Shin wannan abin da ake kira metabolism a jiki yana aiki yadda ya kamata? Bari mu ga menene!

Shin ka taɓa yin mamakin yadda abincin da muke ci yake ba wa jikinmu kuzari? Wani lokaci mukan yi tunanin, 'Oh, metabolism dina yana da ƙarancin ƙarfi, shi ya sa nake da kiba.' Ko kuma mu ce, 'Oh, ba zai ƙara nauyi ba komai yawan abincin da yake ci, metabolism dinsa yana da kyau sosai, ko ba haka ba?' To, menene wannan metabolism da kowa ke magana a kai? Bari mu koyi game da shi a sauƙaƙe kuma a yau.

Menene wannan metabolism?

A taƙaice dai, metabolism shine tsarin sinadarai da ke faruwa a cikin ƙwayoyin jikinmu wanda ke mayar da abincin da muke ci zuwa kuzari. Muna buƙatar wannan kuzarin don tafiya, tunani, girma, da kuma yin duk abin da muke yi. Yi tunaninsa kamar fetur ga mota.

Waɗannan hanyoyin sinadarai suna ƙarƙashin iko ta hanyar takamaiman sunadaran da ke cikin jikinmu. Dubban waɗannan halayen sinadarai suna faruwa a cikin jikinmu a lokaci guda. Duk wannan ana sarrafa shi ne saboda ƙwayoyin halittarmu suna buƙatar kasancewa cikin koshin lafiya kuma suna aiki yadda ya kamata.

To, ta yaya wannan metabolism yake aiki?

To, yanzu bari mu ga yadda wannan yake aiki. Bayan mun ci abinci, enzymes (waɗannan kamar ƙananan ma'aikata ne) a cikin tsarin narkewar abinci suna haɗuwa kuma suna yin waɗannan abubuwa:

• Sunadaran da muke ci ana raba su zuwa ƙananan raka'a da ake kira amino acid .
• Man da muke ci ana canza su zuwa abubuwa da ake kira fatty acids .
• Ana raba carbohydrates ɗin da muke ci (kamar shinkafa, burodi, da dankali) zuwa sukari mai sauƙi (misali, glucose).

Yanzu waɗannan sukari da aka haɗa, amino acid, da fatty acid sune abin da jikinmu zai iya amfani da su a matsayin tushen makamashi lokacin da suke buƙatar su. Ana shiga cikin jininmu, kuma daga nan, ana kai su zuwa ƙwayoyin halittarmu.

Da zarar sun shiga cikin ƙwayoyin halitta, ana kunna wasu enzymes don hanzarta ko sarrafa hanyoyin sinadarai da ke "haɗa" waɗannan mahadi (wato, samar da ko adana kuzari). A lokacin waɗannan hanyoyin, makamashin da ke fitowa daga waɗannan mahadi ko dai jiki zai yi amfani da shi ko kuma ya adana a cikin kyallen jiki, musamman hanta, tsokoki, da kuma ma'ajiyar kitse.

Metabolism wani aiki ne na daidaita ayyuka guda biyu da ke faruwa a lokaci guda:

1. Gina kyallen jiki da kuma adana makamashi (wannan ana kiransa anabolism).

2. Domin samun ƙarin mai ga ayyukan jiki, jiki yana lalata kyallen takarda da kuma adana makamashi (wannan ana kiransa catabolism).

Za mu sake duba waɗannan biyun?

Anabolism: Tsarin gina tsoka

Anabolism , a takaice dai, tsari ne na ginawa da adana kitsen jiki.Wannan yana taimakawa wajen gina sabbin ƙwayoyin halitta, kula da kyallen jiki, da adana kuzari don amfani daga baya. A cikin tsarin anabolism, ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta suna haɗuwa don samar da manyan ƙwayoyin carbohydrates, sunadarai, da mai. Ka yi tunanin gina babban bango da ƙananan tubalan.

Catabolism: Tsarin samar da makamashi

Tsarin da ake amfani da shi wajen samar da makamashi ga dukkan ayyukan ƙwayoyin halitta. Kwayoyin halitta suna wargaza manyan ƙwayoyin halitta (yawanci carbohydrates da fats) don fitar da makamashi. Wannan makamashi yana ƙara ƙarfin aikin anabolism, yana sa jiki ya yi ɗumi, kuma yana taimakawa tsokoki su yi ƙarfi da motsi.

Idan aka rarraba sassan sinadarai masu rikitarwa zuwa abubuwa masu sauƙi ta wannan hanyar, jikinmu yana fitar da sharar gida ta fata, koda, huhu, da hanji .

Wanene ke sarrafa wannan metabolism?

Yanzu za ka iya tunanin, 'To, duk wannan yana faruwa. Amma wa ke sarrafa saurin wannan, yadda yake tafiya?' Akwai hormones da yawa a cikin tsarin endocrine ɗinmu waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen sarrafa saurin da alkiblar wannan metabolism.

Misali, sinadarin thyroxine, wanda glandar thyroid (wani siffa mai siffar malam buɗe ido a wuyanmu) ke samarwa, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tantance yadda tsarin sinadarai ke aiki da sauri ko kuma rage saurin metabolism na mutum.

