Shin ƙwayoyin halittar jininka sun yi ƙasa? Bari mu koyi daidai game da thrombocytopenia!

A yau za mu yi magana game da wata cuta da ke zuwa da kalma mai ɗan ban tsoro, amma za a iya magance ta da kyau idan an sanar da kai yadda ya kamata. Wannan ita ce Thrombocytopenia . Wataƙila ba ka taɓa jin wannan sunan ba a da. Ko kuma wataƙila likita ya gaya maka ko wani da ka sani game da shi. Menene wannan da ba a saba gani ba mai suna Thrombocytopenia? Me ya sa hakan ke faruwa? Shin yana da haɗari? Irin waɗannan tambayoyi da yawa dole ne su kasance a zuciyarka. Don haka bari mu yi magana game da duk wannan a sarari kuma a sauƙaƙe, kamar yin magana da aboki.

Menene thrombocytopenia?

A taƙaice dai, thrombocytopenia yana faruwa ne lokacin da ƙwayoyin platelets suka yi ƙasa da yadda ya kamata a cikin jininka. Yanzu wataƙila kana tunanin, "Menene waɗannan ƙwayoyin platelets?" Kada ka damu, za mu yi magana a kai ma.

Ka yi tunanin haka: jikinmu kamar babban masana'anta ne. Akwai nau'ikan ma'aikata daban-daban a cikin wannan masana'anta don ayyuka daban-daban. Hakazalika, akwai nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta daban-daban a cikin jininmu, kowannensu yana da takamaiman aiki. Platelets na jini ɗaya ne daga cikin irin waɗannan rukunin ma'aikata na musamman.

Don haka, idan adadin platelets ya faɗi ƙasa da matakin da ake buƙata, muna kiransa da Thrombocytopenia. Kamar dai lokacin da babu masu gadi a wurin aiki, ƙananan matsaloli na iya zama manyan.

Menene platelets? Me suke yi?

Platelets, ko kuma kamar yadda muke kiransu , platelets, ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta ne marasa launi a cikin jininmu. Ana samar da su a cikin sashin ƙasusuwanmu mai laushi da ake kira ƙashin ƙugu . Ka yi tunanin bargon ƙashi a matsayin masana'antar ƙwayoyin jini. A nan ne ake samar da ƙwayoyin jinin ja (ƙwayoyin da ke ba jini launin ja kuma suna ɗauke da iskar oxygen), fararen ƙwayoyin jini (ƙwayoyin da ke kare mu daga cututtuka), da kuma platelets.

Don haka, duk da cewa ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta ne, ƙwayoyin halitta suna yin babban aiki. Babban aikinsu shine dakatar da zubar jini, wato, daskare jinin. Idan ka ji rauni a wani wuri, zubar jinin zai tsaya bayan wani lokaci, ko ba haka ba? To, waɗannan ƙwayoyin halitta suna taimakawa wajen hakan. Suna zuwa wurin da ya ji rauni kuma suna mannewa, kamar magudanar ruwa, kuma suna hana jinin fitowa.

Don haka ka fahimci ra'ayin, ko ba haka ba? Platelets wani muhimmin bangare ne na jikinmu wanda ke sarrafa zubar jini, yana aiki kamar ƙananan "filastoci."

Me yasa ake samun Thrombocytopenia? Menene abubuwan da ke haifar da hakan?

To, yanzu mun san cewa thrombocytopenia raguwar platelets ne. Amma me yasa yake faruwa haka? Akwai dalilai da yawa na wannan. Bari mu raba su zuwa manyan rukuni uku:

1. Rage samar da platelets daga bargon ƙashi

Idan masana'antar platelets ɗinmu, wato ƙashi, ba ya aiki yadda ya kamata, adadin platelets da ake samarwa zai iya raguwa. Wannan na iya faruwa ne ta hanyar:

• Wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta (misali, kun ji cewa ƙwayoyin cuta suna raguwa idan kuna da zazzabin dengue).
• Wasu magunguna (musamman chemotherapy).
• Rashin bitamin B12 ko kuma rashin folic acid.
• Cututtukan da ke shafar ƙashi (misali, Leukemia , Aplastic Anemia ).
• Shan barasa fiye da kima.

