Ke lawe nei paha ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi ʻaleka, ka hānō, ka mimi pinepine, a i ʻole ka maʻi neʻe. ʻOiai he ʻokoʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau no kēlā me kēia maʻi, ʻo ka hapa nui o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ka papa nui like o nā lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ia ka papa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia lā. Ua kapa ʻia lākou he anticholinergics. ʻAʻole paha ʻoe i lohe i kēia inoa, akā ke lawe nei paha ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha kēia mau lāʻau anticholinergic?
I mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i kēia, e kamaʻilio mua kākou e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana nerve o ko kākou kino. Hoʻololi nā ʻelemene nerve i loko o ko kākou kino i nā leka kekahi i kekahi, e like me ka mea lawe leka e hāʻawi ana i nā leka. Kāhea mākou i nā kemika e lawe ana i kēia mau leka he neurotransmitters. ʻO kekahi ʻelele kūikawā ʻo acetylcholine .
Hana nui ia ma kahi ʻāpana o kā mākou ʻōnaehana nerve ponoʻī. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo ka ʻōnaehana nerve parasympathetic. ʻOiai ke kani iki nei ka inoa he paʻakikī, he maʻalahi loa kāna hana. ʻO ia ka mea e hoʻomākaukau ai i ko mākou kino e "Hoʻomaha a Hoʻoheheʻe." ʻO ia hoʻi nā mea e like me ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻana i ka puʻuwai o ko mākou puʻuwai, ka hoʻopuka ʻana i ka lawai a me nā wai hoʻoheheʻe, a me ka kaohi ʻana i ka hana o ka ʻōpū mimi.
I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hana a nā lāʻau Anticholinergic, ʻo ia ke hoʻopilikia nei lākou i ka hana a kēlā ʻelele i kapa ʻia ʻo Acetylcholine. ʻO ia hoʻi, ke ālai nei lākou iā ia. A laila ua hoʻemi iki ʻia kekahi o nā kaʻina hana e kōkua iā ʻoe e "hoʻomaha a hoʻoheheʻe". He mea pono loa kēia no mākou i kekahi mau kūlana olakino.
He aha ke ʻano o nā maʻi e hoʻohana ʻia ai kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau?
Aia ma mua o 600 mau lāʻau lapaʻau me nā waiwai anticholinergic. ʻO kēia ka hana nui o kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau. Hiki iā ia ke lilo i hopena ʻaoʻao o nā mea ʻē aʻe. E nānā kākou i nā hoʻohana nui o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau.
| Inoa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau (laʻana) | Nā hihia i hoʻohana nui ʻia |
|---|---|
| ʻAtropine | Ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau no ka lohi o ka puʻuwai (bradycardia) a me kekahi mau lāʻau ʻawahia. |
| Benztropine, Trihexyphenidyl | No ka mālama ʻana i nā hōʻailona e like me nā haʻalulu i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi o Parkinson. |
| ʻO Diphenhydramine | Aia ia i loko o nā pila allergy he nui a me kekahi mau pila hiamoe. |
| ʻIpratropium, Tiotropium | Aia ia i loko o nā mea inhaler i hoʻohana ʻia no nā maʻi hanu e like me ka hānō a me ka COPD. |
| Oxybutynin, Solifenacin, Tolterodine | Hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi ia ma ke ʻano he kirīmi e kāohi ai i ka mimi pinepine (Urge Incontinence) a me nā ʻūmiʻi ʻiʻo o ka ʻōpū mimi. Loaʻa pū ia ma ke ʻano he kirīmi e mālama ai i ka hou nui (Hyperhidrosis). |
| ʻO Scopolamine | Hāʻawi ʻia ia no ka nausea a me ka luaʻi ʻana i ka wā e hele ai (maʻi neʻe). |
| ʻO Glycopyrrolate, Vecuronium | Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hōʻemi i ka salivation ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana a e hoʻomaloʻo i nā ʻiʻo i ka wā o ke ʻoki ʻana. |
Eia kekahi, ʻo kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ke kaumaha, nā lāʻau lapaʻau psychiatric, a me kekahi mau lāʻau allergy (antihistamine) hiki ke loaʻa kēia waiwai anticholinergic ma ke ʻano he hopena ʻaoʻao.
He aha nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kēia ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau?
Nā Pōmaikaʻi
He nui nā hoʻohana o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau. I kekahi manawa he mea hoʻōla ola lākou. Eia kekahi laʻana, ke ale ʻia kahi mea make e like me ka insecticide, hāʻawi ʻia kahi lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo Atropine ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau. Kōkua pū kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka helu o ka puʻuwai ke hāʻule haʻahaʻa loa.
