Kana jin rauni ma? Wataƙila wannan wata cuta ce da ake kira myopathy!

Shin wani lokacin kana jin kamar gaɓoɓinka sun yi rauni kuma sun gaji? Shin kana ganin yana da wahala ka yi abubuwa masu sauƙi kamar tashi daga kujera, ɗaga wani abu mai nauyi, ko kuma tsefe gashinka? Idan kana jin kamar tsokokinka suna raguwa ba tare da wani dalili ba, kada ka yi watsi da shi a matsayin al'ada. Wataƙila dalilin waɗannan alamun shine wata cuta da ake kira 'myopathy', wadda za mu yi magana a kai a yau. Kada ka damu, za mu yi magana game da wannan ta hanya mai sauƙi da za ka iya fahimta.

Menene cutar myopathy? A takaice dai...

A taƙaice dai, myopathy rukuni ne na cututtuka da ke shafar tsokoki da ke haɗe da ƙasusuwanmu. Waɗannan cututtuka suna lalata zare na tsokarmu kuma suna raunana su. Kamar yadda injin mota ke yin rauni, yana da wahalar tuƙi, idan tsokoki suka yi rauni, yana da wuya jikinmu ya yi ayyukan yau da kullun.

Akwai nau'ikan myopathy daban-daban?

Eh, ana iya rarraba cututtukan myopathy ta hanyoyi daban-daban. An raba su galibi zuwa rukuni biyu: cututtukan myopathy da aka gada da kuma waɗanda aka samu . Bari mu dubi kowanne daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan.

Mene ne Myopathy na Gado?

Waɗannan nau'ikan cututtukan myopathy ne da ke faruwa ta hanyar gadon wani maye gurbi na kwayar halitta mara kyau wanda ke cikin jikinmu lokacin haihuwa, sau da yawa daga mahaifiyarmu ko mahaifinmu.

• Cututtukan da ke haifar da cutar myopathy:

Alamomin yawanci suna farawa ne daga haihuwa ko kuma a lokacin ƙuruciya. Duk da haka, wani lokacin suna iya bayyana a lokacin ƙuruciya ko ma daga baya. Wani siffa ta musamman ta wannan nau'in ita ce raunin ba wai kawai ya ta'allaka ne ga tsokoki da ke kusa da tsakiyar jiki ba, amma yana iya shafar tsokoki na dukkan jiki, kuma cutar ba ta da saurin ci gaba.

• Ciwon kai na Mitochondrial:

Kwayoyin halittarmu suna da ƙananan masana'antu da ake kira mitochondria waɗanda ke samar da kuzari. Wannan nau'in myopathy yana faruwa ne sakamakon lahani a cikin waɗannan mitochondria. Baya ga raunin tsoka, waɗannan yanayi na iya shafar wasu tsarin gabobin jiki, kamar zuciya, kwakwalwa, da tsarin narkewar abinci. Suna iya tasowa saboda maye gurbi na kwayoyin halitta, ko akwai tarihin iyali ko a'a.

• Cututtukan metabolism na myopathy:

Wannan cutar myopathy tana faruwa ne sakamakon lahani a cikin kwayoyin halittar da ke samar da enzymes waɗanda ke taimaka wa tsokoki su yi aiki da motsi yadda ya kamata. Tana iya haifar da gajiya yayin motsa jiki, ciwo a kafadu da cinyoyi yayin motsa jiki, ko kuma wata cuta da ake kira rhabdomyolysis, inda zaruruwan tsoka ke karyewa ba tare da rauni ba. Wani lokaci alamun na iya zuwa su tafi, tare da raunin tsoka sannan su koma yadda suke.

• Ciwon tsoka (muscular dystrophies):

A irin waɗannan yanayi, tsokoki suna raguwa a hankali kuma suna raguwa saboda rashin daidaituwa ko ƙarancin sunadaran tallafi na tsarin da ƙwayoyin tsoka ke buƙata. A kowane hali, hannaye da/ko ƙafafu suna shafar matakai daban-daban. Wani lokaci tsokoki na idanu ko fuska suma suna iya shafar.

