Bari mu koyi daidai game da cututtukan da ke tare da cutar kansa (Paraneoplastic Syndromes)!

Shin kun taɓa jin labarin wani da ke fama da ciwon daji yana fuskantar alamun cutar da ba ta samo asali daga ciwon daji ba, amma wasu cututtuka ne ke haifar da ita? Kamar ciwon daji yana cikin wani ɓangare na jiki, amma tasirinsa yana yaɗuwa zuwa wasu sassa. Wannan shine abin da muke kira (Paraneoplastic Syndromes) . Wannan na iya yin kama da rikitarwa, amma bari mu yi magana game da abin da ke faruwa. Kada ku ji tsoro, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ku san wannan.

Menene ciwon paraneoplastic?

A taƙaice dai, idan kana da ciwon daji, muna kiransa Paraneoplastic Syndrome , wanda shine lokacin da wasu alamu suka bayyana a jiki ba tare da ƙwayoyin cutar kansa suka haifar da shi kai tsaye ba. Ka yi tunanin, akwai ciwon daji a jiki, amma wasu hormones ko sunadarai da ke fitowa daga gare shi suna sa wani tsari a jiki ya fara aiki daban. Ko kuma, wani lokacin tsarin garkuwar jikinmu, yayin da yake ƙoƙarin lalata ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, yana kai hari ga ƙwayoyin halitta masu kyau. Muna kiran wannan martanin rigakafi . Waɗannan alamun kuma na iya faruwa a irin waɗannan yanayi.

Ciwon paraneoplastic na iya shafar tsarin jijiyoyi daban-daban a jiki. Misali, tsarin juyayi , tsarin endocrine (tsarin da ke samar da hormones), koda , ƙashi , haɗin gwiwa , fata, da jini duk na iya shafar.

Sau da yawa, alamun ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan (Paraneoplastic Syndromes) su ne alamun farko na ciwon daji. Saboda haka, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a san da wannan.

Wanene wannan yanayin ya fi shafa? (Wane ne ke fama da cutar paraneoplastic syndromes?)

Ciwon paraneoplastic ya fi yawa a cikin tsofaffi da tsofaffi, musamman waɗanda ke da cututtuka kamar ciwon huhu , ciwon lymphatic , ciwon ovarian , ko ciwon nono . Abubuwa iri ɗaya da ke haifar da ciwon daji suma na iya haifar da waɗannan cututtukan.

Yaya waɗannan suka zama ruwan dare? (Yaya waɗannan cututtukan paraneoplastic suka zama ruwan dare?)

Ciwon Paraneoplastic yana faruwa ne tsakanin kashi 8% zuwa 20% na mutanen da ke fama da ciwon daji. Wannan yana nufin ba duk masu fama da ciwon daji ke kamuwa da shi ba, amma yana iya shafar adadi mai yawa.

Waɗanne cututtuka ne ke da alaƙa da cututtukan paraneoplastic?

Duk wanda ke da ciwon daji (Paraneoplastic Syndrome)Ko da yake akwai kowace irin ciwon daji da ke iya faruwa, akwai nau'ikan ciwon daji da dama da suka fi yawa da ke da alaƙa da waɗannan yanayi:

• Ciwon nono
• Ciwon daji na ciki
• Cutar sankarar bargo
• Lymphoma
• Ciwon huhu (musamman ciwon huhu na ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta)
• Ciwon daji na mahaifa
• Ciwon daji na pancreas
• Ciwon daji na mafitsara
• Ciwon koda
• Ciwon daji na ƙashi

Me ke haifar da ciwon paraneoplastic?

Mun riga mun tattauna cewa akwai manyan dalilai guda biyu da suka sa hakan ya faru.

1. Sinadaran da ƙwayoyin cutar kansa ke fitarwa: Wasu cututtukan daji suna fitar da hormones da sunadarai . Waɗannan sinadarai suna sa wasu gabobin jiki su yi aiki yadda ya kamata. Idan ba a yi musu magani ba, wannan ma yana iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin.