Mea nui:Inā ʻai kekahi i ka lāʻau make, e lawe koke i ka mea maʻi i ka haukapila kokoke loa ʻo Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU). He mea nui hoʻi e kelepona i ke Kikowaena ʻIke Lāʻau Make Lahui ma ka Halemai Lahui ʻo Colombo no ka ʻike hou aku.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, kōkua pū kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ko kākou ola. E noʻonoʻo, pehea ka maikaʻi o ka mea nāna i pale i ka hele ʻana i kahi huakaʻi no ka mea ua makaʻu lākou i ka luaʻi ʻana, e hiki ke lawe i kahi pila liʻiliʻi a hele i kēlā huakaʻi me ka ʻole o nā pilikia? Pēlā nō, kōkua kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka mea i makaʻu i ka hele pinepine ʻana i ka lua, e ola i kahi ola maʻamau.
Nā hopena ʻaoʻao
E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, hiki i kēia mau lāʻau anticholinergic ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole loaʻa i nā kānaka a pau, a hiki ke ʻokoʻa lākou ma muli o ka nui o ka lāʻau, ka makahiki o ke kanaka, a me nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka poʻe ʻelemakule e ʻike i kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao.
Eia kahi hana maʻalahi e hoʻomanaʻo ai i kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao:
- "Wela e like me ka lāpaki" - Hoʻonui ʻia ka mahana o ke kino.
- "Makapō e like me ka ʻōpeʻapeʻa" - Hoʻopālahalaha ʻia nā ʻōlinolino o nā maka, e hoʻopōwehiwehi ai ka ʻike.
- "Māloʻo e like me ka iwi" - ua emi ka hana ʻana o ka lawai a me nā waimaka.
- "ʻUlaʻula e like me ka pī" - Ka ʻulaʻula ʻana o ka ʻili.
- "Hehena e like me ka pāpale" - huikau, pilikia hoʻomanaʻo.
| Nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| Waha maloʻo | ʻO ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka emi ʻana o ka hana ʻana o ka lawai. |
| ʻIke Pōwehiwehi | Paʻakikī ke ʻike kokoke ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka haumāna. |
| ʻAʻole hiki ke holo i ka mimi (Urinary Retention) | Ke paʻakikī i ka hoʻokahe loa ʻana i ka mimi ma muli o ka hoʻomaha ʻana o nā ʻiʻo o ka ʻōpū mimi. |
| Ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻōpū | Ka lohi ʻana o nā kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe. |
| Ka huikau/Dementia | Hiki ke hana ʻia i nā poʻe ʻelemakule. |
| Ka wikiwiki o ka puʻuwai (Tachycardia) | Manaʻo o ka piʻi ʻana o ka puʻuwai. |
Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?
Inā ʻoe e hoʻohana nei i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e like me kēia, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka ma nā kūlana aʻe:
- Inā ʻaʻole lawe mai ka lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei iā ʻoe i ka hōʻoluʻolu i makemake ʻia.
- Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha a ke kauka.
- Inā pilikia nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kāu mau hana o kēlā me kēia lā (no ka laʻana, inā pilikia ʻoe i ka ʻai ʻana ma muli o ka waha maloʻo, a inā pilikia ʻoe i ka hoʻokele kaʻa a i ʻole ka heluhelu ʻana i kahi puke ma muli o ka ʻike maka pōuliuli).
ʻO ka mea nui loa, mai ho'ōki i ka lawe ʻana i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻololi paha i ka nui me ka ʻole o ka nīnau mua ʻana i kāu kauka. ʻO ka hana ʻana pēlā e hoʻonui ai i kou kūlana.
Inā he mau nīnau kāu e pili ana i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau, mai makaʻu e nīnau i kāu kauka ʻohana. Hiki iā ia ke wehewehe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa iā ʻoe, kona mau pono, a me kona mau hopena ʻaoʻao.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO Anticholinergics kahi papa maʻamau o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā ʻano like ʻole, e like me nā maʻi allergies, ka hānō, ka maʻi o Parkinson, a me nā pilikia urinary.
- Hana kēia mau hana ma ke ālai ʻana i ka hana o kahi ʻelele kemika i kapa ʻia ʻo acetylcholine i loko o ka ʻōnaehana nerve o ke kino.
- Hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao e like me ka waha maloʻo, ka ʻike maka pohihihi, ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻōpū, a me ka huikau. Kiʻekiʻe loa kēia pilikia i ka poʻe ʻelemakule.
- Mai ho'ōki i ka lawe ʻana i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻololi paha i ka dosage me ka ʻole o ke aʻo ʻana a ke kauka.
- Inā he mau hopohopo kāu e pili ana i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole kona mau hopena ʻaoʻao, ʻo ke kanaka maikaʻi loa e kamaʻilio pū ai, ʻo ia kāu kauka.
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