Loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kāu keiki nā hōʻailona o ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻolohe ʻana, ka nānā ʻole ʻana, a i ʻole ka hana koke ʻana? Inā pēlā, hiki i kāu kauka ke paipai i kahi ADHD Screening. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he ADHD Assessment. ʻAʻole kēia he hoʻāʻo, akā he loiloi e hoʻoholo ai inā he ADHD kou.
ʻO ka mea mua, he aha ka ADHD?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ADHD ke kū nei no ka Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder . He kūlana ia e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o ko kākou lolo. Hoʻomaka pinepine ia i ka wā kamaliʻi. I ka wā ma mua, ʻo ka poʻe i loaʻa ʻole ke ʻano o 'Hyperactivity' akā ʻaʻole hiki ke noho ma kahi hoʻokahi ua kapa ʻia ʻo ADD (Attention-Deficit Disorder). Akā i kēia manawa ua manaʻo ʻia hoʻi he ʻano ADHD.
Hiki i kekahi kanaka me ADHD ke loaʻa nā pilikia liʻiliʻi me nā mea e like me:
- Ka hana koke ʻole: Hana koke ʻana i nā mea me ka noʻonoʻo ʻole.
- Hyperactivity: Ka hiki ʻole ke noho ma kahi hoʻokahi, e holo mau ana a e lele ana.
- Hoʻopilikia: Ka nalowale ʻana o ka manaʻo ma nā mea liʻiliʻi loa, me ka paʻakikī i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka hana e hana nei.
- Paʻakikī i ka hahai ʻana i nā kuhikuhi: Paʻakikī i ka hoʻolohe ʻana i nā kuhikuhi a me ka hahai pololei ʻana iā lākou.
- Paʻakikī e hoʻopau i kahi hana: Ke hoʻomaka nei i kahi hana akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopau a hāʻawi pio i ka hapalua.
I ka manawa hea e hana ʻia ai kahi hoʻokolohua ADHD?
I ka manawa pinepine, hana ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo ke ʻike kekahi makua, kumu, a kauka paha o ke keiki i kahi loli i ke ʻano o ke keiki. ʻO ia hoʻi, inā me he mea lā ke hoʻopilikia nei ke ʻano o ke keiki i kāna hana home a i ʻole nā hana kula.
Hoʻomaopopo mua ʻia ka ADHD i ka wā kamaliʻi, ʻo ia ke kumu e nīnau pinepine ai nā pediatricians i nā mākua a me nā kumu e pili ana i ke ʻano o kā lākou keiki ma ka home a ma ke kula.
Inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi loli i ke ʻano o kāu keiki, a inā manaʻo ʻoe he mau hōʻailona ADHD kou ma ke ʻano he kanaka makua, hiki iā ʻoe ke kamaʻilio me kāu kauka a loaʻa kēia loiloi. ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no ADHD i kēia manawa. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻike mua ʻia kēia ʻano, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pono ai a hoʻomaʻalahi i ke ola. No ka mea, hiki i kēia ʻano ke hele pū me nā pilikia aʻo a me nā pilikia ʻano.
Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hoʻāʻo ʻia kaʻu keiki no ADHD?
ʻO kāu hana mua, ʻo ia ke kamaʻilio ʻana me ke kauka pediatric o kāu keiki, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e hopohopo nei no:
- Hiki i kāu keiki ke paʻakikī ke noho i ka noʻonoʻo pono, noho ma kahi hoʻokahi, a kaohi i kona ʻano wikiwiki.
- He hopena nui kēia mau ʻano hana i ka home a me ka hana kula a ke keiki.
Inā hoʻopilikia kēia mau hōʻailona i ke aʻo ʻana o kāu keiki, e ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e kāhea i ke kula a noi i kahi loiloi aʻo. E kikoʻī e like me ka hiki e pili ana i nā pilikia aʻo a i ʻole nā pilikia o kāu keiki. No ka laʻana, nā mea e like me ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā leka a i ʻole nā helu, ka paʻakikī i ke kākau ʻana, a pēlā aku.
Ma ke kānāwai, hiki i nā kula ke nānā i nā keiki ma waena o 3 a me 21 mau makahiki no nā pilikia aʻo. Manuahi kēia loiloi.
ʻO ka mea nui , ʻaʻole hiki i ke kula ke ʻike i ka ADHD. Akā hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopaʻa i nā hōʻailona a hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou ma ke ʻano he "Other Health Impaired" (OHI). Hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kope o kēia hōʻike me ʻoe ke hele ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka. He kōkua nui kēia hōʻike kula i ke kauka i ka wā e nānā ai i kāu keiki.
No nā keiki wale nō anei kēia hoʻāʻo? Loaʻa nō hoʻi no nā pākeke?
