Koyaushe kana gajiya? Koyaushe? Koyi game da wannan cutar jini mai wuya: Pure Red Cell Aplasia (PRCA)

Shin kana jin gajiya koyaushe, jiri, ko kuma kana fuskantar matsala wajen hawa matakala? Wataƙila wani ya tambaye ka, "Me ya sa kake yin fari haka a waɗannan kwanakin?" Waɗannan galibi alamun rashin jini ne. Amma a yau za mu yi magana game da wata cuta mai wuya da ke haifar da rashin jini, wadda mutane da yawa ba su ji ba, amma ya kamata mu sani. Wato Pure Red Cell Aplasia , ko PRCA a takaice.

A taƙaice dai, menene Pure Red Cell Aplasia (PRCA)?

Ka yi tunanin cewa a cikin manyan ƙasusuwanmu, wato ƙashin ƙashi, kamar babban masana'antar yin jini ne. Wannan masana'anta ita ce inda ake samar da nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta guda uku da jikinmu ke buƙata, wato ƙwayoyin jini ja, ƙwayoyin jini fari, da kuma ƙwayoyin platelets. Babban aikin ƙwayoyin jini ja shine ɗaukar iskar oxygen da ke shigowa cikin huhunmu lokacin da muke numfashi kuma a rarraba shi ga dukkan sauran ƙwayoyin halitta a cikin jiki.

Yanzu, a cikin wani yanayi da ake kira Pure Red Cell Aplasia (PRCA) , layin samar da masana'antar da ke yin jajayen ƙwayoyin halitta ya daina aiki ba zato ba tsammani. Samar da wasu nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta, wato fararen ƙwayoyin jini da platelets, yawanci ba ya canzawa sosai. Lokacin da samar da jajayen ƙwayoyin halitta kawai ya tsaya, adadin jajayen ƙwayoyin halitta a jiki yana raguwa a hankali. Wannan shine abin da muke kira anemia . Idan babu isassun ƙwayoyin halitta don ɗaukar iskar oxygen a cikin jiki, alamun da aka ambata a baya, kamar gajiya da rauni, suna fara bayyana.

Mene ne mafi yawan alamun cutar PRCA?

PRCA cuta ce da ke haifar da mummunan rashin jini, don haka alamun sun fi bayyana fiye da waɗanda ake gani da rashin jinin al'ada.

Me yasa irin wannan yanayi mai wuya ke faruwa?

Babu wani dalili guda ɗaya da ke haifar da PRCA. Akwai dalilai da dama da ke haifar da hakan. Wani lokaci kuma yana iya faruwa a matsayin wani mummunan yanayi na rashin lafiya.

• Cututtukan Kariya Daga Cututtukan Kai: A taƙaice dai, wannan shine lokacin da tsarin tsaron jikinmu (tsarin garkuwar jiki) ke kai hari ga jikinmu bisa kuskure. Wani lokaci wannan harin na iya kai hari ga ƙwayoyin da ke cikin ƙashi waɗanda ke yin ƙwayoyin jinin ja. Misali, PRCA na iya faruwa tare da cututtuka kamar `(System Lupus Erythematosus - SLE)` da `(Rheumatoid Arthritis)`.
• Ciwon Jini: Akwai haɗarin kamuwa da cutar PRCA tare da wasu nau'ikan cututtukan daji da suka shafi jini, musamman cutar sankarar lymphocytic ta yau da kullun (CLL) da kuma cutar sankarar lymphocytic ta babban granulocytic (LGL).
• Ciwon daji: Ciwon daji ne da ke tasowa a cikin glandar thymus a cikin ƙirji. Wannan kuma yana iya zama babban dalilin PRCA.
• Cututtukan Kwayar cuta: Parvovirus B19Kwayar cutar da ke haifar da PRCA ita ce babbar sanadin. Wannan kwayar cutar tana kai hari kai tsaye kan ƙwayoyin halitta a cikin bargo waɗanda ke da alhakin samar da ƙwayoyin jini ja. Haka kuma cutar HIV, ƙwayar cutar Epstein-Barr, da ƙwayoyin cutar hepatitis na iya haifar da ita.
• Cututtukan Bakteriya: Cututtukan bakteriya masu tsanani, kamar tarin fuka, suma ba kasafai suke haifar da cutar PRCA ba.
• Wasu magunguna: PRCA na iya faruwa a matsayin sakamako na wasu magunguna.
• Ciki: Ba kasafai ake samun wasu mata da ke fuskantar matsalar PRCA ta wucin gadi a lokacin daukar ciki ba. Duk da haka, matsalar kan warke ba zato ba tsammani bayan haihuwa.

Ta yaya likita zai gano wannan cuta?

Idan kana da alamun da aka ambata a sama, likita zai fara duba ka sannan ya ba da shawarar gwaje-gwaje da dama don tabbatar da ganewar cutar.

