da irin wannan rashin lafiya da ba a gani, amma mai matuƙar haɗari. Wannan wani abu ne da mutane da yawa ba su sani ba, amma duk muna buƙatar sani.

Menene wannan cutar cholesterol ta gado? (Familial Hypercholesterolemia)

A taƙaice dai, wannan cuta ce ta gado. Wato, wani abu ne da muke gado daga iyayenmu. Mutumin da ke da wannan cutar yana da yawan sinadarin LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein), wanda muke kira "bad cholesterol", a jikinsa tun daga haihuwa.

Yawanci, idan muka yi magana game da cholesterol, muna tunanin cewa waɗannan suna ƙaruwa ne kawai ga mutanen da ke cin abinci mai mai da mai, ba sa motsa jiki, kuma suna da kiba. Wannan gaskiya ne a wani ɓangare. Amma a cikin wannan yanayin da ake kira Family Hypercholesterolemia (FH) , komai siririnka ko lafiyar salon rayuwarka, matakin mummunan cholesterol a jikinka yana ƙaruwa ta atomatik. Domin, dalilin wannan ba salon rayuwarka ba ne, amma lahani ne a cikin kwayoyin halittarka.

Shekaru da suka wuce, wata mata 'yar shekara 40 ta raba abin da ya faru da ita. Tana da siririya kuma lafiyayye. Wata rana, yayin da take gidan cin abinci, ta ji wani nauyi a ƙirjinta kuma tana gumi sosai. Da ta je ganin likita nan take, bayan an yi mata gwajin ECG, likitan ya ce, "Kai dai ciwon zuciya ne kawai." Ba ta yarda ba.

Daga baya, wani gwaji na musamman mai suna "Heart Catheterization" ya gano cewa manyan jijiyoyin jini guda huɗu da ke samar da jini zuwa zuciyarta sun toshe kashi 90%. Cikin makonni biyu, an saka ƙananan bututu guda biyar, waɗanda ake kira "Stents", domin a buɗe waɗannan jijiyoyin. A ƙarshe aka gano cewa tana da wata cuta da ake kira Family Hypercholesterolemia (FH).

Shin 'ya'yanmu ma suna cikin haɗari?

Wannan shine mafi mahimmancin abin da ya kamata mu mayar da hankali a kai. Tunda FH cuta ce ta gado, idan ɗaya daga cikin iyaye yana da cutar, akwai kashi 50% na damar yaran su gaji ta . Wannan yana nufin cewa idan akwai yara biyu, akwai babban yuwuwar aƙalla ɗaya daga cikinsu ya kamu da cutar.

Hadarin wannan shine, saboda ba a iya ganin alamun cutar, ba za mu iya sanin cewa yaro yana da wannan cuta ba. Amma a cikin jikin yaron, mummunan cholesterol yana fara taruwa a hankali a cikin jijiyoyin jini. Saboda haka, wannan yaronKo da a lokacin ƙuruciya, wato a cikin shekarunka na 20 zuwa 30, akwai babban haɗarin kamuwa da bugun zuciya ko bugun jini.

Saboda haka, idan wani a cikin iyalinka ya taɓa samun bugun zuciya tun yana ƙarami, ko kuma idan akwai tarihin iyali na yawan cholesterol, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a yi wa 'ya'yanku gwajin cholesterol. Har ma Cibiyar Kula da Yara ta Amurka ta ba da shawarar cewa duk yara 'yan shekara 9 zuwa 11 a yi gwajin cholesterol ɗinsu.

Yaushe za a yi zargin cewa FH yana da alaƙa da yanayin FH?

Ba duk wani sinadarin cholesterol mai yawa ba ne ke haifar da FH. Amma akwai wasu alamu da ya kamata su zama abin zargi musamman. Zan yi bayani a kan su a cikin teburi.

Shin bai isa kawai ka canza salon rayuwarka ba?

Wannan tambaya ce da mutane da yawa ke yi. "Ba zan iya rage cholesterol dina ba idan ina cin abinci mai kyau da motsa jiki?" A yanayin da ake da matakan cholesterol na yau da kullun, canje-canjen salon rayuwa na iya yin babban canji.

Amma a yanayin FH, canje-canjen salon rayuwa kawai ba su isa ba . Domin matsalar lahani ce ta kwayoyin halitta a cikin tsarin da ke samar da kuma cire cholesterol a cikin jikinka. Saboda haka, yayin da abinci mai kyau da motsa jiki suna da matukar muhimmanci, lallai magani ya zama dole don sarrafa yawan matakan cholesterol na LDL a cikin jini.

Likitoci kan rubuta magungunan rage kitse a cikin jini, kamar su statins. Waɗannan magungunan, waɗanda aka ba wa yara ƙanana, na iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya a nan gaba.

Abubuwan da za ku tambayi likitanku

Idan kai ko wani a cikin iyalinka yana da yawan cholesterol, yana da matukar muhimmanci ka ga likitanka ka yi waɗannan tambayoyin.

• Wadanne gwaje-gwajen cholesterol ya kamata in yi? (misali bayanin martaba na Lipid)
• Sau nawa ya kamata in yi waɗannan gwaje-gwajen?
• Ta yaya abinci da motsa jiki za su iya taimakawa wajen rage yawan cholesterol dina?
• Menene haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya?
• Waɗanne alamomi ne ya kamata in damu da su musamman? (misali ciwon ƙirji, wahalar numfashi)

Sanin wannan bayanin zai taimaka sosai wajen kare kanka da ƙaunatattunka daga rashin lafiya mai tsanani. Ku tuna, wayar da kan jama'a ita ce mafi kyawun kariya.