Ua kuhikuhi anei kāu kauka i kahi lāʻau 'Antimetabolite' nou a i ʻole kekahi mea kokoke iā ʻoe e mālama i kahi maʻi kanesa? Inā pēlā, makemake paha ʻoe e ʻike i nā mea āpau e pili ana i kēia ʻano lāʻau, kona mau pono a me nā pōʻino, a pehea e hana ai. ʻO nā Antimetabolites kahi papa o nā lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka chemotherapy e pepehi i ka maʻi kanesa. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he ʻano lāʻau kahiko loa ia i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa, i hoʻohana ʻia mai ka makahiki 1940.
He aha kēia mau antimetabolites? Pehea lākou e hana ai?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo nā antimetabolites kahi ʻano lāʻau e hoʻopau i nā cell (cytotoxic) . He maalea loa kā lākou hana.
E noʻonoʻo, pono kahi ʻāpana i loko o ko kākou kino, ʻoiai he ʻāpana maʻi kanesa, i kekahi o kāna mau 'mea hoʻohui' ponoʻī e ulu, māhele, a hoʻonui. ʻO ka hana a kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo ia ke hana ma ke ʻano he 'mea hoʻohui hoʻopunipuni' e like me kēlā mau mea hoʻohui. No laila, ua hoʻopunipuni ʻia nā ʻāpana maʻi kanesa a ma kahi o nā mea hoʻohui maoli e pono ai lākou e ulu, ua ʻai lākou i kēia mau mea hoʻohui hoʻopunipuni, ʻo kā mākou lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻO ka ʻike genetic o kahi cell, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka palapala hoʻolālā piha o kēlā cell, aia i loko o nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo DNA a me RNA . Ke komo kēia lāʻau antimetabolite i loko o ke cell kanesa, ʻaʻole hiki i kēlā cell ke hana i nā kope o kāna DNA. Ua like ia me ke kau ʻana i ka cartridge hewa i loko o kahi mīkini paʻi a ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hana i nā kope.
Ke hiki ʻole ke kope ʻia ka DNA, ʻaʻole hiki i kēlā cell ke māhele i nā cell hou. E pau ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā cell cancer a make.
Ma muli o ke kuhikuhi pono ʻana o kēia ʻano lāʻau i nā pūnaewele e māhele wikiwiki ana , he mea kūpono loa ia i ka kaohi ʻana i nā maʻi kanesa e ulu wikiwiki ana.
Aia ma lalo iho kekahi o nā antimetabolites i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa.
| ʻO kekahi mau antimetabolites i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia |
|---|
| 6-mercaptopurine |
| ʻO Fludarabine |
| 5-fluorouracil |
| ʻO Gemcitabine |
| ʻO Cytarabine |
| ʻO Pemetrexed |
| ʻO Methotrexate |
He aha nā ʻano maʻi kanesa e hoʻohana ʻia ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā antimetabolites e mālama i nā maʻi kanesa koko e like me ka leukemia , ka maʻi kanesa umauma , ka maʻi kanesa ovarian , a me nā maʻi kanesa ʻōpū .
Akā no ka mea hiki i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke kāohi i ka ulu ʻana o kekahi ʻano cell e māhele wikiwiki ana, paipai pū nā kauka iā lākou no nā ʻano maʻi ʻē aʻe.
Pehea e loaʻa ai iaʻu kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻOkoʻa ke ʻano o ka lawelawe ʻana i nā lāʻau antimetabolite ma muli o ka lāʻau i nīnau ʻia a me ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa e mālama ʻia nei.
- Nā papa a wai paha: Loaʻa kekahi mau antimetabolites ma ke ʻano he papa a wai paha e hiki ke lawe ʻia e ka waha i kēlā me kēia lā.
- Intravenous (IV): Aia kekahi mau ʻano inikini ʻē aʻe i hāʻawi ʻia i loko o kahi aʻa. Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he wai saline ma o kahi aʻa. No ka poʻe e mālama ʻia ana no ka manawa lōʻihi, hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma o kahi ʻōmole kūikawā (mediport) i kau ʻia i loko o kahi aʻa nui ma waena.