• Cikakken Kididdigar Jini (CBC): Wannan yana auna adadin ƙwayoyin jinin ja, fararen ƙwayoyin jini, da kuma platelets a cikin jininka. A cikin PRCA, adadin ƙwayoyin jinin ja yana da ƙasa sosai.
• Adadin ƙwayoyin jini masu kama da reticulocyte: Wannan yana auna adadin ƙwayoyin jinin ja marasa girma waɗanda aka samar a cikin bargo na ƙashi kuma aka ƙara su cikin jini. A cikin PRCA, wannan adadin ma yana da ƙasa sosai.
• Tabon Jini na Gefe: Ana ɗaukar digo na jini a duba shi ta hanyar na'urar hangen nesa (microscope) don duba siffar da yanayin ƙwayoyin jinin ja.
• Gwajin Parvovirus B19: Ana yin wannan gwajin ne idan akwai zargin kamuwa da cutar.
• CT Scan: Ana iya yin wannan gwajin idan akwai zargin wani ƙari kamar "Thymoma" a cikin ƙirji.
• Bugawar Maƙogwaro/Biopsy: Wannan ita ce gwaji mafi mahimmanci don tabbatar da cutar. Ana amfani da ƙaramin allura don cire samfurin maƙogwaro daga wani wuri kamar ƙashin ƙugu a ƙarƙashin maganin sa barci. A cikin PRCA, wannan na iya tabbatar da cewa maƙogwaro ya ƙare gaba ɗaya daga ƙwayoyin halittar jini masu samar da jajayen jini.

Yaya ake maganin PRCA?

Ana magance cutar PRCA ta hanyar gano musabbabin cutar da kuma magance wannan musabbabin.

Akwai hanyoyi da dama na magani:

• Magungunan rage garkuwar jiki: Idan sanadin cutar matsala ce da ke tattare da aikin garkuwar jiki, ana ba da magunguna kamar su (Corticosteroids) (misali Prednisone) da (Cyclosporine)' don magance ta.
• Zubar da Jini:Idan yawan jinin ya yi ƙasa sosai kuma alamun sun yi tsanani, ana ba da ƙarin jini a matsayin sauƙi cikin gaggawa. Amma wannan mafita ce ta ɗan lokaci. Tunda ci gaba da ƙarin jini na iya haifar da taruwar ƙarfe a jiki, ana buƙatar magani daban (Chelation Therapy) don cire ƙarin ƙarfe.
• Tiyata: Idan cutar ta samo asali ne daga ciwon glandar thymus (Thymoma), ana yin tiyata don cire glandar (Thymectomy).
• Dashen Kwayoyin Halitta: A wasu yanayi na kwayoyin halitta, ana dasa ƙwayoyin halitta da aka ɗauko daga mutum mai lafiya don ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar sabon tsarin kasusuwa masu lafiya.
• Maganin Immunoglobulin: Idan kamuwa da cutar Parvovirus B19 ne ya haifar da PRCA, wannan maganin yana sarrafa kwayar cutar.

Bari mu kuma koyi game da illolin magunguna.

Kamar dukkan magunguna, magungunan PRCA na iya haifar da wasu illa. Amma likitanka zai yi maka bayani a gaba.

Illolin magungunan rage garkuwar jiki (immunosuppressants)

• Samar da kuraje
• Hadarin kamuwa da ciwon suga
• Hawan Jini Mai Yawan Hawan Jini
• Ciwon ƙashi (osteoporosis)
• Karin nauyi
• Ciwon ciki da tashin zuciya

Illolin da ke tattare da ƙarin jini

• Zazzabi da ƙaiƙayi (alerji)
• Hadarin kamuwa da cuta
• Yawan ƙarfe da ya wuce gona da iri

Yaya rayuwata take da PRCA kuma ta yaya zan kula da kaina?

PRCA wani lokacin na iya zama wata cuta mai tsanani. Cutar na iya warkewa gaba ɗaya bayan magani ko kuma ta sake dawowa. Saboda haka, akwai abubuwa da yawa da za a yi la'akari da su yayin rayuwa da wannan matsalar.

• Ziyarci likitanka akai-akai: Ko da alamun cutar sun ɓace bayan magani, tabbatar da zuwa duba lafiyarka a tsawon lokacin da likitanka ya rubuta maka. Wannan zai taimaka maka gano duk wata barazanar sake dawowa da wuri.
• Yawan Kulawa: Wasu mutane na iya buƙatar ci gaba da shan magani a ƙaramin allurai don hana cutar dawowa.
• Rayuwa mai kyau:
• Kyakkyawan abinci: Tambayi likitanka game da abinci mai ɗauke da sinadarin iron da kuma abinci mai gina jiki.
• Shan isasshen ruwa: Hana jiki bushewa.
• Motsa Jiki: Yi motsa jiki mai aminci wanda ya dace da kai, kamar yadda likitanka ya ba da shawara.
• Kare kanka daga kamuwa da cututtuka:A wanke hannuwa akai-akai. A yi taka-tsantsan a wuraren da ke cike da jama'a. A yi magana da likitanka game da duk wata allurar rigakafi da ake buƙata.
• Kula da alamominka: Idan ka lura da wasu canje-canje a jikinka ko kuma wasu sabbin alamu, ka sanar da likitanka.