ʻAʻole ʻo HIV ka hopena! E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka ART (Antiretroviral Therapy)

I kou ʻike ʻana ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi HIV, ua manaʻo paha ʻoe i ka haʻalulu nui, ka makaʻu, a me ka mehameha. Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe, "He aha kaʻu e hana ai i kēia manawa?" Akā, mai hopohopo. I kēia lā, ua holomua nui ka ʻepekema lapaʻau. ʻO ka maʻi HIV kahi maʻi, inā mālama pono ʻia, hiki ke ola me ia no ka manawa lōʻihi, olakino, a maʻamau. ʻO ka mea kaua ikaika loa a koʻikoʻi no kēia, ʻo ia ka lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo ART. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia ma ke ʻano maʻalahi e pane i nā nīnau āpau āu e noʻonoʻo nei.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka ART?

ʻO ART, ʻo ia hoʻi ka Antiretroviral Therapy , he hui pū ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia e mālama i ka maʻi HIV. No ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia, e nānā mua kākou i ka hana a ka maʻi HIV i ko kākou kino.

E noʻonoʻo i ko kākou kino e like me kahi pā kaua i kiaʻi pono ʻia. Aia nā koa kūikawā e pale ana i kēia pā kaua. Kāhea mākou iā lākou he mau pūnaewele CD4 . ʻO kēia mau pūnaewele ka ʻāpana nui o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale. ʻO ka hana a ka HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), e like me ka ʻaihue, ke komo i loko o kēia pā kaua a luku i kēia mau koa palekana, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā pūnaewele CD4, pākahi. A laila ua nāwaliwali ka pale o ko kākou pā kaua. ʻO ka hopena, hiki i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe a me nā maʻi ʻaʻole hiki ke hana nui iā kākou ke komo maʻalahi i ko kākou kino a hoʻoulu i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi.

Eia ka hana a ka ART. ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mau lāʻau ke hoʻopau loa i ka maʻi HIV mai ke kino, ke kāohi nei lākou i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka maʻi i loko o ke kino, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hana ʻana i nā kope hou aʻe o ia mea. A laila, emi mālie ka nui o ka maʻi i loko o ke kino, a mākou e kapa nei he viral load . Ke kāohi ʻia ka maʻi, hiki i ko mākou kino ke hana i nā pūnaewele CD4 hou e pani i nā pūnaewele CD4 i luku ʻia. A laila ikaika hou ko mākou ʻōnaehana pale.

He aha ka pae "ʻIke ʻole ʻia"?

ʻO kēia ka hopena koʻikoʻi a nani loa o ka mālama ʻana i ka ART. Ke lawe pono ʻoe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau, hāʻule ka nui o ka maʻi HIV (viral load) i loko o kou koko i kahi pae haʻahaʻa loa a hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia e nā hoʻokolohua. ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he pae "ʻike ʻole ʻia" .

Akā, ʻaʻole kēia manaʻo ua ho'ōla loa ʻia ʻoe mai ka maʻi HIV. Hiki i ka maʻi ke hūnā i loko o nā hunaola o ke kino. Inā ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki i ka maʻi huna ke hana hou. No laila, he mea nui e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ke koena o kou ola.

Akā he aha nā pōmaikaʻi o kēia pae "ʻIke ʻole ʻia"?

• Ma muli o ka ikaika o kou ʻōnaehana pale ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke ola i kahi ola olakino a maʻamau.
• ʻO ka mea nui loa: ʻAʻole hiki i ke kanaka me ka ukana viral paʻa o "Undetectable" ke hoʻoili i ka HIV i kekahi kanaka ma o ka moekolohe. Kāhea mākou i kēia manaʻo U=U (Undetectable = Untransmittable) . He kūʻokoʻa nui kēia nou a me kāu hoa.

Pehea e hana ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau ART?

Hoʻohana ka maʻi HIV i kahi kaʻina hana paʻakikī loa e komo i loko o kā mākou mau pūnaewele CD4 a hana i nā kope o ia iho. Hana nā lāʻau ART ma ke keakea ʻana i nā ʻanuʻu like ʻole i kēia kaʻina hana. E noʻonoʻo e like me ka ʻaihue e lawe ana i nā ʻanuʻu he nui e komo i loko o kahi hale, a hana ka ART ma ke kau ʻana i nā pahele like ʻole e hoʻōki i kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu.

E nānā kākou i kēia papa e hoʻomaopopo ai pehea e hana ai nā lāʻau lapaʻau ART.

Pehea e koho ai au i ka lāʻau ART kūpono noʻu?

ʻAʻole kēia he hoʻoholo hiki iā ʻoe ke hana hoʻokahi. Na kāu kauka e koho i ka hui pū ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa nāu. E noʻonoʻo ʻo ia i kekahi mau mea.

• ʻO kou viral load a me ka helu CD4 ke hoʻomaka ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
• Inā paha ua lawe mua ʻoe i nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe no ka maʻi HIV (e like me PrEP a i ʻole PEP).
• Nā hopena o nā hoʻāʻo e ʻike ai inā kūpaʻa ka maʻi i loko o kou kino i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.
• Ke hāpai nei ʻoe a ke manaʻolana nei paha e hāpai?
• Nā maʻi ʻē aʻe āu i loaʻa ai (e like me ka maʻi puʻupaʻa, ka maʻi akepaʻa, ka maʻi diabetes, ka maʻi puʻuwai) a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe ai no lākou.
• Inā paha e hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa kūpono.

Lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao

No nā kānaka he nui, hāʻawi ʻia ka ART ma ke ʻano he pila i kēlā me kēia lā. I kekahi manawa, hoʻohui ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻokahi pila. He mea maʻalahi loa ia. A i kēia manawa, loaʻa pū kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he inikini hiki ke lawe ʻia i hoʻokahi manawa i ka mahina a i ʻole i kēlā me kēia ʻelua mahina.

Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. Nā mea e like me ka nausea, ka luaʻi ʻana, ka ʻōpū ʻeha, ka ʻeha poʻo, ka hiamoe ʻole, a me nā ʻulaʻula ʻili. Akā i ka hapa nui o ka manawa, e nalo loa kēia mau mea ma hope o kekahi mau pule i ka wā e maʻa ai ke kino i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Ke nānā ʻana i ka holomua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau

Ma hope o kou hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e nānā mau kāu kauka i kou kūlana. E pili ana kēia i ʻelua mau hoʻāʻo koko nui.

1. Hoʻāʻo Ukana Viral: E nānā i ka nui o ka maʻi i loko o ke kino.

2. Helu CD4: E ʻike i ka ikaika o ka ʻōnaehana pale.

ʻO ka maʻamau, hāʻule ka ukana viral i kahi pae "ʻike ʻole ʻia" i loko o 1-6 mau mahina o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau. Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻomau ʻia kēia mau hoʻokolohua ma nā manawa i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka e ʻike inā e holo pono ana nā mea āpau.