Mene ne cututtukan myopathy da aka samu?

Waɗannan nau'ikan cututtukan zuciya ne da ke tasowa daga baya. Ana iya haifar da su ta hanyar dalilai daban-daban, ciki har da wasu cututtuka, kamuwa da cuta, fallasa ga wasu magunguna, da rashin daidaiton electrolyte a jiki.

• Ciwon kai/kumburi na tsokar jiki:

Abin da ke faruwa a cikin wannan shi ne cewa garkuwar jikinmu tana kai hari ga tsokokinmu. Sakamakon haka, aikin tsoka yana da rauni. Kamar kare kanmu ne ke kai hari ga kansu.

• Myopathy mai guba:

Wannan yanayi yana faruwa ne lokacin da guba ko magani ya kawo cikas ga tsarin ko aikin tsokoki.

• Guba: Barasa, toluene (wani abu mai canzawa da ake samu a cikin abubuwa kamar fenti wanda wasu mutane ke shaƙa don ya yi maye).
• Magunguna: Magungunan hana garkuwar jiki na Checkpoint (misali, pembrolizumab, nivolumab), corticosteroids (misali, prednisone), magungunan rage cholesterol (statins), amiodarone, colchicine, chloroquine, magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da masu hana protease don kamuwa da cutar HIV, omeprazole.

• Cututtukan endocrine na myopathy:

Wannan yanayi yana faruwa ne lokacin da aikin hormones a jikinmu ya shafi tsokoki.

• Glandar thyroid: Duk da cewa ƙarancin matakan hormones na thyroid (hypothyroidism) sun fi yawa, matsaloli na iya faruwa saboda yawan matakan hormones na thyroid (hyperthyroidism).
• Ciwon parathyroid: Ciwon parathyroid yana haifar da ƙaruwar sinadarin calcium a cikin jini.
• Ciwon adrenal: "Cutar Addison" da "Cushing's syndrome".

• Cututtukan myopathy masu yaduwa:

Cututtuka daban-daban na iya shafar aikin tsoka.

• Cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta: `HIV`, `mura`, `Epstein-Barr`.
• Cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta: 'ƙwayar cuta ta pyomyositis'.
• 'Cutar Lyme'.
• Cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta: trichinosis, toxoplasmosis, cysticercosis.
• Cututtukan fungal: Candida, Coccidiomycosis.

• Rashin daidaituwar electrolyte:

Ƙara ko raguwa a matakan wasu muhimman abubuwan lantarki a jikinmu na iya shafar aikin tsoka.

• Potassium: raguwa (`hypokalemia`), ƙaruwa (`hyperkalemia`).
• Magnesium: Ya ƙaru (`Hypermagnesemia`).

• Ciwon myopathy mai tsanani a cikin sashin kulawa mai zurfi:

Wannan yanayi ne da ke shafar gaɓoɓi da tsokoki na numfashi a cikin mutanen da ke fama da rashin lafiya mai tsanani kuma suna karɓar magani a sashin kulawa mai zurfi (ICU) . Yana iya faruwa ne sakamakon tsawaita lokacin rashin motsi ko kuma ta hanyar amfani da magungunan rage gajiyar tsoka, corticosteroids, da magungunan barci da ake amfani da su yayin jiyya.

Wa ya fi kamuwa da cutar myopathy? Yaya wannan cuta ta zama ruwan dare?

Myopathy na iya faruwa a cikin kowa, amma wasu mutane suna cikin haɗari kaɗan.

Abubuwan da ka iya ƙara haɗarin:

• Idan wani a cikin iyali yana da cutar myopathy, to akwai babban yuwuwar gadon wannan cuta ta hanyar halitta.
• Kasancewar namiji. Wasu nau'ikan myopathy ana yada su ta hanyar X chromosome, don haka suna iya shafar maza fiye da mata. Duk da haka, nau'ikan myopathy na haihuwa waɗanda aka yada ta wasu chromosomes suna shafar kowa daidai gwargwado.
• Akwai cututtukan endocrine, cututtukan autoimmune ko na rayuwa.
• Fuskantar wasu magunguna ko guba (duba sashen da ke kan cutar myopathy mai guba da muka tattauna a baya).