- Nā Kirimina: Loaʻa pū nā antimetabolites i hoʻohana ʻia no ka maʻi ʻili ma ke ʻano he kirimina topical. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau mea i ka ʻili i hoʻopilikia ʻia i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha i ka lā.
He aha nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pilikia o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui o kēia ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo ia ka luku ʻana i nā hunaola kanesa, hoʻōki i ka ulu ʻana o ke kanesa a hoʻēmi paha iā ia. Kōkua kēia i ka mea maʻi e hoʻōla a hoʻolōʻihi i ko lākou ola.
Eia nō naʻe, aia kahi pilikia . ʻAʻole like ka hana o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau no nā kānaka a pau. I kekahi manawa, paʻakikī i nā kauka ke haʻi pololei i ka maʻi kanesa kūpono o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻO kekahi mea nui, i kekahi manawa, ʻoiai ke hana maikaʻi nei i ka wā mua, i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua maʻa nā hunaola kanesa i kēia lāʻau. Kāhea mākou i kēia he 'kūpaʻa'. A laila, ʻaʻole hiki i ka lāʻau ke hana hou.
He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o nā antimetabolites?
No ka mea, he papa lāʻau lapaʻau nā antimetabolites, ʻaʻole hoʻokahi lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao. No laila, inā ua kuhikuhi ʻia ʻoe i kahi lāʻau antimetabolite kikoʻī, he mea nui e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao kikoʻī e pili ana me ia.
Akā ma keʻano laulā, aia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau i ʻike ʻia me ka hapa nui o nā antimetabolites.
| Hopena ʻaoʻao | Wehewehena |
|---|---|
| Nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe | Ka luaʻi, ka nele o ka makemake e ʻai, ka maʻi pākī, a i ʻole ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻōpū. |
| ʻO ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole o ke kino | Luhi, nāwaliwali, ʻehaʻeha ʻiʻo, ʻeha poʻo, a me ka poniuniu. |
| Nā loli ma ka waha a me nā lehelehe | Nā ʻeha a i ʻole ka pehu ʻana ma ka waha a me nā lehelehe. |
| Nā hopena ma ke akepaʻa | Nā enzymes akepaʻa i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia (hiki paha i kēia ke hōʻike i ka hōʻino ʻia o ke akepaʻa a i ʻole ka pehu ʻana). |
| ʻIli a me ka lauoho | Ka hāʻule ʻana o ka lauoho, ka ʻōhūhū ʻili, ka ʻili maloʻo a me ka māwae. |
| Nā loli i nā maka | Nā loli o ka ʻike a i ʻole ka ʻike i ka mālamalama. |
| Nā hopena ma nā hunaola koko | Ua emi ka helu o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka maʻi. |
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO nā antimetabolites kahi ʻano lāʻau chemotherapy e hoʻopunipuni i nā hunaola kanesa i ka ulu ʻana a me ke kāohi ʻana iā lākou mai ka hana ʻana pēlā.
- Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia mau mea no nā maʻi kanesa e ulu wikiwiki ana e like me ka leukemia, ka umauma, ka ovarian, a me ke kanesa colon.
- ʻOiai ʻo kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau he pono ia o ka luku ʻana i nā hunaola kanesa, loaʻa pū kekahi iā lākou nā pilikia e like me ke kūʻē ʻana i ka lāʻau a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao.
- Ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa o nā hopena ʻaoʻao mai kēlā lāʻau a i kēia lāʻau, he mea nui e ʻike i ka lāʻau āu e lawe nei a me kona hopena.
- ʻO ka mea nui loa: E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka me ke kānalua ʻole e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia iā ʻoe, kona mau hopena ʻaoʻao, a me nā nīnau a hopohopo paha āu e loaʻa ai. ʻO ia wale nō ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo pololei a kūpono hoʻi.
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