ʻAʻole. Hiki ke hoʻāʻo ʻia a ʻike ʻia nā pākeke me ADHD i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma kahi o 4% o nā pākeke he mau hōʻailona ADHD. I nā hihia he nui, ua loaʻa kēia mau hōʻailona mai ka wā kamaliʻi, akā ʻaʻole paha i ʻike ʻia. Inā manaʻo ʻoe he mau hōʻailona ADHD paha kāu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāu kauka a hoʻāʻo ʻia.
ʻAe, e nānā kākou pehea e hana ai kēia hoʻāʻo.
ʻAʻole kēia he hana hoʻokahi wale nō. Hahai nā kauka i kekahi mau ʻanuʻu e ʻike ai i kēia maʻi, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā alakaʻi mai ka American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR™).
ʻEkolu mau ʻanuʻu nui o ke kaʻina hana hōʻoia ADHD:
1. Ke ʻike ʻana i nā hōʻailona: ʻO ka mea mua, e ʻike inā he mau hōʻailona e pili ana i ka ADHD, a inā paha e hoʻopilikia ana kēlā mau hōʻailona i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā.
2. Ke kāpae ʻia nei nā kumu ʻē aʻe: Ke ʻimi nei mākou i nā kumu ʻē aʻe o kēia mau hōʻailona. No ka laʻana, hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau hōʻailona e nā mea e like me nā pilikia hiamoe, nā pilikia pili kanaka, a me ke kaumaha.
3. Ke ʻike ʻana i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe (Comorbidity): Ke ʻimi nei mākou i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e noho pū ana me ka ADHD, e like me nā pilikia aʻo, nā maʻi hopohopo, nā kīnā noʻonoʻo, a i ʻole nā maʻi naʻau.
I ka wā o ka loiloi ADHD, hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i nā mea e like me:
- Hoʻokolokolo lapaʻau: Hana ʻia kahi hoʻokolokolo lapaʻau, kino, a i ʻole neurodevelopmental e hoʻoholo ai inā loaʻa nā hōʻailona ADHD (attention deficit, hyperactivity, impulsivity).
- Nā nīnau nīnau a me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻike:Hoʻohana ʻia nā nīnau nīnau kikoʻī (nā unahi helu) a me nā kumu ʻike ʻē aʻe e ʻike ai inā ua hoʻokō ke keiki a i ʻole ʻoe i nā kūlana maʻamau.
- Ninaninau: Ke nīnau ʻana e pili ana i ke ʻano o ke keiki ma nā wahi like ʻole, e like me ka home a ma ke kula.
No ka ʻike ʻana i ka ADHD, nānā pono nā kauka i kēia mau mea.
| Māhele | Nā Manaʻo |
|---|---|
| No nā keiki | Pono e loaʻa i ʻeono a ʻoi aku paha nā hōʻailona mai kekahi a i ʻole nā ʻano nui ʻelua (ka nānā ʻole a me ka hyperactivity/impulsivity) no nā mahina ʻeono i hala. |
| No nā mākua | Ma kekahi o nā ʻano nui ʻelua, pono he 5 a ʻoi aku paha nā hōʻailona i loaʻa no nā mahina 6 i hala. |
| Nā kiko laulā |
|
Aia kekahi mau kūlana ʻē aʻe e like me ADHD?
ʻAe. No ka ʻike pololei ʻana i ka ADHD, pono kāu kauka e kāpae i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻoulu i kēia mau hōʻailona. Eia kekahi mau kūlana ʻē aʻe i hiki ke kuhihewa ʻia no ADHD.
| Kūlana | Pehea e like ai me ADHD? |
|---|---|
| Hopohopo | Hoʻomaha mau a paʻakikī ke kau ʻana i ka manaʻo ma kekahi mea. |
| Kaumaha | Ka nalowale o ka hoihoi i ka hana, ka paʻakikī o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana. |
| Nā pilikia aʻo | Paʻakikī i ka hoʻolohe ʻana i ka hana kula, paʻakikī i ka hahai ʻana i nā kuhikuhi. |
| ʻAutism | Paʻakikī i nā pilina pilikanaka, hyperactivity. |
| Nā hopu ʻana i ʻike ʻole ʻia | Ka nalowale koke ʻana o ka noʻonoʻo pono, me he mea lā aia ʻoe i loko o kahi "honua moeʻuhane". |
| Nā pilikia hiamoe | Ka hiamoe i ke ao, ka hoʻomaha ʻole, a me ka paʻakikī i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana. |
He aha ka mea e hana ʻia ma mua a ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo?
Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hoʻokolohua?
Ke hele ʻoe no ka hoʻokolohua, e lawe mai i kahi papa inoa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau āu a kāu keiki paha e lawe nei. Eia kekahi, e mākaukau e pane i nā nīnau e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala olakino ʻohana, ka mōʻaukala olakino pilikino, ka hana kula a hana paha, a me ke ʻano. E ʻaʻahu ʻoluʻolu, no ka mea, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe kahi hoʻokolohua kino.