Wani gland shine pancreas . Hormones ɗin da yake fitarwa suna tantance ko babban aikin metabolism na jiki a kowane lokaci shine anabolic (ginin jiki) ko catabolic (rushewa).

Ka yi tunani a kan haka, bayan ka ci abinci mai kyau, jikinka yakan yi ƙarin aikin anabolic. Dalilin haka shi ne lokacin da ka ci abinci, matakin glucose (babban mai da jiki ke amfani da shi) a cikin jininka yana ƙaruwa. Lokacin da pancreas ya ji wannan ƙaruwa a cikin matakan glucose, yana fitar da wani hormone da ake kira insulin . Wannan insulin yana gaya wa ƙwayoyin, "To, yanzu bari mu fara aikin anabolic."

Menene alaƙar da ke tsakanin metabolism da nauyin jiki? (Labarin kalori)

Duk da cewa metabolism wani tsari ne mai sarkakiya na sinadarai, mutane da yawa suna fahimtarsa ​​a matsayin wani abu da ke shafar ko jikinmu yana ƙaruwa ko ya rage nauyi cikin sauƙi. A nan ne adadin kuzari ke shigowa.

Kalori wani ma'auni ne na auna yawan kuzarin da abinci ke bayarwa. Misali, yanki na cakulan yana da adadin kuzari fiye da apple. Wannan yana nufin cakulan yana samar da ƙarin kuzari - amma wani lokacin, yawan abu mai kyau ba shi da kyau.

Kamar yadda ake adana tankin mota cike da mai, jiki yana adana ƙarin adadin kuzari - galibi kamar mai.Idan ka cika tankin motarka da ƙarfi, man fetur zai zube, ko ba haka ba? Haka nan, idan wani ya ci adadin kuzari da yawa, ƙarin zai 'zube', wato, a adana shi a matsayin kitsen jiki.

Adadin kalori da mutum ke ƙonawa kowace rana ya dogara da dalilai da yawa:

• Yawan motsa jiki da wannan mutumin yake yi .
• Yawan kitse da tsoka da yake da ita a jikinsa.
• Haka kuma, ƙimar metabolism na basal (BMR) .

Yanzu bari mu ga abin da wannan `(BMR)` ke nufi.

Menene wannan Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?

`BMR` ma'auni ne na yadda mutum ke 'ƙona' kuzari (a cikin nau'in kalori) yayin da yake hutawa, ba tare da yin komai ba. Wannan shine mafi ƙarancin adadin kuzarin da ake buƙata don kula da ayyukan asali na jiki (kamar numfashi da zagayawar jini).

Wannan `(BMR)` zai iya shafar yadda mutum ke ƙara nauyi. Misali, wanda ke da ƙarancin `(BMR)` (wato, wanda ke ƙona ƙarancin kalori a lokacin hutawa ko yayin barci) yana iya samun ƙarin kitse a jiki akan lokaci fiye da wanda ke da `(BMR)` na yau da kullun wanda shi ma ke cin abinci iri ɗaya da motsa jiki.

Kwayoyin halittar mutum da wasu matsalolin lafiya na iya shafar BMR. Tsarin jiki kuma na iya shafar sa - mutanen da ke da tsoka da ƙarancin kitse galibi suna da BMR mai yawa. Duk da haka, mutane na iya canza BMR ɗinsu ta wasu hanyoyi. Misali, mutumin da ke motsa jiki da yawa ba wai kawai yana ƙona ƙarin kalori ba, har ma yana samun ƙoshin lafiya, wanda hakan ke ƙara yawan BMR ɗinsa.

Don haka, a taƙaice, ga abubuwan da za a tuna (Saƙon Ɗauka Gida):

To, mun yi magana sosai game da metabolism. Shin kun rikice? A takaice dai, waɗannan su ne muhimman abubuwan da ya kamata ku tuna:

• Tsarin narkewar abinci yana da mahimmanci don rayuwa: yana canza abincin da muke ci zuwa kuzari, kuma makamashi yana ƙarfafa komai a jikinmu.
• Tsarin aiki ne mai rikitarwa: ya ƙunshi sassa biyu: anabolism (ginawa) da kuma catabolism (rushewa).
• Sinadaran da ke sarrafa su: Sinadaran kamar su thyroxine da insulin suna tantance saurinsu da alkiblarsu.
• Dangane da nauyin jiki, amma ba wai kawai haka ba: abubuwa kamar ƙona kalori, ``(BMR)`` suna da mahimmanci a nan.
• Tsarin rayuwa mai kyau zai iya taimakawa wajen daidaita metabolism: Abinci mai kyau, motsa jiki mai kyau, da kuma barci mai kyau suna da mahimmanci ga tsarin metabolism mai kyau.

Ka tuna, ba dukkan halittu ne ke rayuwa iri ɗaya ba.Ya dogara da abubuwa da yawa, ciki har da kwayoyin halitta, shekaru, jinsi, da kuma tsarin jiki. Don haka, kada ka kwatanta kanka da wasu. Abin da ke da mahimmanci shi ne ka kasance cikin koshin lafiya kuma ka dace da jikinka.

Idan kana da wasu tambayoyi, ya fi kyau ka tambayi likita.

Metabolism, kuzari, kalori, BMR, anabolism, catabolism, hormones