2. Rushewar platelets cikin sauri (karyewar platelets da yawa)

Wani lokaci, ko da yake bargon ƙashi yana samar da platelets da kyau, suna lalacewa cikin jiki da sauri. Kamar yadda wasu kayayyaki masu kyau ke karyewa yayin jigilar kaya. Dalilan haka sune:

• Matsalolin garkuwar jiki: Wani lokaci tsarin garkuwar jikinmu (tsarin garkuwar jiki) yana fara lalata ƙwayoyin halittarsa ​​cikin kuskure. Wannan ana kiransa `(Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura - ITP)`. Haka kuma ana iya ganin hakan a cikin ƙananan yara.
• A matsayin sakamako na wasu magunguna (misali heparin).
• Wasu yanayi masu yaɗuwa.
• Wasu mutane na iya fuskantar ɗan raguwa a yawan platelets a lokacin daukar ciki, amma yawanci ba wata matsala ba ce mai tsanani.

3. Platelets suna taruwa a wuri ɗaya a cikin jiki (musamman a cikin saifa)

Jikinmu yana da wani sashe da ake kira spleen. Yana nan a gefen hagu na ciki. Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan spleen shine cire tsoffin ƙwayoyin jini. Duk da haka, wani lokacin idan spleen ya yi girma (misali, a cikin cututtuka kamar cirrhosis na hanta), yana iya tara platelets da yawa, wanda zai iya rage yawan platelets a cikin jini.

Ta yaya za ka san ko kana da thrombocytopenia? Menene alamun cutar?

Idan ƙwayoyin platelets suka yi ƙasa, ikon dakatar da zubar jini yana raguwa, don haka alamu iri-iri na iya bayyana. Duk da haka, waɗannan alamun ba sa faruwa ga kowa. Wasu mutane ba sa nuna wata alama ko da adadin ƙwayoyin platelets ɗinsu ya ɗan yi ƙasa. Duk da haka, idan yawan ƙwayoyin platelets ya ragu sosai, za ku iya ganin abubuwa kamar:

• Kumburi cikin sauƙi: Ko da ƙaramin kumburi na iya haifar da babban kumburi mai duhu. Wani lokaci, tabo masu launin shuɗi na iya bayyana a jiki.
• Ƙananan digo-digo ja/shuɗi a fata (petechiae): Waɗannan ƙananan digo-digo ne na jini waɗanda suke kama da an huda su da ƙaramin sanda kuma ba sa yin fari idan an matse su. Yawanci suna bayyana da farko a ƙafafu.
• Zubar da jini daga danshi: Zubar da jini daga danshi, ko lokacin goge haƙora ko kuma lokacin da kake tsaye a tsaye.
• Yawan zubar jini a hanci.
• Yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo kafin zubar jini ya tsaya bayan rauni.
• Zubar jini mai yawa yayin al'ada ga mata.
• Ba kasafai ake samun jini a cikin fitsari ko bayan gida ba.
• A cikin mawuyacin hali (wanda ba kasafai ake samunsa ba), yanayi masu haɗari kamar zubar jini a cikin kwakwalwa na iya faruwa.

Muhimmi: Idan kana da ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin waɗannan alamomin, ba lallai bane yana nufin kana da thrombocytopenia. Duk da haka, ya fi kyau ka ga likita don neman shawara.

Yaya za a san idan kana da thrombocytopenia (ganewar asali)?

Idan ka je wurin likita, za su tambaye ka game da alamomin cutar sannan su duba ka (musamman idan akwai wani rauni ko ja). Sannan za su iya yin gwaje-gwaje irin waɗannan don tantance ko kana da thrombocytopenia, idan kuma haka ne, me ke haifar da shi:

• Cikakken Kididdigar Jini (CBC): Wannan ita ce gwaji mafi mahimmanci. Yana auna adadin jajayen ƙwayoyin halitta, fararen ƙwayoyin halitta, kuma mafi mahimmanci, platelets a cikin jininka. Adadin platelets na yau da kullun a cikin mutum mai lafiya yana tsakanin 150,000 zuwa 450,000 a kowace millilita na jini. Thrombocytopenia shine lokacin da wannan adadin ya faɗi ƙasa da 150,000.
• Taɓar jinin da ke kewaye: Wannan ya ƙunshi ɗaukar digo na jini da kuma duba ƙwayoyin platelets a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa don ganin yadda suke da kuma girmansu.
• Ƙarin gwaje-gwaje: Idan an tabbatar da cewa thrombocytopenia ya faru, likitanka zai iya yin odar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje don gano musabbabin. Misali:
• Gwaje-gwaje don kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta.
• Gwaje-gwajen da suka shafi tsarin garkuwar jiki (don duba wata cuta kamar ITP).
• Idan ya zama dole, ana iya yin gwajin fitsari/kwayar halitta ta ƙashi . Wannan ya ƙunshi ɗaukar samfurin ƙashi da ƙaramin allura sannan a gwada shi don ganin ko ƙashin yana samar da platelets yadda ya kamata. Yawanci ana yin hakan a lokuta masu rikitarwa.