He aha ka mea e manaʻo ai i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo?
- Ka pane ʻana i nā nīnau: Pono ʻoe e kamaʻilio me ke kauka e pili ana i kāu mōʻaukala olakino, nā hōʻailona, a me nā ʻano o kāu keiki.
- He nīnau hoʻāʻo:Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopiha i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha mau nīnau. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoʻopiha i nā nīnau i ka ʻohana, nā hoaaloha, a i ʻole nā kumu.
- Hoʻokolokolo kino: Hana ʻia kahi hoʻokolokolo kino laulā e kāpae i nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe.
- Ke nānā ʻana i ke keiki: Inā e hana ʻia ana ka hoʻāʻo ma kāu keiki, e hoʻolilo ke kauka i kekahi manawa me ke keiki e nānā i kā lākou ʻano.
ʻEhia ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana?
ʻO ka maʻamau , hoʻokahi a ʻekolu hola ka lōʻihi o ka loiloi ADHD. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke lōʻihi ka loiloi piha no ka mea pono ke kauka e hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻike mai nā kumu he nui (nā mākua, nā kumu). Inā pono nā hoʻokolohua hou e kāpae i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hala i nā lā a i ʻole nā pule.
He aha nā hopena ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo?
No ka mea, he hana nui nā ʻanuʻu no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka ADHD, hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā hopena. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻoe a i ʻole kāu keiki me kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe, e like me ka hopohopo a i ʻole ke kaumaha, ma kahi o ka ADHD.
Inā kū ʻoe a i ʻole kāu keiki i nā pae hoʻohālikelike no ADHD, hiki i kāu kauka ke hōʻoia iā ʻoe me kekahi o nā ʻano nui ʻehā o ADHD:
- ʻAno hyperactive/impulsive nui: ʻO ka poʻe e hōʻike ana i nā ʻano hyperactive/impulsive no ka liʻiliʻi he 6 mau mahina, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia he "inattentive."
- ʻAno makaʻala ʻole: Ma mua i kapa ʻia ʻo ADD, ʻo ia kekahi kanaka i loaʻa nā pilikia hoʻolohe no ka liʻiliʻi he 6 mau mahina akā ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia he hyperactive/impulsive.
- ʻAno i hui pū ʻia: ʻO ka poʻe e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona ADHD ʻelua (ka nānā ʻole a me ka hyperactivity) no ka liʻiliʻi he 6 mau mahina. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā keiki me ADHD e hāʻule i loko o kēia ʻano.
- ʻO nā ADHD ʻē aʻe i kuhikuhi ʻia/ʻaʻole i kuhikuhi ʻia: ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa nā pilikia nānā akā ʻaʻole i hoʻokō i nā pae āpau e pono ai e hāʻawi ʻia i kahi hōʻailona ADHD piha.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hopena hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ka nui o nā hoʻāʻo a ke kauka e hana ai ma mua o ka hana ʻana i kahi hōʻailona. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia ma ke nīnau ʻana i kāu kauka.
ʻAʻole hiki i nā nīnau pūnaewele wale nō ke hoʻoholo inā he ADHD ko ke kanaka. Hāʻawi wale lākou i kahi manaʻo maʻamau. ʻO ke kauka i aʻo ʻia wale nō ke hiki ke ʻike i ka ADHD a kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Inā ʻoe e hopohopo nei a hopohopo paha e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻia no ka ADHD, e hoʻomanaʻo he maʻi hiki ke mālama ʻia kēia i loaʻa i nā poʻe he nui. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hōʻailona kūpono a me ka mālama ʻana hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i kou ʻano ola. No laila, inā manaʻo ʻoe he ADHD paha ʻoe a i ʻole kāu keiki, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka i kēia lā. Eia lākou e kōkua.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He maʻi olakino maoli ka ADHD. ʻAʻole ia he palaualelo a he pilikia pili i ke ʻano.
- Hiki i kēia maʻi ke hoʻopilikia i nā keiki a me nā pākeke. Ua loaʻa paha i nā pākeke he nui kēia maʻi mai ko lākou wā kamaliʻi mai a ʻaʻole lākou i ʻike.
- ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻāʻo ʻana iā ADHD e like me ka hoʻāʻo koko. He loiloi piha ia e lawe ana i ka ʻike mai nā poʻe he nui, me nā kauka, nā mākua, a me nā kumu.
- Inā kānalua ʻoe he mau hōʻailona ADHD kāu a i ʻole kāu keiki, he mea nui loa ia e ʻike i ke kauka kūpono ma mua o ka ʻimi ʻana i ka ʻike ma ka pūnaewele.
- ʻO ka ʻike mua ʻana, ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono (lāʻau lapaʻau, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hana), a me ke kākoʻo e hiki ai ke hoʻomaikaʻi a maʻalahi i ke ola.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment