Shin ka san game da wannan ƙaramin mai kare jikinka? Komai game da Spleen!

Shin kun taɓa jin labarin wani gabobi da ake kira "spleen"? Wataƙila ba ku ji wani abu mai yawa ba. Amma za ku yi mamaki idan muka gaya muku cewa wannan ƙaramin jarumi ne wanda ke yin wani muhimmin aiki a cikin jikinmu a hankali? A gaskiya ma, wannan ƙaramin gabobi yana yin babban aiki wajen kare jikinmu. A yau, bari mu yi magana game da wannan gabobi da ake kira Spleen, menene aikinsa, waɗanne matsaloli zai iya haifarwa, da kuma dalilin da ya sa muke buƙatar sanin sa.

Menene ƙashin bayan? Ina yake?

To, da farko bari mu ga menene wannan maniyyi, da kuma inda yake a jikinmu. Ka yi tunanin yana gefen hagu, daidai a saman cikinka, a takaice, a ƙarƙashin kejin haƙarƙarinka, kuma wani gaɓar jiki ne mai laushi, mai laushi kamar girman dunkulallen hannu (wanda tsawonsa ya kai inci 4). Launi ne mai duhu ja-shunayya. Wasu suna cewa girman ƙaramin linzami ne. Duk da haka, ba babban gaɓa ba ne, amma yana yin aiki mai yawa!

Saifa kamar wurin bincike ne mai tsaro da wurin tsaftacewa a cikin jikinmu. Kamar yadda matatar ruwa ke tsarkake ruwa ta hanyar cire datti da abubuwa marasa amfani, saifa tana taimakawa wajen tsaftace jininmu ta hanyar gano da kuma cire tsoffin ƙwayoyin jinin ja da ba su da aiki, da kuma ƙwayoyin cuta da ke shiga jikinmu suna ƙoƙarin haifar da cututtuka.

Yanzu bari in gaya muku wani abu. Saifa wani muhimmin ɓangare ne na tsarin lymphatic ɗinmu. Wataƙila kuna mamakin, "Menene wannan tsarin lymphatic?" A taƙaice, tsarin ƙananan hanyoyi ne da magudanan ruwa waɗanda ke gudana a cikin jikinmu. Wannan tsarin yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye daidaiton ruwa a cikin jikinmu (muna kiransa 'ruwa tsakanin kyallen takarda'). Haka kuma, wannan tsarin lymphatic yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen yaƙi da abubuwa masu cutarwa kamar ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke shiga jikinmu da kuma kare mu daga cututtuka. Wani ruwa mai haske, mai ɗan rawaya kamar ruwa mai suna "lymph" yana ratsa ta cikin wannan tsarin. Wannan kuma ya ƙunshi furotin, gishiri, da fararen ƙwayoyin jini waɗanda ke kare jikinmu. Don haka saifa kamar babban cibiya ce da ke tallafawa aikin wannan tsarin lymphatic.

To, menene manyan ayyukan da maniyyi ke yi? Bari mu gano daidai!

Saifa muhimmin abu ne kuma ba makawa a cikin tsarin garkuwar jikinmu - tsarin kariya na jiki wanda ke kare mu daga cututtuka. Kamar yadda ƙwararren soja ke kare ƙasa, haka saifa ke kare jikinmu. Bari mu kalli wasu abubuwan ban mamaki da wannan ƙaramin gabobi ke yi:

• Tace jini: Wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyukan maniyyi. Ka yi tunanin, dukkan jinin da ke jikinmu yana ratsa maniyyi sau da yawa a rana. Yin hakan, maniyyi yana aiki kamar ƙwararren mai bincike . Wato:
• Cire tsoffin ƙwayoyin jini ja da suka lalace:Kwayoyin jininmu jajaye suma suna da wani tsawon rai (kimanin kwanaki 120). Idan suka tsufa kuma ba za su iya aiki yadda ya kamata ba, sai maniyyi ya gane su, ya wargaza su, sannan ya raba abubuwan da suke da su masu daraja, kamar ƙarfe, don jiki ya sake amfani da su. Kamar kawar da tsofaffin abubuwa ne da kuma zaɓar masu kyau.
• Cire ƙwayoyin jini marasa kyau: A wasu cututtuka (misali, a wasu yanayi na rashin jini), ƙwayoyin jini marasa kyau, marasa kyau na iya samuwa. Saifa ta gane kuma ta cire waɗannan ƙwayoyin.

• Yaƙi da ƙwayoyin cuta: Saifa kamar sansanin horo ne da kuma filin yaƙi don yaƙar ƙwayoyin cuta . Ta yaya hakan ke faruwa?
• A cikin saifa akwai adadi mai yawa na nau'ikan ƙwayoyin jini na musamman na farin jini . Waɗannan su ne abin da muke kira ''(lymphocytes)'' da ''(macrophages)''.
• Wani nau'in ƙwayar halitta mai suna "Lymphocytes" yana samar da ƙwayoyin rigakafi. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi suna kama da makamai na musamman. Suna samar da ƙwayoyin rigakafi waɗanda suka keɓance ga kowace ƙwayar cuta kuma suna hana waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta.
• Kwayoyin halitta da ake kira "Macrophages" kamar "ƙwayoyin masu cin abinci ne." Suna shakewa da kuma lalata ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jinin da ke ratsa cikin maniyyi. Su ne kuma waɗanda ke wargaza tsoffin ƙwayoyin jinin ja.