Yaɗuwar cutar myopathy ya bambanta dangane da nau'in cutar. Misali, myopathy wanda ke tasowa daga baya a rayuwa:

• Ciwon kumburi da na endocrine sun fi yawa fiye da sauran nau'ikan, kuma sun fi yawa a cikin mata fiye da maza.
• Tsakanin mutane 9 zuwa 32 cikin kowane mutum 100,000 suna fama da cututtukan kumburi na ciki.
• Tsakanin kashi 25% zuwa 79% na manya da ke fama da hypothyroidism na iya samun alamun da suka shafi tsoka, amma yawan kamuwa da cutar myopathy na iya zama ƙasa da kashi 10%.

Mafi yawan cututtukan da suka fi kama da na haihuwa sune tsokar tsoka, waɗanda galibi suka fi yawa a cikin maza.

• Ciwon tsoka na Duchenne da Becker sune nau'ikan da suka fi yawa, suna shafar kusan mutane 7 cikin mutane 100,000 a duk duniya.
• Cututtukan da ke shafar tsokar tsoka (Mitochondria) suna shafar mutum ɗaya cikin 5,000, kuma mafi yawansu suna shafar tsokar ƙashi.
• Sauran nau'ikan cututtukan da suka shafi haihuwa ba kasafai ake samun su ba.

To, menene alamun myopathy?

Nau'o'in myopathy da yawa suna da alamomi da yawa gama gari. Waɗannan su ne:

• Raunin tsoka.Musamman tsokoki na kafadu, hannaye na sama, da cinyoyi (waɗannan su ne waɗanda suka fi shafa kuma suka fi tsanani).
• Ciwon tsoka, tauri, da kuma ciwon tsoka.
• Jin gajiya da sauri yayin motsa jiki ko yin ƙaramin aiki.
• Jin rashin rai da rashin kuzari.

Yaya ainihin myopathy yake ji?

A cikin yawancin cututtukan da ke haifar da ciwon zuciya, tsokoki a ɓangarorin jiki biyu (masu daidaitawa) suna raunana daidai gwargwado. Tsokoki kusa da tsakiyar jiki (tsokoki na kusa), kamar kafadu, manyan hannuwa, kwatangwalo, da cinyoyi, suna da tasiri musamman. Sakamakon haka, kuna iya fuskantar alamu kamar:

• Wahalar yin ayyukan yau da kullun, kamar wanka, sanya tufafi, da kuma tsefe gashin ku.
• Wahala wajen tashi daga kujera, hawa matakala, ko yin ayyukan da ke buƙatar kai sama da kanka (misali, canza kwan fitila a cikin silin).
• Jin kamar tsokoki suna rawa da rawa.
• Tsokoki suna gajiya da sauri idan suna yin wani aiki.
• Wahalar numfashi yayin motsa jiki.

Yawanci ba ya shafar tsokoki na tafin hannu da ƙafafu.

Sauran alamun sun bambanta dangane da nau'in myopathy.

• Rauni na tsoka na iya kasancewa ko dai akai-akai (ba ci gaba ba) ko kuma a hankali yana ci gaba. A wasu cututtuka, raunin tsoka na iya zuwa ya tafi, yayin da a wasu lokutan kuma akwai ƙarfi na yau da kullun.
• Jinkirin ci gaban ƙwarewar motsa jiki (misali tafiya, tsalle, hawa matakala, riƙe da cokali ko fensir) ga ƙananan yara.
• Rashin iya yin mu'amala da sauran yara yayin da suke wasa ko kuma suna wasa a waje (misali, suna wasa da kama).
• Matsalolin da ke tattare da tsokoki da ke taimakawa wajen haɗiyewa da magana. Wannan na iya sa abinci ya makale kuma magana ta yi tsami.

