ʻAuē, ke manaʻo nei anei ʻoe e hanu ana? E ʻike pono kākou i ke ʻano o ka (Asphyxiation)!

I kekahi manawa, lilo koke ka hanu ʻana i mea paʻakikī, ʻeā? A i ʻole ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kekahi e hakakā nei me ka hanu ʻūlū? He mea weliweli loa kēia a he mea weliweli hoʻi. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēlā hanu ʻūlū, a i ʻole ka huaʻōlelo lapaʻau (Asphyxiation). Inā maopopo pololei iā mākou kēia, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻopakele i ke ola.

He aha ka (Asphyxiation)? I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi...

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ke ʻano o ka "Asphyxiation" ʻaʻole lawa ka oxygen i kou kino. He hopena nui kēia i ke kaʻina hana hanu. I kekahi manawa hiki ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale o ka ʻike. I nā hihia ʻino loa, hiki ke make. Kapa kekahi iā ia he "(asphyxia)", kapa kekahi iā ia he "(suffocation)". Hoʻokahi wale nō manaʻo o lākou a pau.

He aha nā ʻano nui o ka (Asphyxiation)?

Aia nā ʻano like ʻole o ka hanu ʻana. E nānā kākou i nā mea nui.

(Ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka mīkini) - Ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka mīkini

ʻO kēia ka manawa hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke hanu ma muli o kahi mea kino a i ʻole ke kūlana o ke kino. E noʻonoʻo e like me kekahi e ʻūlū ana iā ʻoe, a i ʻole he keiki liʻiliʻi e loaʻa ana kahi mea pāʻani i paʻa i ko lākou puʻu, a pēlā aku. I kekahi manawa ke kuhi hewa mākou i ko mākou kūlana, no ka laʻana, huli kahi pēpē liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻole hiki ke huli a paʻa ko lākou ihu a me ka waha i loko o ka uluna, hāʻule pū kēlā i loko o kēia māhele.

ʻO ka asphyxia traumatic - ka ʻūhū ʻana i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi ulia

He ʻāpana nō hoʻi kēia o ka "mechanical asphyxia". ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo kou umauma, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka "thoracic cavity" i hoʻopuni ʻia e ka iwi ʻaoʻao, nā ʻiʻo, nā ʻiʻo, a me ka ʻili, ua pio ma muli o ka ikaika nui ("trauma") e puka mai ana mai waho mai. E noʻonoʻo ua ʻomi ikaika ʻia kou umauma i loko o kahi ulia nui. A laila, ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ke koko mai ka puʻuwai i hope ma o nā aʻa koko i ka ʻāʻī a me ka lolo.

ʻO ka asphyxia perinatal

He mea kēia e pili ana i kā mākou mau pēpē liʻiliʻi. Hiki mai kēia ʻano ke loaʻa ʻole i ka pēpē ka nui o ka oxygen e pono ai ma mua koke iho, i ka wā, a ma hope koke iho paha o ka hānau ʻana. He mea kēia e makaʻala nui ai.

(Compressive asphyxia) - hanu ʻūlū ma muli o ke kaomi ʻana

He ʻano "mechanical asphyxia" nō hoʻi kēia. Hana ʻia kēia ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia kou umauma a ʻōpū paha e kahi ikaika nui o waho. Eia kekahi laʻana, inā ʻoe e ʻūmiʻi ʻia i kahi wahi piha kanaka (e noʻonoʻo i kahi ʻaha mele), a inā paha e noho ana kekahi ma kou umauma a kukuli paha ma kou umauma.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo "Asphyxiation"?

ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o kēia ma mua o kou manaʻo. No ka laʻana, ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa wale nō, ua make kokoke i 19,000 mau kānaka i ka hanu ʻole ʻia i ka makahiki 2016.

Eia kekahi, mai 2018 a i 2019, ʻo ka hanu ʻana ke kumu nui o ka make ʻana o nā keiki ma lalo o hoʻokahi makahiki. No laila, pono e makaʻala loa nā mākua me nā keiki liʻiliʻi i kēia.

Pehea ka hopena o ka Asphyxia i koʻu kino?

Hiki i kēia maʻi (Asphyxia) ke hoʻopilikia i kou kino ma nā ʻano like ʻole.

Ke ālai ʻana o nā mea haole

E noʻonoʻo ʻoe aia kekahi mea e ālai ana i kou ala ea. A laila hōʻiliʻili kou kino i ke kalapona ʻokikene. Kāhea pū mākou i kēia hypercapnia. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole hiki ke komo ka oxygen i nā ʻiʻo o ke kino (hypoxia).

A laila hoʻāʻo hou ke kino e hanu. Hiki ke hopohopo iki ke ʻike. E ʻike paha ʻoe i nā mea e like me nā maka e ulu nui ana, ka loli ʻana o ke kala o ka ʻili, nā lima e hopu ana i kou ʻāʻī, a me ke kuʻi mālie ʻana.

Piʻi koke kou koko a me kou puʻuwai. Hāʻule ka pH o kou koko. Hoʻokuʻu kou kino i nā hormones i kapa ʻia he catecholamines. He mau hormones koʻikoʻi kēia mau catecholamines i ka 'hakakā a lele paha' o ke kino.

I ka hopena, hāʻule kou koko a lohi kou puʻuwai.

Inā ʻaʻole i wehe ʻia ka mea paʻa i kēia manawa, a inā ʻaʻole mālama koke kekahi iā ia, hiki i ka puʻuwai ke kū (cardiac arrest) i loko o ʻehā a ʻelima mau minuke. He mea weliweli loa kēia.

Ke piholo nei

Ma kahi o 10% o nā make wai ʻana, e pau koke ka hana ʻana o kou mau kaula leo ke komo mua ka wai i kou puʻu. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he "laryngospasm." A laila make ʻoe i ka "asphyxiation," ʻoiai ʻaʻohe wai i loko o kou mau māmā.

Ma nā 90% ʻē aʻe o nā hihia, e hoʻomaha ana nā ʻiʻo ma ka hakahaka ma waena o kou mau kaula leo (ka 'glottis'), e hoʻopiha ana i kou mau māmā i ka wai.

Hoʻopili koke kou kino i ka wai maʻemaʻe. Hoʻoheheʻe ka wai maʻemaʻe i ka plasma i loko o kou koko a hoʻoulu i nā kele koko ʻulaʻula e haki (hemolysis).

Huki ka wai paʻakai i ke wai mai kāu ʻōnaehana hoʻopuni koko i loko o kou mau māmā, e hoʻemi ana i ka nui o ka plasma i loko o kou koko.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka hanu pōkole?

Aia kekahi mau hōʻailona e ʻike ʻia ma kēia kūlana "Asphyxiation":

• Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana (dyspnea). Manaʻo kekahi poʻe e like me ka mea e hanu ana lākou.
• Ka hanu wikiwiki a hohonu paha (hyperventilation).
• Ka nalowale o ka ʻike.
• Kuke.
• Ka leo haʻalulu a i ʻole ka loli ʻana o ka leo.
• Ka hiki ʻole ke ʻōlelo.
• Ka loli ʻana o ke kala o ka maka a i ʻole nā ​​lehelehe (hiki ke lilo i ʻulaʻula, poni, uliuli a hina paha).
• Ka paʻakikī i ka moni ʻana a i ʻole ka hiki ʻole ke moni.
• Poho ka hoʻomanaʻo.
• Ka mimi ʻana a i ʻole ka lua wai me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia.
• Pōʻaiʻī.
• Nā ʻeha poʻo.

He aha nā kumu o ka (Asphyxia)?

Nui nā kumu no kēia hanu pōkole. E nānā kākou i kekahi o lākou:

• Anaphylaxis: He hopena alerē koʻikoʻi kēia. Hoʻoulu pinepine ʻia e nā meaʻai. Hiki iā ia ke hana i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi e like me ka luaʻi ʻana, ka pehu ʻana o nā lālā a me ka maka (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā lehelehe).
• Asthma:He maʻi māmā "mau" kēia. Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia e nā mea e like me ka haumia o ka ea, ka hoʻoikaika kino, ka huluhulu holoholona, ​​a me ka uahi paka.
• (Ka hanu ʻana i ke kūlana) - Ka hanu ʻana i ke kūlana: ʻO kēia ka wā e ālai ʻia ai kou hanu e ke kūlana o kou kino. Hana pinepine kēia i nā pēpē hānau hou a i ʻole nā ​​​​keiki liʻiliʻi ʻaʻole i lawa ka ikaika e hoʻohuli i ko lākou kino. No ka laʻana, hiki ke hana kēia inā e hiamoe ana kahi pēpē i lalo ke alo a ua paʻa ko lākou ihu a me ka waha i loko o ka moena a ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohuli.
• Ka hanu ʻana o ka mea ola kino: Hana ʻia kēia ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka oxygen mai kou mau māmā e kahi kemika āu e hanu ai a hoʻopiha iā lākou me ka oxygen. A laila, ʻaʻole hiki i ka oxygen ke hiki i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o kou kino. Hiki i nā kemika e like me ke kalapona monoxide, cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, a me kekahi mau kemika i loaʻa i nā huahana hoʻomaʻemaʻe hale ke hana i kēia.
• Ka nui o nā opioids: ʻO nā opioids he mau kemika e hana pū me nā hunaola nerve e hōʻemi i ka ʻeha. Inā lawe ʻoe i ka nui o lākou, hiki i kou hanu ke lohi a kū i ka hopena.
• Ke piholo ʻana: He hanu ʻia kēia ma muli o ke komo ʻana i loko o kahi wai, ʻo ka wai pinepine.
• Ke ālai ʻia ʻana o nā mea ʻē: Ke ālai ʻia nei ke ala ea e kahi mea ʻē. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ke ʻole e ale pono ʻia ka meaʻai, a i ʻole ke paʻa ka luaʻi i ka puʻu ma hope o ka inu nui ʻana i ka waiʻona (ka lāʻau make waiʻona).
• ʻUmi ʻia: Ke ālai ʻana i ke ala ea ma ke kāʻei ʻana i ka lima, kaula, a i ʻole kekahi mea ʻē aʻe a puni ka ʻāʻī.

Pehea e ʻike ai i ka (Asphyxiation)?

He "pilikia olakino" kēia ʻū ʻana e pono ai ka mālama koke ʻana . Inā ʻoe e noho kokoke ana i kahi keiki ʻōpio a i ʻole kahi pākeke i pilikia koke i ka hanu ʻana, e nīnau iā lākou inā "ʻū ʻia lākou." Inā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke pane, e nānā i kēia mau hōʻailona:

• Ke paʻa nei i ka ʻāʻī (ʻo kēia ka hōʻailona honua i hoʻohana ʻia e ʻōlelo ai ua paʻa ʻoe).
• Ke ʻū mālie a nāwaliwali.
• Ke hana nei i kahi leo hū i ka wā e hanu ana (wheezing).
• Ka hiki ʻole ke ʻōlelo.
• Ka nalowale o ka ʻike.

Inā pilikia ka pēpē i ka hanu ʻana, e nānā i nā loli i kā lākou ʻano. Eia kekahi laʻana, ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ka uē nāwaliwali, a i ʻole ka ʻū ʻana lohi loa.

He mea maikaʻi anei ke hāʻawi i kahi mea inu i kahi mea hiki ʻole ke hanu?

ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole maikaʻi iki. Inā ʻoe e hāʻawi i kahi mea inu i kahi mea e pilikia ana i ka hanu ʻana, hiki iā ia ke ālai hou aku i ke ala ea.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua e hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻike ʻana i ka (Asphyxia)?

Inā paʻa kekahi mea i loko o kou ala ea, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻohana i nā X-ray a i ʻole bronchoscopy e ʻimi i ka mea i ālai ʻia a wehe iā ia.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka (Asphyxia)?

Aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke kumu o ka pōkole o ka hanu. ʻO nā koho lapaʻau e komo pū me:

• Hoʻōla hou ʻana i ka puʻuwai (CPR): ʻO ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā kaomi umauma e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ke kahe koko i nā ʻōpū koʻikoʻi a hiki i ka hoʻomaka hou ʻana o ka puʻuwai e kuʻi. He kōkua mua koʻikoʻi loa kēia.
• Heimlich maneuver: Kōkua nā ʻō ʻōpū i ka hoʻokuke ʻana i nā mea mai ke alaea. He mea pono loa kēia ke paʻa kekahi mea, e like me ka meaʻai, i loko o ke alaea.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Ma muli o ke kumu o ka pōkole o ka hanu, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau. No ka laʻana, he inhaler no ka hānō, epinephrine (EpiPen®) no nā maʻi allergies, a i ʻole naloxone (Narcan®) no ka overdose opioid.
• Hoʻōla hou ʻana mai ka waha a i ka waha: Kōkua kēia i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hanu ʻana. Hiki ke hana ʻia no ka poʻe i make i ke kai a i ʻole ka poʻe i pilikia i ka hanu ʻana ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i nā opioids he nui loa.
• Hoʻōla oxygen: Hāʻawi ʻia ka oxygen i ke kino ma o kahi ʻōmole hanu, ka pale maka oxygen, ka ʻōmole ihu, a i ʻole ka ventilator.