Menene hanyoyin magance thrombocytopenia?

Maganin thrombocytopenia ya danganta da dalilin ƙarancin adadin platelets, yadda ƙarancin adadin platelets yake, da kuma tsananin alamun cutar.

• Maganin Mummunan Ciwon: Wani lokaci, idan aka yi maganin matsalar thrombocytopenia, yawan platelets zai koma daidai. Misali, idan magani ya haifar da ƙarancin platelets, dakatar da maganin na iya taimakawa. Idan rashin bitamin ne, shan ƙwayoyin bitamin na iya taimakawa.
• Ƙananan Thrombocytopenia: Idan adadin platelets ɗinka bai yi ƙasa sosai ba, kuma ba ka da wata babbar alama, ƙila ba za ka buƙaci wani magani na musamman ba. Likitanka zai gaya maka ka yi gwajin jini akai-akai (sa ido).
• Maganin ITP (Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura):
• Steroids: Waɗannan suna rage aikin tsarin garkuwar jiki wanda ke lalata platelets.
• Immunoglobulin da ke cikin jijiya (IVIG): Wannan kuma yana shafar tsarin garkuwar jiki kuma yana rage lalata ƙwayoyin platelets.
• Sauran magungunan rage garkuwar jiki.
• A wasu lokuta masu tsanani, ana iya yin tiyatar cire ƙashi , domin saifa ita ce babbar hanyar da ake lalata ƙwayoyin halittar jini.
• Zubar da Platelet: Idan adadin platelet ya yi ƙasa sosai kuma akwai haɗarin zubar jini, ana iya ba da platelet a waje. Duk da haka, wannan mafita ce ta ɗan lokaci.

Muhimmi: Likitan ku zai yanke shawara kan wanne magani ya dace da ku, don haka yana da matukar muhimmanci ku bi umarnin likitan ku.

Me ya kamata mutum ya sani game da thrombocytopenia?

Idan kana da thrombocytopenia, yana da kyau ka kula da waɗannan abubuwa don rage haɗarin zubar jini:

• A guji wasanni da ayyukan da za su iya haifar da rauni: A guji wasannin da suka shafi hulɗa (misali wasan rugby, dambe).
• A yi hankali yayin amfani da kayan aiki masu kaifi: A yi taka tsantsan sosai lokacin amfani da abubuwa kamar wukake da almakashi.
• Yi amfani da buroshin haƙora mai laushi yayin goge haƙoranka. Ka guji cutar da dashen haƙoranka.
• Kada ku sha wasu magunguna ba tare da shawarar likitanku ba: Kada ku sha magungunan rage jini, musamman aspirin ko ibuprofen, ba tare da amincewar likitanku ba. Waɗannan suna ƙara haɗarin zubar jini.
• A rage ko a daina shan barasa gaba ɗaya.
• A guji maƙarƙashiya: A ci abinci mai yawan zare (kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa) kuma a sha ruwa mai yawa, domin maƙarƙashiya na iya haifar da zubar jini yayin da ake takurawa.
• Ka gaya wa likitanka nan take idan ka fuskanci zubar jini ba a saba gani ba, ciwon kai mai tsanani, ko wasu sabbin alamu.

A ƙarshe, mafi mahimmancin abubuwan da za a tuna (Saƙon Ɗauka Gida)

Duk da cewa sunan thrombocytopenia na iya zama abin tsoro, amma wata cuta ce da za a iya magance ta da kyau idan kun san ta, ku ga likita a kan lokaci, kuma ku sami maganin da ya dace.

Ka tuna:

* Thrombocytopenia raguwar platelets a cikin jini ne.

* Platelets ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta ne da ke taimakawa wajen dakatar da zubar jini.

* Akwai dalilai da yawa da ke haifar da hakan.

* Idan kana fuskantar alamu kamar yin shudi cikin sauƙi ko zubar da jini daga danko, ka nemi likita.

* Ana iya gano wannan cikin sauƙi ta hanyar gwajin jini mai suna CBC.

* Maganin ya dogara ne da musabbabin da kuma tsananin cutar.

Don haka, idan kai ko wani da ka sani yana da matsala irin wannan, kada ka firgita, kada ka firgita, ka nemi shawarar likita. Ilimin da ya dace shine mafi kyawun kariya!

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