• Kula da yawan jini da ƙwayoyin jini: Saifa tana adana wani ɓangare na jimillar jinin da ke jikinmu (musamman jajayen ƙwayoyin jini da kuma platelets). A cikin gaggawa, misali, idan akwai yawan zubar jini sakamakon rauni, saifa tana fitar da wasu daga cikin wannan jinin da aka adana don taimakawa jiki. Kamar ƙaramin 'babban wutar lantarki' ne!

• Ajiyar ƙarfe: Saifa tana adana wani ƙarfe na ɗan lokaci wanda ake fitarwa lokacin da aka lalata ƙwayoyin jinin ja. Sannan ana aika wannan ƙarfen zuwa cikin bargon ƙashi don yin sabbin ƙwayoyin jinin ja.

Kalli irin aikin da wannan ƙaramin organ yake yi!

Wadanne irin matsaloli ne za su iya faruwa da maniyyi? Bari mu sani!

Ko da yake saifa tana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga jikinmu, wani lokacin ma tana iya samun matsaloli. Bari mu ga menene su.

Raunin ƙashi

Wannan ita ce matsalar da aka fi samu a cikin wannan saifa. Ta yaya saifa ke samun rauni?

• Huda mai ƙarfi a cikin ciki: Huda mai ƙarfi a gefen hagu na cikin yayin wasanni (misali, rugby, dambe), faɗa, ko haɗarin mota na iya lalata saifa.
• Karyewar haƙarƙari: Wani lokaci, idan aka karya ƙasan haƙarƙari a gefen hagu, wani yanki na karyewar haƙarƙari na iya cutar da saifa.

Idan saifa ta ji rauni, ko dai ta yage (ta yi rauni) ko kuma ta yi rauni (ta yi rauni) . Likitoci suna rarraba wannan raunin zuwa matakai bisa ga tsananin raunin. Yawanci akwai matakai daga 1 (ɗaya) zuwa 5 (biyar). Mataki na 1 shine mafi ƙaranci, kuma mataki na 5 shine mafi tsanani kuma mai yuwuwa barazana ga rayuwa.

Muhimmi: Idan ka taɓa samun bugu mai tsanani a cikin ciki, ko kuma ciwo mai tsanani a cikin babban ɓangaren hagu na ciki, ko jiri, ko kuma wahalar numfashi, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ka nemi shawarar likita nan take. Wannan na iya zama alamar lalacewa ga saifa.

A da, ko da maniyyin ya ɗan ji rauni kaɗan, likitoci kan yi tiyatar da ake kira splenectomy, wadda ta ƙunshi cire maniyyin gaba ɗaya . Amma ba haka lamarin yake ba yanzu. Saboda likitoci sun san muhimmancin maniyyin ga tsarin garkuwar jikinmu, suna yin duk abin da za su iya don taimaka wa maniyyin da ya ji rauni ya warke ba tare da cire shi ba. A mafi yawan lokuta, ƙananan raunuka da ƙashin baya suna warkewa tare da isasshen hutu da kuma iyakance ayyukan jiki kamar gudu, tsalle, da ɗaga nauyi na ɗan lokaci . Wani lokaci, kuna iya buƙatar zama a asibiti don kulawa. Sai dai idan lalacewar ta yi tsanani ne ake la'akari da tiyata.

Ƙara girman ƙashi / Ƙwayar halitta

Wasu cututtuka na iya sa saifa ta yi girma fiye da yadda aka saba, wato, ta kumbura. A magani, muna kiran wannan da suna `(Splenomegaly)` (splenomegaly). Akwai dalilai da dama da ke sa hakan ya faru:

• Wasu cututtuka: Misali, cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta kamar `(Infectious mononucleosis)` (mononucleosis - wasu mutane kuma suna kiransa "cutar sumba", ko?), cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta kamar malaria, da wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na iya sa saifa ta kumbura.
• Ciwon hanta: Cututtukan hanta kamar cirrhosis suma suna iya haifar da faɗaɗar saifa.
• Cututtukan Jini: Saifa kuma na iya kumbura a wasu nau'ikan ciwon daji, kamar cutar sankarar jini, lymphoma, da wasu cututtukan da suka shafi rashin jini.
• Cututtukan ajiya: A cikin yanayi masu wuya kamar cutar Gaucher, wasu abubuwa suna taruwa a cikin saifa, suna sa ta girma.