Me ya kamata in yi idan ina zargin ina da cutar myopathy?

Idan kana da waɗannan alamomin, ya kamata ka fara magana da likitanka na farko. Dangane da alamun cutar, zai iya tura ka zuwa ga ƙwararren likita, kamar likitan jijiyoyi ko likitan rheumatologist.

Ta yaya ake gane cutar myopathy?

Likitan ku zai tambaye ku game da tarihin lafiyar ku, ko wani a cikin iyalin ku yana da irin wannan yanayi, waɗanne magunguna kuke sha, da kuma alamun ku. Sannan za su yi gwajin jiki. Za su duba fatar ku, motsin jikin ku, ƙarfin tsoka, daidaito, da kuma jin daɗi.

Nau'ikan gwaje-gwaje da likita zai iya yi:

• Gwaje-gwajen jini:
• A wasu cututtukan da ke haifar da ciwon tsoka, matakan enzyme na tsoka kamar creatine kinase (CK) ko aldolase na iya ƙaruwa saboda lalacewar zaruruwan tsoka.
• Matakan electrolyte kamar sodium, magnesium, potassium, calcium, da phosphorus.
• Gwaje-gwaje don cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da garkuwar jiki: Misali, `Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA), `Rheumatoid Factor', `Sedimentation Rate' da `C-reactive protein'.
• Gwaje-gwajen glandar endocrine: misali, matakan hormones na thyroid.
• Nazarin Electromyography (EMG) da nazarin sarrafa jijiyoyi: Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suna auna nau'in da girman lalacewar tsoka ta hanyar auna yadda wutar lantarki ke tafiya ta cikin jijiyoyi da kuma saka ƙananan allurai cikin tsokoki.
• Gwajin hoton maganadisu (MRI) na tsokoki .
• Gwaje-gwajen kwayoyin halitta.
• Binciken ƙwayoyin tsoka: Wannan ya ƙunshi cire ƙaramin ƙwayar tsoka ta hanyar tiyata don a duba ta.

Yaya ake magance myopathy?

Da zarar an gano ainihin nau'in myopathy da kake da shi, likitanka zai samar da tsarin magani wanda ya dace da alamun bayyanarka.

Yawancin jiyya sun haɗa da motsa jiki, aikin jiyya, da wani nau'in motsa jiki . Sauran jiyya sun shafi nau'in ciwon myopathy. Gabaɗaya, yawancin ciwon myopathy da aka samu ana iya sarrafa su da kyau, suna rage rauni da alamun cutar. Wasu ciwon myopathy na haihuwa suna da takamaiman jiyya waɗanda zasu iya rage ci gaban cutar. A halin yanzu, babu takamaiman magani ga yawancin ciwon myopathy na haihuwa, amma maganin motsa jiki da wasu nau'ikan motsa jiki na iya taimakawa.

Cututtukan myopathy masu alaƙa da kumburi da autoimmune

Manufar maganin waɗannan shine rage kumburi da kuma martanin da jiki ke bayarwa ga garkuwar jiki. Magungunan da aka saba amfani da su don magance waɗannan cututtukan zuciya sun haɗa da:

• Magungunan hana garkuwar jiki/maganin rage garkuwar jiki: Misali, methotrexate, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, azathioprine, mycophenolate, rituximab, da kuma immunoglobulin ta hanyar jijiya (IVIg) ko ta ƙarƙashin ƙasa (SubQIg).
• `Corticosteroids`: Misali `prednisone` ko `methylprednisolone`.

Myopathies na gado da na kwayoyin halitta

Yawancin cututtukan da suka shafi haihuwa da kuma na kwayoyin halitta ba su da takamaiman magani ko cikakken magani.Ana gudanar da magani ne ta hanyar sarrafa alamun cutar da kuma hanyoyin magani daban-daban. Ana gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na asibiti da dama a fannoni daban-daban na bincike game da magani da maganin kwayoyin halitta.