Pehea e pale aku ai i ka (Asphyxiation)?

ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai i kēia ʻano hanu ʻole ʻana, ʻo ia ke akahele . Inā pilikia kekahi ma kou wahi i ka hanu ʻana, e kelepona koke i ka 1990 (ka lawelawe ambulance ulia pōpilikia o Sri Lanka).

• I ka wā e ʻai ai, e nau mālie i kāu meaʻai a e kamaʻilio wale ma hope o ka moni ʻana. E nānā pono i kāu mau keiki i kā lākou ʻai ʻana. E paipai iā lākou e ʻai me nā waha liʻiliʻi a e haʻi aku iā lākou ʻaʻole e kamaʻilio a hiki i ka moni ʻana i kā lākou meaʻai.
• Inā he maʻi ʻaleka kou i ka meaʻai, e lawe mau i kahi EpiPen. E nānā i ka lepili o nā mea hoʻohui ma nā mea āpau āu e ʻai ai.
• I ka ʻauʻau ʻana i ka wai, e hele pū me hoʻokahi kanaka ʻē aʻe. Inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻauʻau, e ʻaʻahu i kahi ʻaʻahu ola.
• Inā ʻoe e pilikia ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hānō, e mālama mau i kahi inhaler kokoke.
• E hoʻokomo i nā mea ʻike kalapona monoxide i loko o kou home. E nānā ʻia nā lako e hoʻohana ana i ka wahie e like me ka lāʻau a i ʻole ke kinoea (e laʻa me nā kapuahi, nā mea hoʻomehana wai, nā umu) e kahi loea i aʻo ʻia i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki.

He aha ka mea e hana inā loaʻa ka (Asphyxia)?

Inā mālama koke ʻia ke kumu o ka hanu pōkole, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hiki ke ho'ōla.

Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻaʻole mālama koke ʻia ka hanu ʻana, hiki iā ia ke loaʻa nā hopena lōʻihi a mau loa paha, e like me ka hahau ʻana, ka ʻeha o ka lolo, a i ʻole ka make. No laila, he mea nui loa ka hana wikiwiki.

He aha nā nīnau e pono iaʻu e nīnau aku i kaʻu kauka?

Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻike e like me kēia, a inā makemake ʻoe e ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ia mea, hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i kāu kauka i kēia mau mea:

• He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā ʻaʻole e hanu ana kekahi?
• E loaʻa anei iaʻu kekahi hopena olakino lōʻihi a mau loa paha mai ka hiki ʻole ke hanu?
• He maʻi ʻaleka anei koʻu i ka meaʻai? Pono anei au e ʻike i kahi kauka maʻi ʻaleka?
• He aha kaʻu e hana ai e pale aku iaʻu iho mai kēia maʻi (asphyxia) i ka wā e hiki mai ana?

ʻO ka mea hope loa, he mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai! (Leka Lawe-Home)

He kūlana weliweli loa ka hanu ʻana i ka hanu ʻana kahi e ʻoki ʻia ai ka oxygen mai ke kino. Inā ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi āu e noho pū ana me ʻoe e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona o ka hanu ʻana, hiki ke hopohopo. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui e noho mālie e like me ka hiki. E makaʻala i nā hōʻailona o ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ʻoiai inā e paʻa ana kou mau lima i kou ʻāʻī. E kelepona koke i ka 911 a hahai i kā lākou mau kuhikuhi. ʻO ka wikiwiki o kou mālama ʻana i ke kumu o ka hanu ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kou manawa e pale aku ai i nā pilikia olakino lōʻihi a mau loa paha. Hiki i kou ʻike a me ka hana wikiwiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻopakele ʻana i ke ola!

ʻO ka hanu ʻana, ka oxygen, ka hanu ʻana, ke kōkua mua, ka pilikia, ka hanu ʻana, ka ʻū ʻana, ka piholo ʻana, ke kalapona monoxide, CPR, ka hana Heimlich