Yayin da saifa ke girma, tana ƙara saurin kamuwa da rauni. Saboda haka, idan kana da babban saifa sakamakon wata cuta kamar mononucleosis, yana da mahimmanci a guji wasanni da ayyukan da za su iya haifar da matsin lamba a ciki har sai ya koma daidai girmansa. In ba haka ba, ko da ƙaramin abu zai iya fashe saifa.

Rage Aikin Kwakwalwa / Rashin Jin Daɗi ko Asplenia

A wasu lokutan, saifa na iya kasancewa amma ba ya aiki yadda ya kamata. Ko kuma, mutum yana iya haihuwa ba tare da saifa ba (wannan ba kasafai yake faruwa ba).

• Misali, mutanen da ke fama da matsalar jini ta gado "Ciwon Sickle Cell" suna samun lalacewar saifansu tun suna ƙanana, kuma bayan wani lokaci sai ya ragu ya daina aiki (wanda ake kira "autosplenectomy").
• Akwai mutanen da aka cire musu saifa ta hanyar tiyata ('splenectomy').

Mutanen da ba su da saifa ko kuma waɗanda ke da saifa da ba ta aiki yadda ya kamata suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cututtuka masu tsanani daga wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta (musamman ƙwayoyin cuta masu tasowa kamar Pneumococcus, Meningococcus, da Haemophilus influenzae type b). Wannan saboda ba su da wata babbar hanyar kariya don tace waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta. Saboda haka, mutane suna son waɗannan:

• Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a yi allurar rigakafi ta musamman .
• Likitoci kuma za su iya ba da shawarar shan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta kowace rana .
• Idan ka kamu da zazzabi ko wasu alamun kamuwa da cuta, yana da mahimmanci ka nemi shawarar likita nan take .

Shin zai yiwu a rayu ba tare da maniyyi ba?

Wannan matsala ce ga mutane da yawa. Haka ne, yana yiwuwa a rayu ba tare da saifa ba. Bayan an cire saifa, wasu ayyukan da yake yi a da (musamman cire tsoffin ƙwayoyin jinin ja da kuma yaƙi da ƙwayoyin cuta) wasu gabobin jiki ne ke ɗaukar nauyinsu, kamar hanta da ƙashi.

Amma, ku tuna, rashin samun saifa ba yana nufin cewa ba ku da kariya gaba ɗaya. Duk da haka, tsarin garkuwar jikinku zai ɗan yi rauni. Saboda haka, kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, kuna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da wasu cututtuka kaɗan. Shi ya sa likitoci ke ba da allurar rigakafi da shawarwari masu mahimmanci.

Saboda haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci ga wanda aka cire masa saifa ya kula da lafiyarsa sosai, ya bi shawarar likita daidai, sannan ya nemi magani nan take idan akwai wata alama ta kamuwa da cuta .

To, menene muhimman abubuwan da ya kamata mu tuna? (Saƙon Gida)

Daga duk abin da muka tattauna, wataƙila kun fahimci cewa saifa ƙaramin jarumi ne a jikinmu wanda ke yin ayyuka da yawa marasa sauti amma masu matuƙar muhimmanci. A ƙarshe bari mu tunatar da kanmu waɗannan abubuwan:

• Saifa tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a tsarin kare jikinmu da kuma tsarkake jini. Ba wani muhimmin abu ba ne, amma samunta yana ba mu kariya mai kyau.
• Wannan ƙaramin gaɓa yana ba wa tsarin garkuwar jikinmu ƙarfi sosai. Yana yin abubuwa da yawa, kamar tace jini, cire tsoffin ƙwayoyin halitta, yaƙi da ƙwayoyin cuta, da kuma adana jini.
• Za a iya lalata saifa ta hanyar haɗari (misali, buguwa a ciki). Idan haka ta faru, nemi shawarar likita nan take. Amma kada ku damu, a mafi yawan lokuta waɗannan raunukan na iya warkewa tare da isasshen hutu da kulawar likita . Cire saifa (`splenectomy`) ba koyaushe ake buƙata ba.
• Wasu cututtuka, kamar kamuwa da cuta kamar "Infected mononucleosis", cututtukan jini kamar "Sickle cell disease", da cututtukan hanta, na iya sa saifa ta kumbura ko kuma ta lalace. A irin waɗannan yanayi, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a bi umarnin likita daidai .
• Mutanen da ba su da saifa (wanda aka cire ta hanyar tiyata ko kuma ba za a iya yi musu aiki ba) suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da wasu cututtuka.Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci a sami shawarar allurar rigakafin da likitoci suka ba da shawara, a sha maganin rigakafi idan ya cancanta, kuma a kula da lafiyar ku koyaushe .

To, yanzu kun san abubuwa da yawa game da wannan ƙaramar kariya, amma mai ƙarfi sosai a cikin jikinku. Kada ku manta ku yi tunani a kai ku kula da dukkan jikinku! Domin lafiya ita ce abu mafi daraja.

Kwayar halitta, garkuwar jiki, gabobi, jini, ƙwayoyin cuta, tsarin lymphatic, splenectomy, splenomegaly, cutar sickle cell, mononucleosis