2. Matsalar garkuwar jiki: Tsarin garkuwar jikinmu yana nan don kare mu daga cututtuka. Wannan tsarin yana samar da abubuwa da ake kira antibodies . Waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi suna gane kuma suna lalata ƙwayoyin halitta marasa kyau, kamar ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. Amma wani lokacin, waɗannan sigina suna gauraye kuma ƙwayoyin rigakafi suna fara kai hari ga ƙwayoyin lafiya. A lokacin ne alamun (Paraneoplastic Syndrome) suka bayyana.

Mene ne alamun cututtukan paraneoplastic?

Alamomin da ke bayyana a cikin wannan na iya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum. Ya danganta da tsarin jiki da abin ya shafa. Abin mamaki, a cikin fiye da kashi 60% na lokuta, alamun wannan ciwo suna bayyana kafin a gano cutar kansa. Saboda haka, idan aka gane waɗannan alamomin da wuri, za a iya gano cutar kuma a yi mata magani a matakin farko. Sannan damar samun nasarar maganin ta fi girma.

Alamomin da aka saba gani

Waɗannan su ne wasu daga cikin alamomin da aka fi sani:

• Zazzaɓi
• Rashin ci da kuma asarar nauyi
• Gumi na dare

Lokacin da tsarin jijiyoyi ya shafi

Idan tsarin jijiyoyinka na tsakiya (wato, kwakwalwarka da kashin baya) da kuma tsarin jijiyoyin gefe (jijiyoyin da ke fita daga kwakwalwa da kashin baya) suka shafi, za ka iya fuskantar alamu kamar:

• Jin jiri
• Gani biyu
• Wahalar magana
• Asarar ƙwaƙwalwa
• Yanayin farfadiya ( farfadiya )
• Raunin tsoka
• Rage ƙarfin hali, jin daɗi ko daidaitawa
• Rashin jin daɗi a hannunka da ƙafafunka

Ka yi tunanin, wani yana da ciwon daji na huhu, amma sai kwatsam ya fara rasa tunaninsa, ya ɓata kalmominsa lokacin da yake magana, kuma yana fuskantar matsala wajen daidaita kansa lokacin da yake tafiya. A lokacin ne likitoci ke zargin cewa wannan cuta ce ta Paraneoplastic Syndrome .

Lokacin da tsarin endocrine ya lalace

Idan tsarin hormonal ɗinka ya lalace, za ka iya fuskantar alamu kamar haka:

• Gajiya mai tsanani
• Hawan jini
• Raunin tsoka
• Tashin zuciya da amai
• Karin nauyi kwatsam ba tare da wani dalili ba

Lokacin da haɗin gwiwa, ƙashi da tsokoki suka shafi (Gogewa, ƙashi da tsokoki - rheumatologic)

Idan waɗannan tsarin suka shafi:

• Yanayi kamar arthritis
• Ciwon gaɓɓai, kumburi ko tauri

Lokacin da yake shafar fata (Skin)

Wani lokaci kuma fata na iya shafar:

• Kaikayi
• Shafa ruwa
• Fata mai kauri
• Girman fata mai kyau (marasa ciwon daji)

Mene ne nau'ikan cututtukan paraneoplastic?

Akwai nau'ikan cututtukan Paraneoplastic da dama. An rarraba su bisa ga yadda suke shafar kowace tsarin.

Ciwon paraneoplastic na tsarin jijiya

Wasu misalai:

• `(Rashin daidaituwar kwakwalwa)`: Wannan lalacewa ce ga cerebellum, tana shafar abubuwa kamar daidaito da tafiya.
• Dysautonomia: Yana shafar aikin tsarin jijiyoyi na kai.
• Encephalitis: Kumburin kwakwalwa.
• Encephalomyelitis: Kumburi a kwakwalwa da kashin baya.
• Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS): Yana haifar da raunin tsoka.
• Myasthenia gravis (MG): Wannan wata cuta ce da ke haifar da raunin tsoka.
• Myelopathy: Cututtukan da ke shafar ƙashin baya.
• Neuromyotonia: Aikin tsoka akai-akai.
• `(Ciwon Opsoclonus-myoclonus)`: Motsin idanu da tsokoki marasa kyau.
• `(Neuropathy (neuropathy na gefe))`: Lalacewa ga jijiyoyin gefe.
• `(Ciwon mutum mai tauri)`: Taurin tsoka da kuma matsewar jiki mai zafi.

Ciwon paraneoplastic na tsarin endocrine

Misalai:

• (Cushing's syndrome): Yanayi ne da ke faruwa sakamakon karuwar sinadarin cortisol.
• Hypercalcemia: Ƙara yawan sinadarin calcium a cikin jini.
• `(Ciwon da ke haifar da fitar da sinadarin hormone mai hana ruwa shiga jiki (SIADH))`: Yanayi ne da ke haifar da ƙaruwar riƙe ruwa a jiki.

Cututtukan Rheumatic paraneoplastic

(yana shafar gaɓoɓi, ƙashi, tsokoki da nama mai haɗin kai)

Misalai:

• `(Eosinophilic fasciitis)`
• `(Rashin lafiyar jiki)`
• `(Maganin osteoarthritis mai tsanani)`
• `(Palma fasciitis)`
• `(Paraneoplastic polyarthritis)`

Cututtukan paraneoplastic na jini

Misalai:

• `(Paraneoplastic erythrocytosis)`: Ƙara yawan ƙwayoyin jinin ja.
• `(Paraneoplastic thrombocytosis)`: Ƙara yawan platelets a jini.

Cututtukan paraneoplastic na fata

Misalai:

• Acanthosis nigricans: Duhun da ke da kauri a fata.
• Dermatomyositis: Kumburin fata da tsokoki.
• Ciwon jijiyoyin jini na Leukocytoclastic: Kumburin ƙananan jijiyoyin jini.
• `(Paraneoplastic pemphigus)`: Yanayi ne da ke haifar da kuraje a fata.
• `(Ciwon Zaki)`: Zazzabi da raunukan fata masu zafi.

Ciwon paraneoplastic na koda

Ciwon paraneoplastic glomerulonephritis wani ciwo ne da ke shafar kodan.

Ta yaya ake gano cututtukan paraneoplastic?

Likitan ku zai gano wannan matsalar ta hanyar tambayar ku game da tarihin lafiyar ku, yin gwajin jiki, da kuma yin wasu gwaje-gwaje da dama.

• Gwajin Jijiyoyi: Saboda wannan ciwo yakan shafi tsarin jijiyoyi, likitanka zai nemi ka yi wasu abubuwa don duba yadda kwakwalwarka da tsokoki ke aiki. Za su duba ko akwai canje-canje a cikin ƙarfinka, ƙwaƙwalwarka, da kuma daidaitawarka.
• Gwaje-gwajen hoto: Ana iya amfani da gwaje-gwaje kamar CT scans , MRIs , da ultrasounds don ganin ko akwai ƙari da ke haifar da alamun.
• Gwaje-gwajen jini: Gwaje-gwajen jini na iya bayyana abubuwan da ka iya haifar da zato game da ciwon daji. Haka kuma za su iya duba kwayoyin rigakafi da ke da alaƙa da cututtukan paraneoplastic . Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen kuma na iya tantance ko alamun sun samo asali ne daga wasu dalilai, kamar kamuwa da cuta ko rashin daidaituwar hormonal.
• Hudawar ƙashin baya/ƙashin baya: A wasu lokuta, ana gwada ruwan cerebrospinal (CSF) don ganin ko akwai ƙwayoyin rigakafi da ke kai hari ga ƙwayoyin lafiya. Wannan ya haɗa da saka ƙaramin allura a cikin ƙananan bayanka da ɗaukar samfurin ruwan. Sannan ana duba shi.

Ta yaya ake kula da waɗannan yanayi ko magance su? (Ta yaya ake kula da ko magance cututtukan paraneoplastic?)

Abu mafi mahimmanci shine a magance cutar kansa da ke haifar da alamun cutar. A lokaci guda kuma, kuna sarrafa alamun cutar don rage lalacewar gaɓoɓin jikinku ko tsarin jikinku.