Ana iya magance cututtuka da ake kira Duchenne muscular dystrophy da Pompe disease ta hanyar magunguna na musamman.

Sauran cututtukan myopathy da aka samu

Likitoci suna magance cututtukan da suka shafi cututtukan endocrine, guba, da kuma cututtuka masu yaduwa ta hanyar magance cutar da ke haifar da cutar myopathy. Ana magance cututtukan myopathy masu guba ta hanyar dakatar da sinadarin da ke haifar da cutar (misali, barasa, toluene) ko magani (misali, statins). Alamomin tsoka da ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, ko wasu magunguna masu yaɗuwa ke haifarwa galibi suna inganta lokacin da aka yi maganin cutar kai tsaye da maganin rigakafi.

Ta yaya zan kula da lafiyata?

Ko dai cutar myopathy ta samo asali ne daga haihuwa, ko kuma ta samo asali ne daga haihuwa, ko kuma ta dogon lokaci (tana da saurin kamuwa da ita), akwai abubuwan da za ku iya yi don kula da lafiyarku da kuma kula da ita. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:

• Ku ci abinci mai kyau da daidaito. Ku haɗa da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu iri-iri a cikin abincinku.
• Ka kasance mai motsa jiki tare da motsa jiki mai sauƙi na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Dangane da nau'in ciwon zuciya, za a iya ba ka shawara kada ka yi wasu nau'ikan ɗaga nauyi. Don haka ka yi magana da likitanka kafin ka fara kowane shirin motsa jiki.
• Kiyaye nauyin da ya dace.
• Idan kuna da kurajen fata wanda dermatomyositis ke haifarwa, ku kare fatar ku daga rana. Wannan na iya ƙara ta'azzara kurajen. Sanya kayan kariya da hula duk lokacin da zai yiwu. Kar ku manta da shafa man kariya mai aƙalla SPF 30 kafin ku fita waje.
• Idan kana da matsala wajen haɗiye abinci, ka ci abinci mai laushi ko mara ƙarfi. Haka kuma za ka iya yin puree na abincinka. Idan kai mutum ne da ke kwance a kan gado, ka ci abinci yayin da kake zaune a kan gado.
• A sha duk magungunan da aka rubuta a kan lokaci.
• Idan ana ba da shawarar magunguna kamar su motsa jiki, aikin motsa jiki, ko maganin magana, to a shiga cikinsu.

Ka tuna, domin akwai nau'ikan myopathy da yawa, likitanka zai buƙaci ya tsara tsarin magani wanda ya dace da nau'in myopathy ɗinka da kuma alamominka. Saboda haka yana da mahimmanci a bi umarninsa daidai. Haka kuma, a kula da jikinka. A lura da duk wani canji a yanayinka ko tsananin alamun. A tuntuɓi likitanka a kan jadawalin lokaci-lokaci (ko da zarar ka lura da wani canji). Ta wannan hanyar, za ka iya yin canje-canje ga tsarin maganinka da zarar alamun sun bayyana.

A ƙarshe, mafi mahimmancin abubuwan da za a tuna

Myopathy ba abu ne da za a ji tsoro ba, amma ba yanayi ba ne da za a yi watsi da shi.

• Idan kana fuskantar rauni, ciwo, ko gajiya mai tsanani, tabbatar da ganin likita.
• Akwai nau'ikan myopathy da yawa, don haka ganewar asali daidai yana da matuƙar mahimmanci.
• Akwai magunguna da hanyoyin kula da nau'ikan myopathy iri-iri.
• Ta hanyar bin umarnin likitanka, shan maganin da aka rubuta maka, da kuma rayuwa mai kyau, za ka iya rayuwa mai kyau da wannan yanayin.

Ina fatan wannan bayanin zai taimaka muku. Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi, kada ku ji tsoron yin magana da likita a kowane lokaci.

` Myopathy, raunin tsoka, ciwon tsoka, cututtukan gado, cututtukan da suka shafi garkuwar jiki, alamun tsoka, maganin myopathy