Wasu daga cikin magungunan da ake amfani da su don magance cututtukan Paraneoplastic :

• Corticosteroids:Magunguna kamar `(Cortisone)` ko `(prednisone)`. Waɗannan suna aiki ta hanyar rage kumburi (kumburi) a jiki.
• Maganin hana garkuwar jiki: Magunguna da ke rage martanin garkuwar jikinka. Likitanka zai rubuta magunguna bisa ga nau'in cutar paraneoplastic da kake da ita.
• Jiyya ta hanyar allurar rigakafi ta hanyar intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG): Wannan magani yana aiki ta hanyar lalata ƙwayoyin rigakafi masu cutarwa. A cikin wannan, ana ba da ƙwayoyin rigakafi masu lafiya a matsayin allura, waɗanda ke lalata ƙwayoyin rigakafi masu cutarwa.
• Plasmapheresis: Wannan ya ƙunshi cire plasma (ruwan ɓangaren jini) daga jini don rage adadin ƙwayoyin rigakafi, waɗanda ke cikin wannan plasma kuma suna iya lalata kyallen jiki mai lafiya.
• Maganin motsa jiki da magana: Wannan ya ƙunshi motsa jiki na tsoka don inganta ayyuka kamar magana da motsi. Kuna iya buƙatar wannan maganin idan kuna da ciwon paraneoplastic da ke da alaƙa da tsarin jijiyoyi.

Me zan iya tsammani idan ina da cutar paraneoplastic?

Hasashen cutar kansa ya dogara ne da matakin da ciwon daji ke ciki. A wasu lokuta, alamun da wannan ciwo ke haifarwa na iya zama mai sauƙi kuma na ɗan lokaci. A wasu lokuta, alamun na iya zama masu tsanani kuma suna buƙatar kulawa ta dogon lokaci.

Yi magana da likitanka game da yadda matakin ciwon daji da kuma yadda za ka mayar da martani ga magani zai shafi murmurewarka.

Waɗanne matsaloli ne ke da alaƙa da cututtukan paraneoplastic?

Wannan na iya haifar da matsaloli iri-iri. Wasu na iya zama ƙanana, yayin da wasu kuma na iya zama masu tsanani har ma da barazana ga rayuwa idan ba a yi musu magani ba. Likitan ku zai yi muku bayani game da yiwuwar rikitarwa da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Yaushe ya kamata in kira likita game da cututtukan paraneoplastic?

Idan ka kamu da alamun cutar paraneoplastic ba tare da wani dalili ba, ka je wurin likita. Musamman idan an yi maka maganin cutar kansa a cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata kuma kana fuskantar waɗannan alamun, yana da kyau a sake gwada ka. Wannan zai kuma taimaka wa likitanka ya tantance ko cutar kansa ta dawo.

Wadanne tambayoyi ya kamata in yi wa likitana?

Wasu tambayoyi da za ku iya yi wa likitanku:

• Menene dalilin bayyanar cututtuka na?
• Ta yaya cutar Paraneoplastic ta (Paraneoplastic Syndrome) ke shafar tsarin maganin cutar kansa na?
• Waɗanne zaɓuɓɓukan magani nake da su?
• NawaTa yaya cutar Paraneoplastic ke shafar murmurewata?
• Shin alamuna za su inganta bayan maganin ciwon daji?
• Yadda ake sarrafa alamun cutar a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci? Yadda ake sarrafa alamun cutar a cikin dogon lokaci?

A ƙarshe, saƙon kai gida

Ciwon daji na iya haifar da canje-canje da ba a zata ba a jiki. Wani lokaci, suna iya haɗawa da alamun cutar paraneoplastic . Saboda akwai nau'ikan waɗannan cututtukan da dama kuma alamun sun bambanta, yana iya ɗaukar ɗan lokaci kafin likitanka ya gane cewa alamun suna da alaƙa da ciwon daji. Duk da haka, da zarar an tabbatar da ganewar cutar, zai iya magance alamun kuma, mafi mahimmanci, magance ciwon daji da ke haifar da shi .

Hanya mafi kyau ta magance matsalar ciwon daji ta Paraneoplastic ita ce a sami mafi ingancin magani ga ciwon daji. Don haka, kada ku yi watsi da duk wata alama. Idan kuna da wata shakka, ku ga likita da wuri-wuri. Sai kawai a lokacin ne dukkanmu za mu iya kasancewa cikin koshin lafiya.

Alamomin cutar paraneoplastic, ciwon daji, alamu, tsarin juyayi, tsarin endocrine, tsarin garkuwar jiki, maganin ciwon daji